Volume 10, Issue 3, March 2022 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

[1]  [2]  [3]  [4]  [5]  [6]

The Ignored Tears of Religious Minority Group in Ethiopia: The case in West Arsi Zone []


Religious minority groups suffer a substantially for tragedies they are not liable. In West Arsi Zone, disorders give rise to unforgettable pain on individuals from religious minority group. The paper argues that, religious freedom of minority group is being violated all times. They are subjected to attack in each day due their religious identity, with overlapped ethnic background. Governments was “deliberately” passive & systematically been in alliance with (the majoritarian). Absence of comprehensive legal and institutional framework all over the country is the other grief issue showing how minority group are ignored. Those perpetrators and negligent officials are with a blind eye aren’t held liable. Thus, security and religious freedom of minorities ensuring not privilege but at least minimum level of equality is far away to realize. Justice institutions such as the court, public prosecutor office and police office fail to discharge fully their corresponding responsibility

A Literature Review: Analysis of Conditions in Libya Pre and Post the Arab Spring Revolution []


The Arab Spring Revolution was an act of protest that occurred in the Middle East due to the suppression of government and democracy system, taking away the freedom and rights of the people. The tyrannical government was protested by its citizens on a large scale in order to be overthrown. The Arab Spring revolution which occurred in Libya was a group of people who opposed the government so that they carried out a revolution in order to the government could be replaced and overthrown. Muammar Gadaffi was the leader of the Libyan tyranny who served for 42 years and finally succeeded in stepping down due to the Arab Spring revolution carried out by the majority of the Libyan people. After the revolution, Libya's conditions and situation are no longer the same, especially in terms of security. This research uses a literature study approach and takes secondary data then being analyzed. Secondary data is taken from scientific articles published on the internet that discuss conflicts in the Middle East, especially in Libya.

PROVISION OF SOYBEAN OIL AS SOURCE OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS IN CATFISH (CLARIAS SP.) BIOFLOC []


Omega-3 is one type of essential fatty acid that has many benefits for human health, helping cognitive development, immune system, and metabolism. Provision of soybean oil to catfish feed can be an alternative to increase the content of Omega-3 fatty acids in catfish. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration in feeding with the addition of soybean oil to increase levels of omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications, which tested were vari-ous additions of soybean oil in the feed, namely treatment A (0%); B (2%); C (4%); and D (6%). The study was conducted for 30 days in biofloc ponds and fed 3% of the weight of the biomass. The results showed that the use of soybean oil as much as 4% had a significant effect on the increase in Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA in catfish by 25 (EPA) and 89.5 (DHA) with a growth rate value of 1.10 ± 0.008.

Monetary Policy Controls and Banking Sector Soundness Empirical Evidence with Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Ardl) In Nigeria. []


This study assessed the impact of monetary policy tools on the soundness of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. Time series data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin from 1990-2020. The dependent variable is banking soundness (FS) as proxied by return on assets in the Nigerian banking sector. The independent variables were: RR (Reserve requirements), MR (Discount rates proxied with monetary policy rates), DW (Discount window), OMO (Open market operation proxied with treasury bill assets of banks). Aggregate credit to the private sector was used as control variable. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and parsimonious vector error correction model were used to conduct the investigations and analysis. The empirical findings revealed that all the monetary policy tools had positive and significant impact on banking sector soundness. The study concludes that monetary policy has significant effect on the financial soundness of the Nigerian banking sector as measured by return on assets of deposit money banks both in the short and in the long run. From the findings, the study recommends that interest rates and liquidity policies should be the dominant policy tool in the monetary policy tool kit of the Central Bank of Nigeria.

