Volume 7, Issue 4, April 2019 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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LIBYAN POLITICS AND THE NATURE OF GADDAFI LEADERSHIP STYLE IN PROMOTING LIBYA AS A NATION. []


ABSTRACT Against popular belief, Libya, which western media described as “Gaddafi's military dictatorship’ was in actual fact one of the world's most democratic. The nation State of Libya was divided into several small communities that were essentially “mini-autonomous States” within a State. These autonomous States had control over their districts and has make a range of decisions including how to allocate oil revenue and budgetary funds within these mini autonomous States, the three main bodies of Libya’s democracy were Local Committees, People's Congresses, and Executive Revolutionary Councils. The study uses secondary data from previous studies of related area of study to analyze the leadership style of Gaddafi of Libya using local institutions from grassroots level. The study has the following findings that leaders in Africa in the process of practicing democracy they tend copy some leadership values that are giving advantage to the development of Western Nations than their immediate communities that voted them in to power, secondly, leaders in Africa prefer to die in power by using various mean of manipulation to retain power deceiving the large as if they are practicing democracy. Keywords: People’s Congress, Nation State, autonomous States.

Concept of Male Gaze in Sara Suleri []


Pakistani society is male dominant society and patriarchal values are rife there from time immemorial. Sara Suleri has tried to portray this scenario through her both memoirs named as Meatless Days and Boys will be Boys. Though Sara touches the topics of politics, history and culture of Pakistan but main focus is circumstances in which concept of male gaze seems to be overloaded. Norms of traditions prevalent in Pakistan always favor male member of society. Male gaze concept is one of the off-shoot of feminist ideology; where patriarchy, dominance and upper-hand are norms.

Use of sequence GnRH III for philogenetic analysis of red hard lipped barb carp, green hard lipped barb carp, mangot hard lipped barb carp and beureum panon []


The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between hard lipped barb carp strains based on encoding sequences of GnRH III. This research method uses an explorative method with descriptive analysis. Primers GnRH III-F (5'-GGACCTAAGAGCATGGAGTGG AAAGGAAG-3 ') and GnRH III-R (5'-GGGCTCGAGCACTCTTCCTCGTCTG TTGG-3') used in the GnRH III coding sequence analysis. Based on the coding sequence analysis of GnRH (forward and reverse directions) the genetic distance of red hard lipped barb carp and green hard lipped barb carp is 0.0033 and 0.0049, red hard lipped barb carp, green hard lipped barb carp, with mangot hard lipped barb carp of 0.0054 and 0.0093 and the three hard lipped barb carp with beureum panon of 0.0603 and 0.0558. The coding sequence of GnRH III red, green, mangot hard lipped barb carp has similar amino acid sequences with sGnRH Osteochilus hasselti (no. accession AFH41001.1) of 98% and beureum panon of 96%. The results showed that the coding sequence of GnRH III could be used in determining the kinship relationship of hard lipped barb carp strains.

An Analytical Review of Weather Forecasting Software’s through Data Mining Techniques []


This research paper will widely analyze the weather forecasting software that are been utilized to determine the weather conditions in the hilly areas of Uttarakhand. The paper will help to understand different standards of the assumption and also draw to a conclusion of how much précised assumptions this devices are providing.

ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GARCINIA KOLA LEAVES ON STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS []


The leaf of Garcinia kola is an ethnomedicinal leaf used in the treatment of diseases. This present research sought to investigate the antidiabetic effect of methanolic leaf extract of Garcinia kola on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty-two male albino Wistar rats were divided into seven groups of six animals each: vehicle (distilled water); leaf exract only (100 and 200mg/kg respectively); untreated diabetic rats; treated diabetic rats (extract: 100 and 200mg/kg respectively, glibenclaimide: 0.5 mg/kg). The extract was orally administerd to the diabetic rats for fourteen consecutive days. A Significant decrease in hyperglycemia, active regeneration of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, restoration of pancreatic architecture, increased level of glutathione and increased activi-ties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzyme were observed in the extract treated diabetic rats compared with the untreated diabetic rats. The leaf extract compared favourably with the standard antidiabetic drug, glibenclaimide. This result suggests that the leaf extract of Garcinia kola possesses antidiabetic activity possibly through antioxidant mechanism. This may have implication in herbal medicine.

