Volume 11, Issue 2, February 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

[1]  [2]  [3]  [4]  [5]  [6]  [7]  [8]

Effects of students’ behaviour management strategies on their academic performance in secondary schools in Rwanda. A case of secondary schools in Burera District. []


Student misbehaviour is one of the most common problems affecting schools around the world today. The growing problem which this research project turns around consist in knowing whether students behaviour management contributes to the academic performance in secondary schools. This article assessed the effects of students’ behaviour management strategies on their academic performance in Burera District. The study relied on a mixed method design and correlation research design. A sample of 368 respondents were purposively and randomly sampled. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews & documentary review, and analysed using SPSS and thematic content analysis. Generally, using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, results revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between use of rewards in managing students’ behaviour on their academic performance at 73.2%, punishment affects students’ academic performance at 68.5%, while providing advice to the students affects students’ academic performance at 61.6% and parental involvement in managing students behaviour affects students’ academic performance at 63,7%. Moreover, the study revealed that 74.4% of students’ academic performance was brought by students’ behaviour management using rewards, punishment and providing advice to the students as well as parental involvement in students’ behaviour management. It is recommended to the school administrators to properly and appropriately plan for the time in schools and also emphasize that timetables are respected.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AND DEPRESSION AMONG YOUTH IN KAYOLE – MIHANG’O, NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA []


This study set out to establish the relationship between alcohol use and depression among youth in Kayole and Mihang’o, in Embakasi Nairobi County, Kenya. The study used descriptive correlational research design targeting female and male youth aged 18 to 35 years who had current or previously used alcohol. A sample of 179 respondents obtained by random sampling technique was utilized in the study. Data was collected using socio demographic questionnaire, BDI-II and AUDIT and analysed using SPSS version 24. Results of the study showed that the prevalence of alcohol use was 17.9% and 72% of all respondents have witnessed a friend drink heavily or were part of a group where alcohol was consumed. No significant relationship was found between gender and alcohol use (r=-.042, p >0.575) while the relationship between depression and alcohol use was positive and significant (r=-0.280**, p<0.000). Psychotherapy is highly recommended for depressed youth as well as rehabilitation for those youth who have developed alcohol use disorder.

Addressing Urban Solid Waste Challenges, Through Circular Economy Model in A Developing Economy (Nigeria) []


Abstract Urban environmental problems manifest in various forms to produce undesirable effect on the urban dwellers. In Nigeria, the most visible urban environmental problem that confronts a first-time visitor is waste accumulation and inadequate disposal methods. The circular economy (CE) is a recent and growing area of research that advocates for a regenerative approach to natural resource management, as opposed to a linear method that is hugely unsustainable as a result of the finite availability of raw resources for production and the associated environmental degradation. Hence, this study evaluates, the problems associated with urban solid waste management and opportunities of implementing the circularity principle at the state level of a typical developing economy, Nigeria and how to address such challenges through implementation of circular economy model. Six states were selected from the six geo-political zones of the country These states represent the major waste streams in an urban solid waste mix. This study discovered several barriers and existing pre-conditions in place that could either foster or militate against the smooth and successful application of a CE model as a simple modification of the generic model. This study also discussed future directions on the implementation of the model.

Film Piracy as major cause loss in Rwandan film industry as case of Hillwood []


The objective of the study is mainly to understand movie piracy and its impact on the movie industry with following objective I want to see relationship between film piracy on film industry ,ii)I want to analyze effect of film piracy on film industry, I want to know if streaming service is solution , researchers use descriptive research design and they preferred to use purposive sampling technique so that they can ask respondents who have knowledge of film making piracy and loss . researchers reveals that there is relationship between film piracy and loss in film industry with p which is 0.892 and also there is a negative relationship between film piracy and loss in film industry with (b= -.989) ,(T=-0.02) and (p=0.46) researcher conclude that that Is a significant effect of film piracy to loss in film industry. As a recommendation Rwandan film maker should make sure to control distribution channels.