ENGINE ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULE (ECM): AN INSTRUCTIONAL MOCK-UP DEVELOPMENT []


This research study on electronic control module (ECM) is an output that provides detailed components on a mechanical study that showcase the combination and connectivity with the aid of a computer. An exploratory study of the Mechanical and Electronic Engineering students of Tagoloan Community College. It defines different functions that facilitate the link between system and sub-systems as an instrument for the engine to navigate and be ready for functional challenges. Settings, alignment, and including the positioning of the system is somewhat sophisticated as it adheres to the standard of the requisites and fits different functions and measurements. Its technical configuration in meeting set standards is very tremendous since its operation can become risky and causes disaster if any of the subsystems derailed the optimum intention for every mechanical project. The electronic control module (ECM) is a combination of digital and computerized aided backed by an analog that can meet or exceed the competition level in terms of performance. This electronic control module is designed with the sole intention and adherence to safety regulation as it is tested using the prescribed set of standards. Its connectivity requires stability to surface the different types of environment including the uphill and rugged terrain. Thus, the ECM modification and enhancement will guarantee an assurance of engine sustainability when it comes to operations and performance.

The study of coprecipitation of heavy organics from crude oil []


ABSTRACT Heavy organics exist in crude oil mixtures in various proportions . the separation of these four organics into four popular fractions; Saturates, Aromatics, Resins and Asphaltenes commonly referred to as SARA has been highlighted. Coprecipitation of heavy organics can occur due to the variation of factors such as temperature, pressure and composition in the oil fields. Such occurrence has been recognized to be the most problematic in the oil industriies as it causes the plugging of pipelines and reservoirs, fouling of production facilities and poisoning of refinery catalysts. The role of solvent precipitation as a solution technique to heavy organic coprecipitation and deposition has been highlighted. A modified version of ASTM D6560 laboratory test method has been described for small scale coprecipitation of heavy organics. Usage of n-pentane (C5), n-octane (C8) , and n-dodecane (C12) as precipitating solvents showed that C5, C8, and C12 n-alkane solvents gave percentage precipitate yields of 9.11, 3.24 and1.28 respectively. The results showed that the quantity of precipitates decreased as the carbon number of the n-alkane solvents increased. Keyword; Coprecipitation, Heavy organics, Crude oil, n-alkanes etc.

Unpacking the drivers of electronic business in Zimbabwe []


The study unpacked the drivers of electronic business in Zimbabwe. The research adopted a qualitative method. The research design used was descriptive. The study used Zoom meetings to gather data. The study revealed that the main drivers to electronic business are the organisational readiness, solid technology and enabling government policies. The study therefore recommended that organisations and the government should implement policies that support digital economy.

Review on Genetics and Breeding of Potato []


Among root and tuber crops in Ethiopia, potato ranks first in volume produced and consumed followed by Cassava, Sweet potato and Yam and little is known concerning the genetic behavior of some of the most important characters of the potato. Weak progress in potato breeding is illustrated by many potato cultivars still lacking adequate levels of disease resistances and quality improvement, although these traits are needed and available in the potato germplasm. Traditional potato breeding for quantitative traits is mainly executed using phenotypic selection because the identification and mapping of genes involved in these quantitative traits have not yet resulted in validated genetic markers. Genetic resources of potato conserved through storage of tubers, in vitro plants and in cryopreservation. Since nature of potato (tetraploid) breeding on is challenging one.

Liver metastasis mimicking liver abscesses []


An 86 year old male presented with right upper quadrant pain,fever and malaise. Ultrasonography and CT scan showed hypodense lesions suggestive of liver abscesses. However, FNAC revealed it to be metastasis.

Vérification empirique de la neutralité de la monnaie en République Démocratique du Congo []


The neutrality of money leads to multiple controversies in economic analysis, depending on whether it is a question of classical or neoclassical economists, Keynesians or monetarists, or of new orientations in economic analysis. However, in order to contextualize these different controversies, it is necessary to conduct empirical analyses. The present analysis is in line with this framework. After econometric modeling of the ARIMA specification, we arrived at conclusions of the classical type, i.e., in the Congolese economy, money has no influence on production, either in the short or long term. This is the neutrality of money in the short and long run.