Performance Evaluation of GSPEBH Based on Mean Average Precision []


Abstract The rapid growth in the volume of data has resulted to what is known as big data. This data are indexed for efficient retrieval in the cloud environment. Recently, attention of researchers is drawn to designing efficient indexing techniques searching schemes in the field of data mining, machine learning, pattern recognition, and object matching. ANN methods is needed for similarity search to reduce the computational complexity and memory requirements as against the straight forward techniques that uses exhaustive comparison. Hashing based indexing algorithms are gaining much attention due to their memory efficiency and search accuracy. However, the use of selective projections generation has shown to be inefficient due to the long code length. For an efficient indexing algorithm, we propose a Geo-similarity preserving embedding-based hashing algorithm for improving the search accuracy and memory cost. Extensive experiment is carried out GIST 1M dataset and evaluate the performance of our method and compared our result based on the mean average precision. The results shows that our method outperform-state-of-the-art techniques.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCE OF ELECTRICITY SERVICE DELIVERY PRIVATIsATION IN NIGERIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW []


The quest for the quality of life for people should be the ultimate desire for good governance. This is to relieve the poverty condition in pursuit of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). More so that the era of MDGs has ebbed out to give way for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) transformative 2030 agenda, it is imperative that whatsoever economic model, strategy and approach, embraced in this determination must not be at the expense of the citizens’ quality of life. Privatisation benefits the lives of citizens in the developed countries, where the provisions of goods and services deliveries succeeded and fostered equitable and egalitarian society. The reason for this was independent regulatory frameworks for proper monitoring and political transparency put in place to form enabling background for private investors to operate in. Nevertheless, the consequences of privatisation in Nigeria are not as intended, as the costs of services superseded its benefits, owing to some reasons the paper is out to discuss. As a literature review paper with its discussions predominantly based on secondary data sources on the conceptual issues, the paper seeks to explain the socio-economic consequence of electricity service delivery privatisation in Nigeria. Privatisation policy has been claimed to have adversely impinged on the quality of life of the populace, aggravating the poverty condition of people. Based on identified policy gap of non-harmonising of policies with the actual situation on the ground, this paper argues that the issues of social-economic impact were occasioned by the privatisation policy, identifying the inadequacies of this approach to service delivery of electricity. The paper finally recommends the necessity of comprehensive planning that takes into consideration certain factors that are fundamental to decision making, policy resolution and implementation in Nigeria.

Practical of the mammography in Cameroun []


The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of application of the recommendations as regards technique of mammography by the manipulators in the medical structures through the appreciation of the quality of the stages of realization and protection against radiation measurements and protection against the infections at the time the examination of mammography and the analysis the criteria of success on images of mammography.

Hybridity, Ambivalence and Mimicry in Postcolonial Algerian Novel []


The present work, at length, constitutes of a broad study on postcolonial literature where are underlined the concepts of ‘Ambivalence’, ‘Hybridity’ and ‘Mimicry’. These are mainly the literary devices most of which postcolonial writers made inclusive in their novels so as to show the reader to what extent the coloniser keeps on dehumanising the colonised and makes him deprived of his identity, his culture and his language. All too often, writers of this kind of literature actually targeted to shape the thoughts and assumptions of the Algerian people to ensure a thorough “prise de conscience” of the harsh of incessant social, cultural and linguistic effects in a neo-colonial era. We, therefore, and accordingly proceeded with a comparative study of the extracts from the above mentioned concepts from the following novels: Feraoun’s “Land and Blood”, Kateb Yacine’s “Nejma” and Mohamed Dib’s “La Grande Maison”. This was on the purpose to validate the convergence of the findings within the interpretation of different extracts which at the junction of this study would appear no divergence in their intents to express a negative attitude towards the coloniser. Hitherto, though these writers emphatically had distinctive individual, direct and determined styles and approaches to writing, their literature’s goal was to produce common sense and sensibility among the Algerian as well as a worldwide readership. This paper is, therefore, to highlight these writers’ aspirations which can be viewed as being the bias that describes their postcolonial literature using, hybridity, ambivalence and mimicry. yet, having one common concern which is the awakening of a national consciousness by producing a literature of denunciation and revolt against the colonial system.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE IFE/MODAKEKE CONFLICTS ON INTER GROUP RELATIONS IN NIGERIA – A RE-ASSESSMENT []