Comparative effect of procurement planning and contract management on performance of public institutions in Rwanda. Case of Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority []


This study was carried out to assess the effect of procurement planning; and contract management on performance of public institutions in Rwanda with the case of study Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority (Rwanda FDA). The descriptive research design was used and the population of this study is 196 employees from RWANDA FDA whereby 131 were selected as sample to provide primary data for this study. Simple random, purposive and census sampling techniques were used for the study. The questionnaires were used to collect data; and the data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that procurement planning(r=0.843), and contract management(r=0.890) are strong positively corrected to performance of Rwanda FDA as all correlation coefficients(r) are above 0.7. With regression analysis; R-Square (R2=0.908 or 90.8%) indicated; the performance of Rwanda FDA at the level of (90.8%) as result of good procurement planning, and contract management in procurement process. This implies that; procurement planning contributes at (28.9%); and contract management contributes at (25.2%) respectively to overall performance of Rwanda FDA. Key words: Procurement planning; contract management; performance

DIGITAL FORENSIC SETUP & DATA ENCRYPTION: UNDERPINNING ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD (AES) ALGORITHM []


This dissertation intended to develop a digital forensic setup & data encryption, underpinning Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Algorithm in Rwanda. It was guided by specific objectives which are to identify common challenges faced by investigators in maintaining the digital evidence’s integrity in digital forensics investigations, to review the existing solutions used in securing digital evidence, to design a novel digital forensic model that will help investigators in preserving the integrity of evidence, and to simulate the new digital forensic and data encryption model. The total population was 300 people and the sample size was 171. Both primary and secondary data were used. Questionnaires were sent to the respondents and collected back. With this instrument, questions were being asked to particular respondents. The findings have proven that 31.58% of respondents strongly agreed, 59.06% of respondents agreed, 5.26% of respondents were not sure, 2.93% of respondents disagreed, and 1.17% of respondents strongly disagreed that explosion of complexity is one of the common challenges faced by investigators in maintaining the digital evidence’s integrity in digital forensics investigations. The findings indicated that 36.26% of respondents strongly agreed, while 63.74% agreed that back up of data is one of the existing methods used in securing digital evidence. Findings also revealed that 88.88% of respondents strongly agreed, while 11.12% agreed that the use strong passwords is one of the existing methods used in securing digital evidence. Lastly, 25.14% of respondents strongly agreed, 63.74% of respondents agreed, 9.36% of respondents were not sure, while 1.75% of respondents disagreed that taking care when working remotely is one of the existing methods used in securing digital evidence. The findings related to the third objective of this study have indicated that each block will be decrypted without depending on other blocks hence making the processes safer and lastly the encryption of blocks can happen in parallel which will increase the performance of the process. The decryption part ensures that each block is decrypted independently. Evidence will be decrypted in blocks. Evidence be decrypted if the user provides a correct key which matches evidence file to be decrypted. This is being emphasized basing on clear evidence from respondent’s views during analysis of the findings. As recommendations from the study. The research results however revealed some areas that still need continuous improvement. Thus , the research has given different recommendations to different people who will intervene in the use of this new forensic setup.

"Forensic Accounting in Iraq- Application Necessities and Requirements " []


Current research aims to shed a light on a subject whose importance is increasing day by day in the light of the conditions of instability that the Iraqi country is going through. This subject is forensic accountability. To reach its objective, the research uses the inductive approach in reviewing the literature on the subject to determine the requirements for its use and development in different departments. The research problem is stated to be as the lack of clarity among most Iraqi institutions, whether in the private or public sector, about the role of forensic accounting in providing a technical tool to detect cases of embezzlement, financial corruption, manipulation and eliminate them or reduce their negative effects on the efficiency of the administrative and financial performance of the institutions and guardian its resources. The other objective were also to clarify what is meant by forensic accounting, its role and importance to state entities and the private sector, as well as clarifying the areas in which it is possible to benefit from its activities and services, and clarifying the necessary skills that an accountant should enjoy in order to be a forensic accountant, as well as clarifying the effectiveness of the application for forensic accountability to reduce the phenomenon of financial corruption and increase the effectiveness of public oversight bodies and public scrutiny. The research was based on the following hypotheses, first: forensic accounting is an indispensable tool in preserving the country's wealth and the rights of the state and society. Second: The forensic accountant has special skills and specific technical tools necessary for his success in his work and performance of work efficiently. Third: The good, efficient and effective application of forensic accounting methods is necessary for its success in its work and achieving its goals in confronting financial corruption, and necessary for the success of control in its internal and external parts. The research was able to prove its hypotheses, and the researchers reached a conclusion of the importance of forensic accounting as a basic tool to reach an end to the cases of financial corruption that spread in Iraqi administrations and became a threat in the collapse of the economic system of the state and society.