Biosynthesis of Nanomaterials Using Natural Products []


Extracellular biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by a simple biological procedure using coriander, curry, mint and tulsi extracts as the reducing agent. The aqueous silver ions when exposed to each leaf extract are reduced and resulted in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles in the size range from either 300–800 nm or 200- 800 nm. The silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD). This eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of nanoparticles is simple, amenable for large scale commercial production and technical applications

EVOLVING AN EFFECTIVE DUMPSITE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR A BETTER WASTE MANAGEMENT IN RIVERS STATE []


This paper discusses conditions of Rivers State dumpsites, the activities involved, methods used as well as Best Available Technologies (BAT) for solid waste dumpsites in Britain that may be applied in the state. It then compares the two systems of solid waste disposal and observed that there is urgent need to change from dumpsites as solid waste disposal structures to sanitary landfill, as is the case with the civilized world. The waste dump system practiced in the Rivers State has been identified as one of the culprits in the increase of water bone diseases in the state; diarrheas, dysentery, typhoid fever, cholera, “sweetie”, etc have been linked to surface and ground water pollutions from solid waste dump Leach ate in the Port Harcourt Metropolis. It was also observed that solid waste and dumpsites are responsible for the perceived change of the nature of Port Harcourt from Garden City to Garbage City. This garbage nature can be reversed to the original garden city if and when the Rivers State adopts the embraces the use of sanitary Landfill for ultimate solid waste disposal, historical facts from those who have used the system for over a century. It is therefore recommended that modern landfill site management approach be adopted in all solid waste dumpsite in the Rivers State as a mean of evolving effective dumpsite management for the state.

Design Anaylsis of a Solar Power System for the Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University []


The aim of this project was to design a solar system for the Faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. To achieve the aim, energy audit, battery sizing, charge controller sizing, inverter sizing, and photovoltaic system sizing were carried out. The results of the design for the system to have a single day of autonomy showed a total energy requirement of 908,264WHr, which would require a 360V, 1000AH nominal battery; 988 PV panels of 360W each; 250KVA rated inverter; 6 charge controllers rated 180A/200A each; panel coverage area of 1,615.855m^2. Also, the Installation was estimated to cost 110,802.000. It was recommended that the government should encourage the use of solar PV home systems by providing financial assistance through soft loans, as well as the research be used to aid understanding on design process.

A STUDY ON SPECIAL BACK FILLING MATERIAL WITH LOW THERMAL RESISTIVITY ENHANCING INCREASE IN CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF HV/MV CABLES BY SAFE DISIPPATION OF HEAT []


A study on the proposal made by consultant for the advancement of a particular backfill material for the safe dissipation of heat generated by high voltage and medium voltage buried cables. This will increase the current carrying capacity of electricity cables for UAE electrical utilities companies . The current application of red dune sand can reduce thermal resistance by 35%, increasing cable ratings by 9%-18%. The goal of the study by consultant was to investigate the feasibility of backfilling materials with a thermal resistivity of 1.0 Km/W or less and produced with locally available material(s) in UAE , in order to increase the current carrying capacity of MV cables by 10-15%. By using a special backfill material for trenches for medium voltage cables, such ratings can be raised economically and safely in medium voltage cable trenches. A backfill material with reduced thermal resistivity can be designed, created and tested in an actual medium voltage cable trench.

Exploring Passive Design Techniques to Achieve Energy Efficiency in Regional Shopping Mall Design []


Abstract Shopping Malls are high-end energy consumer in terms of scale of size and immerse footprint including the embedded retail activities requiring both functional and energy efficient strategies to achieve an indoor environment conducive to the teaming end users. However, considering the climatic disposition and geography of the project. This study intends to explore and apply passive design techniques to achieve energy-efficiency in the design of a regional shopping mall in such climate. Nigeria is confronted with a number of energy issues, including the inability to generate enough energy to fulfill the country's energy demands. The passive approach and other energy efficient strategies is here considered suitable in developing buildings that consume a lesser amount of energy. It is expected that energy efficiency may be accomplished by making the most use of existing renewable energy sources and other energy efficient appliances used in shopping malls and other public buildings. The use of materials and construction processes to aid designers and builders in generating designs at a lower cost and higher output, propelling the building industry to a new sustainable heights, is the thrust of this paper. Passive techniques are used to achieve ecologically friendly built environment and that of the future. Keywords: Shopping mall, Climate, Passive design techniques, Materials

Personal Branding – A differentiator between successful and mediocre entrepreneurs in the South African education and training industry []


