Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2020 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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Biological Activities and Industrial Production of Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid) []


Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) naturally originates from a glycoside known as salicin and is essentially regarded as the oldest and most widely used drug in the world. The demand for aspirin as an effective drug in the pharmaceutical industry is in the increased. Medically, the drug has been spotted as one that is effective in ameliorating fever, general pain and inflammation. It has both ester and carboxylic acid functional groups. Industrially produced aspirin mainly comes in different forms; tablets, capsules and liquid elixir. The tablet form is the most common and is the subject of this review. This review looks at the chemistry of aspirin, it functions in the human body as a bioactive compound and how it is produced industrially.

Spectrum of Congenital Heart Diseases in Children with Down Syndrome in Ejdybia, Libya []


AbstractDown Syndrome:- Is by far the most common and best known chromosomal disorder in humans. Aim of Study:- to define the frequency and patterns of Congenital heart disease among children with Down syndrome in Ejdabyia North eastern of Libya. Patients & Methods:- this is prospective descriptive study include all phenotypic down syndrome children referred to Echo department at AL-Mugref Teaching Hospital, Ejdybia North eastern of Libya. from 1\4\12019 to 31\8\2020 total 50 case aged between 2 day to 8 years and verbal consent was taken from guardiants of all participants using GE Vivid S5 Echo Machine. Data was analyzed using Excel spread sheets. Results:- out of 813 cases 50 (6.1%) case were down syndrome included in our study. 29 (58%) of them were female and 21 (42%) were male with Female : Male ratio 1.3: 1. 46 (92%) of cases have congenital heart disease. where 40 (87%) have single cardiac defect & the most common defect was AV Canal 27 (54%) case & other form include ASD 6 (12%), VSD 3 (6%), PDA 3(6%) and TOF 1 (2%). the combined lesions were present in 6 (13%) cases include 3(6%) (TOF+ AV Canal) and 3 (6%) (VSD+ ASD+ PDA). Conculsion:- Highly prevalence of CHDs among Down syndrome patients with Female dominance. AV Canal was the most common Congenital Heart lesions. So, important to early referral and screening for CHDs in DS. Key Ward:- Down Syndrome, CHDs.

TRANSNATIONAL BUSINESSES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SUB SAHARA AFRICA (1999 – 2018) []


The study identified that the main reason for the suboptimal economic growth rate and development in Nigeria is home-made due to political instability and government regulations and misguided economic policies, insecure property rights, geographical location, language barrier, unemployment, poverty, shortage of skilled labour, and low level of technological development despite the efforts of the economic activities of Transnational businesses in the country and its growing presence in her core sectors. In view of these, the research sought to examine the extent of relationship between Gross Domestic Product and Foreign Direct Investments inflow in Nigeria. The study was anchored on New Trade Theory propounded by Tejvannne and Pettinger in 2013 and Internalization Theory by John Harry Dunning in 1977, descriptive research and correlational survey design was employed in the study while data were sourced mainly from secondary sources and the Ordinary Least Square method of estimation (OLS) was adopted for this study. EVIEW7 software was used for the analysis. The findings revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Nigeria. The study concluded that on the long run, the impact of transnational businesses would be felt, since the coefficients of foreign direct investments on economic growth shows a significant positive relationship. This study recommended that there is the need for government to woo more of transnational firms in the various sectors of the economy in order to gain the advantage of technology transfer to Nigeria. This will in turn boost the growth process of the economy and that the governments should strategize their existing policies and institutions, rather than merely attracting FDI, and should focus additionally on effective transfer of technology, which includes the diffusion and development of technology locally.

THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION LEVELS, SKILLS ON WORK ETHOS AND QUALITY OF SERVICE IN THE GENERAL SECTION OF SEKDA BOVEN DIGOEL DISTRICT []


This study aims to determine kreality in the field about The achievement and objectives in the quality of service to the community have not been fully achieved, starting from the planning, work processes and work results that are realized by the General Section of the Regional Secretariat of Boven Digoel Regency. and oOptimization of employee performance will be determined by the efforts of these members or employees in increasing knowledge and skills within the organization. In this study, the analysis method used was path analysis (PATH)..This research will be conducted in The Regional Secretariat of Boven Digoel Regency which is located at Jalan. Trans Papua KM. 2.The research conducted is estimated to be around 3 (three).In this study the population and the sample in this study is sall 21 employees of the Regional Secretariat of Boven Digoel Regency. The sample in this study is a saturated sample. The results of this study showinfluence independent variable (level of education, skill level) have a positive and significant effect on mediating variable (work ethic) and influence independent variable (level of education, skill level) has a positive and significant impact on the dependent variable (service quality) if it is mediated by the mediating variable (work ethic ).