STAKEHOLDERS MANAGEMENT AND PROJECT PERFORMANCE A CASE OF KIVU WATT PROJECT, RWANDA []


Stakeholder management is a segment of project management that requires good communication and relationship linkages. This study assesses the relationship between stakeholder management and project performance. This study was guided by the objectives such us to identify the level of community participation on project performance, to identify the level of project team management on project performance, and to establish the relationship between stakeholder management and project performance in Kivu Watt Project. The research used the descriptive research design with both qualitative and quantitative method. Ideally, the target population was the whole Kivu Watt totaling 60 staffs 90 community leaders and 16 staff from the Ministry of Energy, the total was therefore 166. Slovene’s formula simplification showed that from a population of 166 employees, the sample size was 118 respondents. The probability sampling method called simple random sampling was used. The structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The cronbach alpha coefficient formula was used to ana-lyze the reliability and validity. By analyzing data, SPSS vision 21 since data were statistically analyzed, the analysis was a descriptive statistic, where frequency, percentage and mean were calculated. Regression and correlation were calculated so as to determine the relationship between stakeholder management and project performance. The findings presented and interpreted by frequencies in the tables. On the community participation, the result showed that average mean was 3.8587 which is strong and showed that social responsibility in Kivu Watt Project needs to be improved in very strong level. On the level of project team management on project performance, average mean was 4.0085 which is strong. This showed that working conditions contributes in satisfaction of project stakeholders and there is a need to improve working conditions at Kivu watt Project. On the relationship between stakeholder management and project performance, the results showed that the correlation between stakeholder management and project performance was equal .868**, it presents that there was a high positive correlation and there was significant relationship between stakeholder management and project performance in Kivu Watt Project. The result also illustrates the analysis of variance by inspecting the significance level which is .000 and <.05), It should be noted that the regression model is highly important, which aided the researcher in confirming that stake-holder management has an effect on project performance. The study provided the important information that was inform stakeholders on the impact of stakeholder management on project performance. Kivu watt Project could be influential with those who have the power to impact its project.

CORRELATE AND NON-CORRELATE OF POSTGRADUATES’ CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE EDUCATION []


Science education is critical in helping learners acquire problem-solving and decision-making skills, which are capable of paving ways for critical thinking abilities and inquiry, that could help them respond adequately to widespread and radical changes in life. It is against this background that the paper examined graduates of science education extent of acquisition of critical thinking abilities in relation to their academic achievements. Descriptive survey research design was adopted and a sample of 56 purposively selected graduates of science education were employed for the study. Two instruments: An adopted version of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) of 1992 and students’ cumulative grade point average (CGPA) entry schedule were used for the study. Mean and standard deviation statistics were used to describe the extent of the acquisition of critical thinking skills, t-test and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) statistics were used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study revealed that there is high acquisition of critical thinking abilities among graduates of science education, and there is also a significant relationship between postgraduate science education students’ critical thinking abilities and their corresponding academic achievements (p-value < α). However, there is a significant difference between postgraduate science education students’ academic achievement and their critical thinking abilities (p<α). Critical thinking abilities were also found to be independent of gender. It was recommended that science teaching should integrate various science skills so as to enhance graduates of science education achievements. Keywords: Critical thinking abilities, Academic Achievement, and Education.

Error in F=ma []


I found error in Newtons’s famous equation F=ma.

Window Types and Indoor Rates and Patterns of Air Flows for Sustainable Building Designs in Naturally Ventilated Residential Buildings of Warm-Humid Climate Zones []