We are living is very exciting times characterised by advanced technology, easy and fast means of communication, the globe that has been metamorphosed into a global village, shopping that is no longer confined to brick and mortar boundaries but that is now online, inter alia. This new environment, whilst exciting, is fraught with a plethora of benefits and challenges and in addition to these phenomena, there is an introduction of serious competition where competitors are no longer just local but have become, national, regional, continental and global. With the advent of new dynamics introduced by a changed environment, personal branding and self-development play a pivotal role in elevating entrepreneurs and their businesses to higher pedestals. It is imperative for any entrepreneur or leader to master a skill of developing a personal branding programme in a strategic way. This research leads to the development of a strategic personal branding model that entrepreneurs in South Africa can utilise to create a personal brand. Following some simple steps, entrepreneurs aspiring to be successful in their businesses can have more opportunities and a better positioning in their entrepreneurial activity. The study will first follow a literature review of relevant works in personal branding theory. The second objective of the study is to present the model developed by the researcher, which will be used, by entrepreneurs in South Africa, in creating a personal branding plan. The study is based on a cross-sectional observation research method, conducted on a sample of 50 entrepreneurs in the education and training industry, in Gauteng province, within South Africa. The results identified the needs and aspirations of entrepreneurs who demonstrated a serious lack of knowledge on matters of personal branding but at the same time willing to implement a personal branding strategy. The study came up with a model that any aspiring entrepreneur can apply in order to have a personal brand that benefits the business.

Determinants de la Prise en Charge des Retraites de la Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale (Duk /Nord) dans la Commune de la Gombe, Kinshasa. []


Social security is the set of legislative and administrative measures which aim to guarantee individuals and families against certain risks, called social risks. Or it is all the administrative bodies responsible for applying this advice. The main purpose of our study is to isolate the determinants that influence the care of retirees from the National Social Security Fund (CNSS). This is a quantitative approach to the correlational descriptive level that was conducted with all CNSS pensioners in Kinshasa, 103 of whom were obtained in a simple random way. The survey method, supported by the semi-structured interview technique using a survey questionnaire as a data collection instrument, allowed us to collect the necessary information in this study. After the analyses, the results show that the majority of retirees, 82.5%, are not well taken care of by the CNSS. The factors associated with this care were the level of study (p 0.031), the minimum income for insertion (p 0.023), the care of illnesses (p 0.023), chronic illness (p 0.029). Furthermore, the analyzes carried out did not show significant differences with respect to the rest of the variables

Perception and Representation of Criminal Abortions by Adolescent Girls in the Commune of Nsele, City of Kinshasa []


The goal is to understand the perception and representation of criminal abortions by adolescent girls. Our study attempts to understand the perception and representation of clandestine abortions by adolescent girls in the commune of Nsele, in the city of Kinshasa. This study addresses a qualitative estimate in the phenomenological approach, therefore, we used the naturalistic paradigm with narrative data, subjective and non-quantifiable facts. From the central thematic analysis, the following emerges: Perception of criminal abortion: The analysis of this sub-theme has made it possible to identify two different categories below: Motivational factors for criminal abortion: adolescent girls invoke as motivating factors at criminal abortions Lack of means to bear the burden of pregnancy, irresponsibility of the partner responsible for pregnancy, pressure from parents and lack of information; Consideration of the girl who has a clandestine abortion: The adolescent girls interviewed consider a girl who has had a clandestine abortion as a murderer, witch and prostitute. On the Representation of Criminal Abortions: Teenage girls represent criminal abortion as An act swaddled with complications that can lead to sterility and death and an act transgressing the law of GOD. As for the strategies of fight, the teenagers propose to the young girls (their pairs) to use the methods of family planning to avoid the pregnancy And to follow the councils near the disabled people in the matter. But it is up to the Congolese State to ensure regular control in the structures to identify and punish those who abort and those who facilitate abortion and prohibit the sale of abortive drugs to young girls.

Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC), a food security threat and livelihood crisis faced by the communities in Bulilima Rural District, Matebeleland South Province, Zimbabwe. []


Bulilima Rural District which is situated in ecological region 4 and 5 of Matebeleland South Province Zimbabwe has 22 administrative wards, 19 761 households and a population of of 101 251 people that are threatened with food insecurity, hunger and poverty as a result of the destruction of their crops, fields, infrastructure, depredation of their livestock, physical injury and potential loss of life due to Human-Wildlife Confict. With a community that has a lot of young children this is a precarious situation as they are endangered thereby altering their activity patterns. The District is a beneficiary of the Command agriculture program, Pfumvudza program and the Presidential agricultural input scheme in a bid to ameliorate the effects of climate change, poverty and hunger. However, these noble initiatives are greatly threatened by Human-Wildlife Conflict which bedevils Bulilima Rural District. The District is faced by 8 Problem Animal Species which range from Baboons (Papio cynocephalus), Buffalo (Syncerus caffer), Elephants (Loxodonta africana), Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibus), Hyena (Crocuta crocuta), Jackal (Canis aureus linnaeus), Leopard (Panthera pardus) and Lion (Panthera leo). The data was obtained from the Human-Wildlife Conflict reports submitted to Bulilimangwe Rural District Council and the Zimbabwe National Parks Plumtree office that deals with Problem Animal Control (PAC). These reports on Human-Wildlife Conflict incidences in each and every ward were collected and collated on an ad libitum basis by 22 ward Natural Resources Monitors working with the Village Natural Resources Monitors. The data consists of 400 Human-Wildlife Conflict repoted cases of which only 173 (43.3%) were attended to. A total of 113.3 ha of cultivated field crops were destroyed by wildlife presenting a huge food insecurity crisis. The implications of each problem animal species (PAS) on food security and livelihoods of the Bulilima district communities was highlighted and a Human-Wildlife Conflict mitigation Strategy was proposed in the promulgation of mitigation strategies. The PAS control strategies applied by the communities were highlighted and discussed. It can be concluded that the Human-Wildlife Conflicct in Bulilima Rural District presents a dire situation requires urgent attention and requisite policies promulgated and mitigation strategies employed to curb a potentially catastrophic situation.It is quite clear that a holistic approach in addressing this scenario is critical as both the animal and ecosystems need the appropriate management that will then ultimately bring a balance which will ensure that the lives and livelihoods of the humans are secured in conserving wildlife to bring a peaceful co-existence to Mangwe Rural District communities and wildlife.

Livestock ‘killing’ and depredation by wildlife and its implications on the Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) mitigation and the livelihoods in Bulilima Rural District, Matebeleland South Province, Zimbabwe. []


Bulilima Rural District which is situated in ecological region 4 and 5 of Matebeleland South Province Zimbabwe has 22 administrative wards, 147 villages, 19 761 households and a population of of 101 251 people that are threatened with food insecurity, hunger and poverty as a result of the destruction of their crops, fields, infrastructure, depredation of their livestock, physical injury and potential loss of life due to Human-Wildlife Confict. With a community that has a lot of young children this is a precarious situation as they are endangered thereby altering their activity patterns. The District is a beneficiary of the Command agriculture program, Pfumvudza program and the Presidential agricultural input scheme in a bid to ameliorate the effects of climate change, poverty and hunger. However, these noble initiatives are greatly threatened by Human-Wildlife Conflict which bedevils Bulilima Rural District. The District is faced by 7 Problem Animal Species which kill and depredate livestock and threaten human life. These include Baboons (Papio cynocephalus), Elephants (Loxodonta africana), Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibus), Hyena (Crocuta crocuta), Jackal (Canis aureus linnaeus), Leopard (Panthera pardus) and Lion (Panthera leo). The data which consists of 400 Human-Wildlife Conflict repoted cases were obtained from the Human-Wildlife Conflict reports submitted to Bulilimangwe Rural District Council and the Zimbabwe National Parks Plumtree office that deals with Problem Animal Control (PAC). These reports on Human-Wildlife Conflict incidences in each and every ward were collected and collated on an ad libitum basis by 22 ward Natural Resources Monitors working with the Village Natural Resources Monitors from 147 villages. A total of 113.3 ha of cultivated field crops were destroyed by wildlife presenting a huge food insecurity crisis and of the 400 Human-Wildlife Conflict repoted cases only 173 (43.3%) were attended to.one life was lost, 1 injured and a total of 168 livestock animals (58 cattle; 29 donkeys; 86 goats) were lost in Bulilima District between the period 2018-2021, The implications of each problem animal species (PAS) on food security and livelihoods of the Bulilima district communities was highlighted and a Human-Wildlife Conflict mitigation Strategy was proposed in the promulgation of mitigation strategies. The PAS control strategies applied by the communities were highlighted and discussed. It can be concluded that the Human-Wildlife Conflicct in Bulilima Rural District presents a dire situation requires urgent attention and requisite policies promulgated and mitigation strategies employed to curb a potentially catastrophic situation.It is quite clear that a holistic approach in addressing this scenario is critical as both the animal and ecosystems need the appropriate management that will then ultimately bring a balance which will ensure that the lives and livelihoods of the humans are secured in conserving wildlife to bring a peaceful co-existence to Bulilima Rural District communities and wildlife.