Contemporary Nigeria presents an excellent laboratory for the study of war and peculiar problems associated with the values, principles and dynamics of crisis prevention, management and resolution. There are also fundamental shortcomings in the areas of peace building. Nigeria transited from military dictatorship to multi-party democracy on the 29th May, 1999. The country has been bedeviled by various forms of violent communal conflicts since then. Thousands of people have lost their lives, many were maimed or displaced from their communities and even lost their properties as a result of these problems. While some of these conflicts had their roots in the past, others were manufactured by the elite, seeking to stretch the liberty inherent in the new democratic process in Nigeria. All these conflicts have continued to constitute a recurrent destabilizing factors and a serious impediment to the survival of democratic transition in the country. A major of these conflicts is the Ife/Modakeke conflict which took several dimensions and years; claiming so many lives and properties. The paper however examines the social and economic implications of this conflict not only on the two groups involved, but as well as the country in general. The work made use of both primary and secondary data.

DETERMINANTS OF PATIENT SATISFACTION AT PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITALS OF KARACHI []


Objective: This research article was aimed at finding out influence of various factors including physician and paramedic interaction, waiting time, diagnostic processes and hygienic conditions on patient satisfaction. Study Design: The study is explanatory is nature. Deductive approach was adopted whereby hypotheses were formulated followed by preparation of a research instrument i.e. a well-structured questionnaire for data collection. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Karachi and two leading hospitals i.e. Abbasi Shaheed and Jinnah Hospitals were taken as target population. For the study, data were collected from the hospitals from 12 to 26 June 2017. Patients and Methodology:Responses of 152 patients admitted in different departments of Abbasi Shaheed and Jinnah Hospitals were obtained. Patients who were admitted in different wards of the hospitals during 12 to 26 June 2017 were approached by adopting convenience sampling technique. To analyze the data, statistical tools, Pearson’s Correlation (to examine relationship of variables) and Regression (to test impact of IVs on DV) were used, with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22. Results: Results have revealed that out of the five independent variables, two (Paramedics Interactions and Hygienic Conditions) have significant impact on patient satisfaction since p value is less than .05 whereas remaining three (Physician Interaction, Waiting Time and Diagnostic Processes) do not have significant impact of patient satisfaction as p value is greater than .05 (Table-8). Besides, Correlation analysis indicates that all variables have varying degree of positive relationship with patient satisfaction. Conclusion: It is concluded that patient satisfaction is better with regard to paramedical interaction and hygienic conditions. However, patients are not satisfied with physician interaction, waiting time, diagnosis process. Taking benefits from the study, it is hoped that higher management of the hospitals shall evaluate their internal operative systems and take appropriate measures to improve hospital services and facilities for achieving greater patient satisfaction.

IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY FOR CROP MONITORING IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW []


Reliable information on crop statistics is vital for agricultural policy design and decision making. Diverse tools have been employed to achieve this aim. The utilization of satellite data for agricultural purposes has been well adapted. These applications include vegetation mapping, crop growth monitoring, crop yield prediction, crop disease assessment, stress detection, and component identification in plants, etc. The interest in Imaging Spectroscopy for agro–based applications is increasing. It is a promising approach that incorporates traditional imaging and spectroscopy in a single system to acquire spatial and spectral data jointly from a feature or an object. The current paper is a review of literatures on Imaging Spectroscopy for crop monitoring in Nigeria. Finally, this review demonstrates the fact that, combining both spectral and spatial information in one system, data acquired through Imaging Spectroscopy guarantees the ability to accurately classify different land feature types and even subclass types. Hence it is applicable in crop monitoring.