Air and moisture movements combine to influence energy consumption patterns and levels in warm humid climate zones. Windows create pathways for entries and exits of the elements of the climate in and out of buildings. However, windows come in varied types, configurations and designs, each behaving differently with regards to the provision of the pathway thereby, varying the indoor rates and patterns of air flows traceable to the various types of windows to achieve sustainable building designs. Therefore, this paper reports on the investigation done using physical measurements to determine the effects of different window types in wall panels on rates and patterns of air flows in naturally ventilated residential buildings in Asaba, Nigeria. Data on the indoor air flow speed of the five different window types: Casement window, casement with vent, sliding, projected, and louvre were obtained through data loggers (LUTRON Thermo-Anemometer AM4201A) mounted in the purposively selected residential buildings where the different window types were used. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test conducted at 95% confidence level showed that there was significant statistical difference between the rates and patterns of air flows for the different window types thus: F=34.335; p=.000. The sliding window had a mean value of 0.39; projected 0.51; casement 0.69; louvre 0.93 and casement with vent 0.85. Recommendations were made for casement-with-vent windows to be used in the design of naturally ventilated residential buildings. This will aid the next generation of architecture and construction professionals in achieving effective ventilation, comfortable indoor environment, energy efficiency and sustainable future.

DETERMINANTS OF ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN KENYA: A CASE OF SAVAN. CEMENT LTD []


The purpose of the study was to determine factors affecting organizational performance in the manufacturing industry: a case study of Savan Cement. Specific objectives of the study were to establish the effects of Government policy, company policy, management support and Information Technology on supply of organizational performance in the manufacturing industry: a case study of Savan Cement. The study is significant to management of Savan Cement Company, other organizations and other researchers. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population was 90 employees from which a sample size of 45 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling technique. The instrument of data collection was questionnaires. Data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data represented inform of descriptive notes while quantitative will be represented inform of tables and figures. The study concludes that management support affects organization performance in Savan cement industries. From the study it can be concluded that employee training encourages growth within the worker and the organization itself, eventually fostering organization performance within the organization. With better training, employees become more resourceful and effectively participate in the organization’s growth and performance. Employee training enhances employee commitment to the organization thus influencing organization performance. The study also concluded that information technology affects organization performance in Savanna cement Industries. It has been established that financial and non-monetary assistance enables employees to successfully perform their duties and improves their productivity, resulting in greater involvement within the organization. The study also concluded that information technology has an impact on the performance of Savanna cement Industries. Values, norms, beliefs, and attitudes held in high regard by the organization proved to improve organizational performance, as demonstrated by the majority of respondents during the study. It was also discovered that company policy has an impact on organizational performance in Savanna cement Industries. Employees become involved in duties and company operations as a result of favorable company policies and practices that encourage employee participation and set out company plans and objectives.

STAFF TURNOVER AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF BAMB CEMENT LIMITED []


The main aim of the study was to find out the effects of staff turnover on the organizational performance of manufacturing sector in Kenya with reference to BAMB Cement Limited. The main objective of the study was to find out how performance management affect staff turnover in the manufacturing sector. Specific objectives of the study were to find out how training and development, legal framework and leadership style affect staff turnover. This research is significant to the management of BAMB Cement limited, researchers, other cement manufacturing companies and the suppliers of various items to the company. The main anchor theory is the unfolding theory of turnover, and is reinforced by theory of social cognitive behavior. This study adopted a descriptive research design with a target population of 120 respondents. Stratified proportion sampling was involved in order to get a suitable unit of the representative of analysis that which came to 60 respondents. This research study used questionnaires as the main data collection tool. The questionnaires were pilot tested before being administered to the target audience. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics. The data analysis tools included simple tabulations and presentations of the report using spreadsheets and the use of SPSS version 24.0. This study used inferential statistics to show the relationship that exists between the study variables. Data was analyzed using quantitative methods, and presentation of data was in the form of tables and figures. The findings show that organization performance at BAMB Cement significantly influences and is determined by the factors: training and development, performance management, legal framework and leadership style and the study concluded that these factors affect the performance of the organization in a positive way. The study recommended that training and development should be incorporated in the industries to facilitate quality services. Development with some technical proofs should be procured to facilitate the staffs increase in skills development to respond to changing dynamics in the work place. The study recommends that advanced performance management should be implemented in the organization to ensure the staff are working in accordance with organization goals. The management should ensure that those performances are highly followed in the organization. In this regard, it was recommended that legal framework should be implemented for smooth running of the organization. In doing this there will be a smooth flow of activities in the organization and it will also be essential for service delivery in the organization. The researcher also recommends that organization should employ leadership styles of measuring the skills and also develop a staff evaluation system where they can measure the level of activities in done in the organization.