Livestock ‘killing’ and depredation by wildlife and its implications on the livelihoods in Mangwe Rural District, Matebeleland South Province, Zimbabwe. []


Mangwe Rural District which is situated in ecological region 4 and 5 of Matebeleland South Province Zimbabwe has 17 wards and 65 villages, 13 806 households and a population of of 67 005 people that are threatened with food insecurity, hunger and poverty as a result of the destruction of their crops, fields, infrastructure, depredation of their livestock, physical injury and potential loss of life due to wildlife. The District community also encounters big and venomous snakes which enter their homes and at times bite their pets and eat their chickens. With a community that has a lot of young children this is a precarious situation as they are endangered thereby altering their activity patterns. The District is a beneficiary of the Command agriculture program, Pfumvudza program and the Presidential input scheme in a bid to ameliorate the effects of climate change. However, these noble initiatives are greatly threatened by Human-Wildlife Conflict which bedevils Mangwe Rural District. The District is faced by 9 Problem Animal Species which range from Baboons (Papio cynocephalus), Elephants (Loxodonta africana), Kudu (Tragelaphus strepsciceros), Jackal (Canis aureus linnaeus), Hyena (Crocuta crocuta), Bushpig (Potamochoerus larvatus), Quelea birds (Quelea quelea) and several Snake species. The data was obtained from the Human-Wildlife Conflict reports submitted to Mangwe Rural District Council and the Zimbabwe National Parks Plumtree office that deals with Problem Animal Control (PAC). These reports on Human-Wildlife Conflict incidences in every ward were collected and collated on an ad libitum basis. The implications of each problem animal species (PAS) on food security and livelihoods of the Mangwe district communities were highlighted and a Human-Wildlife Conflict mitigation framework was proposed in the promulgation of mitigation strategies. It can be concluded that the Human-Wildlife Conflicct in Mangwe Rural District requires urgent attention and requisite policies promulgated and mitigation strategies employed to curb a potentially catastrophic situation. It is quite clear that a holistic approach in addressing this scenario is critical as both the animal and ecosystems need the appropriate management that will then ultimately bring a balance which will ensure that the lives and livelihoods of the humans are secured in conserving wildlife to bring a peaceful co-existence to Mangwe Rural District communities and wildlife.

LA GESTION DES REVENUS DE LA REDEVANCE MINIERE PAR LES ENTITES TERRITORIALES DECENTRALISEES ET SON IMPACT SUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT LOCAL AU SUD-KIVU []


La gestion et la distribution des revenus issus de la redevance minière en RDC suscitent un débat et la grille de répartition qui est légalement établie. La problématique majeure est de convertir les opportunités qu'offrent le secteur minier en véritable levier de croissance et de développement économique et social du pays, plus particulièrement des populations vivant dans les zones minières. La réalité montre que les priorités des populations locales des zones minières ne cadrent pas forcément avec celles des ETD dont la gestion et la répartition posent des défis énormes et ne revêtent aucun impact sur son affectation légal. Ce papier tente de faire une analyse descriptive de l’affectation des 15% de la redevance minière générée par les ETD au Sud-Kivu afin de comprendre le niveau de la redevabilité et de contrôle citoyen. Pour pallier aux défis afin que ces fonds contribuent au développement local, il sera important de repenser la gestion tripartite et/ou collégiale à travers un arrêté interministériel qui définit clairement son affectation rien qu’au développement.

