INDEPENDENCE OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF CONGO ( BCC), STABILIZATION OF INFLATION AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: EMPIRICAL VERIFICATION [PDF] ÉMILIENNE ILANGA BONGENGELE, FRANCK DUNDA MATUKUMANGO, HUGUES MUSAKA BABABO
The search for the stabilization of inflation and the revival of activity remain until now among the major concerns of all Governments in the world, including that of the DR.Congo. To achieve this, the consensus today is forming around the independence of Central banks, considered one of the particularly effective mechanisms for monetary stabilization and the revival of activity. This is what justifies the consecration of the independence of the Central Bank of Congo ( BCC, in acronym) since 2001. From the above, the object of this paper consisted of the empirical verification of the effectiveness of the monetary policy of the BCC after its independence. After examination, it appears overall that the results of the independence of the BCC remain mixed; and in most cases, this mechanism remains ineffective in itself. Indeed, it has proven effective only in cases where it was supported by other mechanisms, in this case, programs and efforts to stabilize the macroeconomic framework that we encourage. In other situations, however it was ineffective.
Social Work in Crisis Response and Disaster Recovery: A Comparative study of Best Practices and Lessons Learned. [PDF] Anomneze , Doris Ijeoma
This comparative study explores the pivotal role of social work in crisis response and disaster recovery, focusing on best practices and lessons learned from various global contexts. Social workers are integral to disaster response teams, providing essential services such as emergency support, counseling, and long-term recovery planning. By examining case studies from diverse geographical regions affected by natural disasters, pandemics, and other crises, this study highlights effective strategies employed by social workers to address immediate needs and facilitate sustainable recovery. The study identifies several best practices, including community-based approaches, inter-agency collaboration, and the incorporation of mental health services into disaster response frameworks. Additionally, the research underscores the importance of ongoing training and professional development for social workers to enhance their skills in emergency preparedness and response. Lessons learned from the comparative analysis emphasize the necessity of proactive planning, including the development of comprehensive disaster response plans that integrate social work services. The study also highlights the significance of fostering community resilience through empowerment and capacity-building initiatives. By documenting these insights, the research aims to inform policymakers, social work educators, and practitioners about improving crisis response and disaster recovery efforts. In conclusion, this study advocates for the continued investment in social work as a critical component of disaster management strategies, underscoring its value in promoting holistic recovery and resilience in affected communities. The findings contribute to a broader discourse on improving global disaster preparedness and response systems through the integration of social work best practices
Keywords: Crisis response, Disaster recovery, Social work, Best practices, Lessons learned, Community resilience, Emergency preparedness
Determination of drinking water quality of different schools ( Private and government in) chawinda [PDF] Fatima naseer
Only 20% of Pakistan's population has access to clean drinking water, forcing the remaining 80% to make do with contaminated water. Every human being needs access to safe and clean water. Human consumption of water requires that it should be uncontaminated by physical, chemical, or biological agents. However, it does occasionally happen that human or natural activity can contaminate groundwater and surface water. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of the drinking water. An analysis of the drinking water was done in the town of Chawinda in the Sialkot district. Total 60 samples from private and government schools were collected.
In the laboratory, physiochemical measures (pH, turbidity, TSS, TDS, fluorides, chlorides, total hardness, and fecal coliform) were compared to Pakistani national drinking water quality requirements and WHO guidelines. Most of the samples had pH values between 6.5 and 8.5, with the government school having the highest pH measurement of 8.55. The turbidity value fell between that of public and private schools. Additionally, the government schools' TSS and TDS values exceeded the recommended threshold. The maximum total hardness value found at the government school was 327 mg/L. Some samples had chlorides over the 250–288 mg/L range, which was not below it. Fluoride levels stayed between 1.5 and 2 mg/l; only a small percentage of private school samples were above the upper limit. The There was a finding of fecal coliform in government schools. Questionnaire survey was used for primary data collection. Respondent size of 200 with age group between 7-15 of grade 5,6 and 7 participated in questionnaire survey from private and government schools. And type of questionnaire is dichotomous questions. Fecal coliform in drinking water suggests that there may be an underground sewage pipe leak causing the unclean water to contaminate the drinking water. These elements are not safe for human consumption as they cause a variety of health impacts including nausea, lung irritation. Consumption of water with high level of TDS for a longer period of time can cause chronic health conditions like cancer and nervous system disorders. It was determined that drinking water needed to be treated because several of the metrics weren't within the acceptable range.