LEADERSHIP STYLES AND EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYAFAC: A CASE STUDY OF ‘‘C’’ BANK OF KENYA LIMITED. []


This research focused on leadership style and employee performance in commercial banks in Kenya, a case of C Bank Limited. The study's response rate was 77.1%, obtained from 37 of the 48 participants who responded to the research tool. The analysis of strategic leadership in commercial and financial state firms, which was put to the test by various benchmark claims, revealed that shared core values, symbols, and ideologies are a sign of a healthy organizational culture. Additionally, respondents agreed that their institutions define the corporate strategic orientation. The responders agreed somewhat with the other claims. Among these were the emphasis on moral behavior and efficient management of company resources. In commercial and financial state firms, balanced organizational controls are not given enough attention. Customer satisfaction was found to be significantly higher than the industry norm according to organizational performance as attributed to strategic leadership tests. The data also showed that there was a low annual staff turnover rate and a strong net profit margin/return on sales. High annual turnover and a larger corporation's market share, however, received little attention. The results of a correlation analysis between strategic leadership practices and organizational performance revealed a strong correlation between corporate strategic direction and high levels of customer satisfaction. The annual employee turnover rate and the high market share of the company were both positively correlated with balanced organizational controls. Effective corporate culture, however, revealed a large negative correlation with great customer satisfaction and return on investment. This investigation confirmed the significance of these associations

Socio-Economic Determinants of Technical Efficiency among Cooperative Cassava Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria []


Cassava is an important crop grown by both male and female farmers. However, the technical efficiency of the farmers is dependent upon a number of factors, amongst which is their socio-economic condition. This paper examines the socio-economic determinants of technical efficiency among cooperative cassava farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria. Agricultural Development Theory (ADT) and survey design were used in this paper. The population of study is two thousand, three hundred and eighteen (2,318) members of sixty-six registered agricultural cooperatives that specialises in cassava production and processing in Ogun State. The sample size is three hundred and forty-one (341) and this was determined using Taro Yamane formula. Multi-stage sampling technique, which involves successive stratified random sampling were used to select study participants. Questionnaire served as the major instrument of data collection. Data were processed through the aid of SPSS version 22, and descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentages, mean scores, chart and regression were used for analysis. The findings revealed that about 82% of the variations in technical efficiency of the farmers were caused by socio-economic characteristics of the farmers such as age, educational level, household size, farming experience, years of cooperative membership and income. Again, result of the hypothesis indicated that socio-economic determinants have significant influence on technical efficiency of cooperative cassava farmers in Ogun State @ 1% significance level. The study recommends amongst others that age and education are vital in agricultural endeavour. Therefore, youth should be encouraged by the government to venture into cassava production as a sure way to not just income generation, but also unemployment reduction. This is giving to the fact that the sector is being dominated by elderly people who are fast aging and with the exploratory nature of the youth, they can easily align with modern agricultural practices that enhances efficiency. Keywords: cassava, cooperative, farming, technical efficiency, socio-economic determinants.

ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER PREFERENCES IN SELECTING PROCESSED FISH PRODUCTS (Case Study at Pancasila Market, Tasikmalaya City) []


This study aims to analyze processed fish products that are consumer preferences in Pancasila Market Tasikma-laya City and analyze the attributes that consumers consider the most in choosing processed fish products at the Pancasila Market in Tasikmalaya City. The method used in this research is a case study method using descriptive analysis. Data were collected by direct interview technique to respondents who were in Pancasila Market using a questionnaire. The results showed that the processed fish product that became the consumer's preference in the Pancasila Market was fish rolls. The things that are most considered in choosing a fish roll product are the color of the clear packaging, the type of packaging is plastic, the color of the product is natural, the taste is original, and the price of fish rolls is Rp. 15,000 – Rp. 20,000. The most important thing to consider in choosing a fish otak-otak product is the color of the clear packaging, the type of packaging is plastic, the color of the natural product, the original taste, and the price of the processed fish otak-otak product is Rp. 10,000 – Rp. 15,000. The things that are most considered in choosing fish dumpling products are the color of the clear packaging, the type of packaging is plastic, the color of the natural product, the original taste, and the price of the fish dumpling product is Rp. 15,000 – Rp. 20,000.