The Battle on Fake News: A Qualitative Study on Misinformation on Vaccination among the Residents of Surallah, Philippines []


Background: Fake news and misinformation are rampant in social media, and both are often blamed as the cause of the depletion of worldwide rates in terms of immunization and also resulted of vaccine hesitancy. With this, refusal to vaccination is addressed as one of the top 10 health threats around the world. Objectives: The study aims to identify the misinformation that the respondents have stated regarding vaccination in Surallah, Philippines, determine the experiences encountered by the respondents about misinformation on vaccination, and determine the strategies and interventions executed by the respondents in the community after hearing or reading about vaccine misinformation. Methodology: Phenomenological Qualitative Research design was used in the study. Purposive non-random sampling technique was utilized in selecting the respondents. The study participants were the 20 selected residents, following the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Inclusion criteria included participants who are a resident of Surallah, possess any kind of media platforms, ages 18-70, and residents who have encountered news about vaccination from unreliable news articles based on the list of verified and reliable sources provided by the researchers. Exclusion criteria included those who are not residents of Surallah, ages below 18 and ages above 70, and with a medical condition that will hinder them from participating in the study. Scheduled virtual interview using zoom platform were conducted for data gathering. The eight (8) Urban Barangays were chosen in the Municipality of Surallah, which are the following: Centrala, Colongulo, Dajay, Lambontong, Lamian, Libertad (Poblacion), Tubi-Ala, Veterans. Results: The findings of the study demonstrated that most of the fake news regarding vaccination that can be heard and read are about the exaggerated unpleasant side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine. Furthermore, the study showed that the sources of fake news and misinformation on vaccination are frequently obtained from social media and people react differently with these information and that the misinformation that were spread are exaggerated and it affects the relationship of the respondents with other people even with the professionals in a negative level. Additionally, the study revealed that the most effective intervention to combat fake news is to talk to health professionals for information and visit credible websites such as the DOH and WHO on the subject of vaccination. Conclusion: In conclusion, there were several claims of the effects of vaccines which are exaggerated and that these claims negatively affected the relationship of respondents with their family, friends, health professionals, and persons in authority. The respondents in this study presented different kinds of reactions upon hearing fake news on vaccination such as anger, humiliation, and disappointment.

The Effectiveness Of Collaborative Telemedicine Among Diabetic Patients in Koronadal City, South Cotabato []


The effectiveness of collaborative telemedicine among diabetic patients in Koronadal City, South Cotabato was a quasi-experimental study that aimed to determine the sociodemographic profile, diabetic factor, and the significant difference between the treatment and control group. Collaborative telemedicine helped improve the quality of treatment and created trust among patients while at home. This was to provide a more convenient, efficient, and safest way to monitor health status to their medical doctors. The study chose twenty Type 2 diabetic patients by use of purposive sampling. The respondents were divided into two groups-- the treatment and the control group. The treatment group underwent telemedicine intervention and periodic monitoring. The control group followed the standard consultation. Gender, age, education level, marital status, years diagnosed, HbA1c Level, comorbidities, medication adherence, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and medication used were measured and compared before and after the intervention. The results of the quasi-experimental process showed that there was statistically significant difference in medication adherence and diastolic BP of the intervention group compared to the control group. Although most diabetic factors were not statistically significant, the reduction in the HbA1c of the treatment group was greater compared to the control group resulting in improved diabetic management in three (3) months. This study demonstrated that telemedicine was effective, feasible, and acceptable to Type 2 diabetic patients of Koronadal City, South Cotabato, Philippines. The results showed that diabetic patients under the treatment group with periodic monitoring, constant reminders, and pharmaceutical care from pharmacists can decrease HbA1c levels, BMI, and increase medication adherence among Type 2 diabetic patients.