Age Effect on the Mechanical Properties of acid treated Yushania Alpine Bamboo Species. []


Age Effect on the Mechanical Properties of acid treated Yushania Alpine Bamboo Species. Dawit Tessema Ebissa, awwce2005@gmail.com Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion technology Institute, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. Bamboo has received increasing attention over the last two decades for its economic and environmental values. In Africa, Asia and Latin America, it is closely associated with indigenous culture and knowledge and is widely used for housing, forestry, agroforestry, agricultural activities and utensils. In countries undergoing economic development, traditional bamboo culture gradually disappears. However, industrial development of bamboo is offering a new opportunity to younger generations to retain and continue developing cultural traditions related to the cultivation, harvesting and use of bamboo. Ethiopia is one of the few countries in the world endowed with a vast bamboo resource base. The country has an estimated one million hectares of natural bamboo forest, 7% of the world total and 67% of the African total. There is large amount of bamboo distributed in both highland and lowland areas including areas not suitable for other plants. And also there is a new species ‘jiant bamboo’ that is cultivated under amhara agricultural research center. Currently these different bamboo species uses in the country as construction material, for making furniture, and as livestock fodder whereas, their mechanical properties are not characterized yet. Therefore in addition to these bamboo applications for advanced industrial development textile and other energy production all properties have to be characterized for researcher and users. To characterize, first the fiber is extracted with different extraction method. In this study, Yushania alpine species bamboo fiber at different age is extracted chemically(acid HCl tratment) in different concentration and then test their mechanical properties based on ASTM D3822-07 international fiber testing standard by using FAVIMAT FIBER TEST and finally Analysis the age effect on the mechanical properties of the bamboo fiber. Key Words: - Bamboo Plant, Yushania alpine species, Mechanical properties, age effect, acid treatment.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY []


Energy is a measure of system’s ability to do work. The need for energy in all sectors of life which include industry, transportation, hospital, home, etc, cannot be over-emphasized. This is because of its universal importance to mankind. The use of energy pervades every aspect of modern society but it is not efficiently used in many sectors of life. In view of this, there is an incessant increase in fuel costs; energy efficiency studies are thus rapidly becoming more important. Considering the population of Nigeria and quantity of power supply, there should be need for energy efficiency. This paper assesses alternative fuels, energy conservation, building design, appliances, industry and vehicles.

The practice of pharmacists In educating diabetic patients In Benghazi Hospitals []


The practice of pharmacists In educating diabetic patients In Benghazi Hospitals Mailud El-Amari, Hend. A. Mazani , Antisar Al-Abdlwanis, HadirGawili, Faculty of public health, University of Benghazi Correspondence : Email: mailudamari@gmail.com Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia .it is associated with abnormalities in carbohydrate ,fat and protein metabolism ,and result in chronic complication. The pharmacist is a very important member specially in drug giving instruction. descriptive cross-sectional study about education role of pharmacist as part of the health care provider in Libya health system institutions. The study was carried out among pharmacist working as full time and patients available and accept to participate in our study. The study include 151 of pharmasists and DM patients, coming for follow up in the DM clinics, we found gender 47.0% male & 53.0% female in different age groups about half from the age group of 40 –59 year old. Our present study show that pharmacist did not participate much in health education programs for patients in general and for DM specifically. While they think that the medication use time, and the dose should be explained to patient, due to the need for it.

A Study of “An American Brat” through Self Defense Mechanism []


One of the blame against Pakistani female fiction writers is that they have narrow view. They do not have multifarious themes at hand. They harp on the same string again and again. They just repeatedly vocalize their thoughts about patriarchy and male chauvinism. This study is conducted to show that this is not case all the time. This research relates that what kind of defense Mechanisms are used by characters created by Bapsi Sidhwa to evaluate the consequences of usage of these mechanisms in her novel An American Brat. Sigmund Freud’s defense mechanism theory is feasible to answer all such questions while delving into the personality of all major characters. Research shows that Feroza uses defense Mechanism to achieve the level of self-amendment. Feroza has led a hard and dreary life and she offers reasonable causes as to the mode of life she leads. Rationality and wisdom always helps her on her way. People use defense mechanisms to cope with uncertain conditions of life.

Possibility of Life in Titan []


Astrobiology, a branch of life science, has shown possibility of life in celestial bodies including titan. Titan comprises of earth-like dense nitrogen atmosphere and liquid methane on its surface which acts as solvent to interact molecules with movement. Carbon and nitrogen which is present in titan are the major components from which various life supporting complex molecules arises. Complex molecules like acrylonitrile, sugar, amino acids and many more are present there which is best candidate for protocell. The ultimate goal of our research is to detect methane-based oxygen-free life forms at such low temperature having different structure and metabolism than those which have been recognized yet. Azotosome, a nitrogen body, is capable of forming and functioning in liquid methane at cryogenic temperature may survive there. Like we have adapted ourselves to the environment of the Earth, may some aliens have adapted themselves to the environment of Titan making use of hydrocarbon as requisites of life. So, to disclose its mystery a space craft should be send. In a spacecraft, we might as well use spectroscopies and apply Bragg’s law and grating for the identification of molecules and structures on the surface through structural fingerprints and chemicals in all forms. Due to insulating icy surface, there is no heat transfer between core and atmosphere such that core may be warm. So, applying cryobot we can penetrate the icy crust to investigate life beneath the surface. Thus, titan has a huge possibility of life in a chemistry different than the Earth.

PRIMORDIAL ISSUES AND RECRUITMENT IN IMO STATE CIVIL SERVICE, NIGERIA []


The use of primordial factors of religious affiliation and political party loyalism in recruitment in Imo State Civil Service, Nigeria, were examined in this study. For the purpose of this study two hypotheses were formulated in line with the objective. Literatures were reviewed to determine what was done previously in the area, under study. The researcher chose a sample of 420 Civil Servants from selected ministries in Imo State Civil Service. Data for the study were collected through questionnaire, interview, and secondary sources. The data gathered were analyzed using tabular modes of presentation including frequencies and percentage, while the Chi-square (X2) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings showed that primordial issues of religious affiliation and political party loyalism affected workers recruitment in Imo State Civil Service. Therefore, the study recommended that there should be a reorientation and sensitization of the members of Service Commission members to the effect of the use of primordial issues in recruitment, that those guilty of this should be punished and examinations into civil service be conducted and published for transparency.

INTERLINKING PUBLIC SCHOOLS’ ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, PRINCIPALS’ LEADERSHIP STYLES AND PERFORMANCE []


The dissertation described the interlinking relationship of public secondary schools’ organizational culture, principals’ leadership styles and performance. The descriptive correlation design was used where a total of 84 schools in Region III served as main sources of data. Using three questionnaires adopted from the works Cameron and Quinn (2011), Bass and Avolio (2004), and Juliano (2017), answers to the questions were sought. The study found out that the schools’ overall culture was a mixture of the four archetypes with most emphases on a people – centered environment. Clan was the dominant culture in four of six key dimensions of the actual situation, and was also the most favored in the preferred settings. It was also revealed that the schools’ actual and preferred cultures are congruent, thus, there was no obvious necessity to introduce a new mix of culture. Findings also postulated that most of the principals had fairly often or highly practiced transformational and transactional leadership while sometimes or moderately exhibiting laissez faire style. The principals were also rated very satisfactory in their performance on school leadership, management and operations. Ultimately, it was proven that significant interlinking relationships do exist among the public secondary schools’ organizational culture, the principals’ leadership styles and their performance. Primarily, it was found that clan culture, transformational leadership style, and leadership performance have significant positive correlation. Consequently, implications to Educational Management were drawn based from the salient findings of the study. Principals, as educational leaders, have the ultimate responsibility to shape the cultures and be shaped by the cultures of their schools. They set the directions of the schools, and are basically responsible in the overall management operations of their schools. This implies that the principals should be mindful that no single best leadership style applies in every situation. Thus, it is critical for them to have a thorough understanding of the leadership style behaviors that are most appropriate in different circumstances in order to create or shape a positive school culture, thus, achieve optimum performance.