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF LEADERSHOP, WORK SATISFACTION, MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Studi Case on Investment and One Stop Service Office in Boven Digoel Regemcy) []


This research aims to determine the influence of leadership and job satisfaction on employee’s performance and work motivation as the intervening variable. The independent variables in this research are leadership (X1), job satisfaction(X2), and dependent variable are work motivation (Y1) and employee performance (Y2) and . The type of research is explanatory research, with quantitative approach. The Sampling technique is saturation sampling, which is all members of the population are used as samples and obtained the number of samples are 90 employees. The source data obtained by the primary data for distributing the questionnaire and secondary data by documentation. This research use path analysis with the Smartpls 3.2.8 software instrument. The results of this study showed that: (1) The leadership style has no significant effect on work motivation and employee performance. (2) Job satisfaction has significant effect on work motivation and employee performance (3) Work motivation has significant effect on employee performance (4) The leadership has no significant effect on employee performance if mediated by work motivation.(5) Job satisfaction has significant effect on employee performance if mediated by work motivation. Keywords : leadership; job satisfaction; motivation; employee performance

THE EFFECT OF MARKETING AND SERVICE QUALITY MIX ON TELKOMSEL CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALITY IN BOVEN DIGOEL REGENCY []


The research aims to determine the factors that influence customer loyalty. This research is a quantitative study using the path analysis method with the help of SmartPLS software to process the data of the Kuisoner results. The results show that the marketing mix affects customer satisfaction, service quality affects customer satisfaction, Aura's marketing affects customer loyalty, quality of customer loyalty service, impacts customer satisfaction on loyalty, mixed marketing has positive effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty, service quality has positive effect on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, marketing mix is not the most influential variable for customer satisfaction and Telkomsel customer loyalty in Boven district.. Keyword: Marketing mix, service quality, satisfaction, loyalty

FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIUM SMALL MICRO ENTERPRISES (MSMEs) IN MAWAN VILLAGE, MANDOBO DISTRICT, BOVEN DIGOEL DISTRICT []


This study focuses its attention on the factors that affect the coaching and development of MSMEs. The research method used in this research is a quantitative approach,This research was conducted in Mawan Village, Mandobo District, Bouven Digoel Regency.The research conducted was estimated to be around 3 (three) months.In this study the population is all MSMEs in Mawan Village, Mandobo District, Bouven Digoel Regency, totaling 42 MSMEs.So in this study the sample used was 38 MSMEs. Respondents were selected using nonprobability sampling techniques which did not provide equal opportunities for each element or member of the population to be selected as samples. The research instrument used was a questionnaire, namely a number of written questions used to obtain information. Before the questionnaire was used, it was tested for validity and reliability, testing the classical assumptions, and testing the hypothesis.Variable of freedom of mobility, variable of ability to buy commodities, variable of economic security, and variable of legal and political awareness partially have a significant effect on the development of MSMEs. Keywords: UMKM, Freedom of Mobility, Ability to Buy Commodities, Economic Security, Legal and Political Awareness.

DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY LEADERSHIP THROUGH THE DISCIPLINE OF WORKING TO THE LOYALTY OF EMPLOYEES OF THE SERVICE OF TRANSPORTATION BOUVEN DIGOEL DISTRICT []


Abstract. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of transactional leadership and transformational leadership on loyalty through work discipline. The location of the research on the employees of the Boven Digoel Regency Transportation Office. This study uses a quantitative approach with a population of 30 and the sample used is 30 employees, namely using saturated samples. And this research uses path analysis techniques (path analysis). The results of this study show that transactional leadership has a positive and significant effect on work discipline, transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on work discipline, transactional leadership has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on loyalty. Keywords: Employee planning, inhibiting factors, management planning

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE PLANNING OF WORKERS AREA - NINATI DISTRICT AT BOEVEN DIGOEL PAPUA []


This study is entitled ''Factors Affecting Employee Planning in Work Areas - Ninati District, Boeven Digoel Regency, Papua’’. As for the Purpose of this Study 1) how the factors influence employee or workforce planning, and 2) what are the obstacles in planning employee happened. This research method is qualitative with the main aim of describing or depicting in detail and in depth about workforce planning in the area of Papua's Ninati Boven Digoel District. Data collection techniques in this study using semi-structured interview techniques and observation. Data analysis in this study uses interactive model analysis from Miles and Huberman which includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation and data verification or drawing conclusions. The results showed that the basic theory of management in terms of planning, is still not fully applied in work planning planning in the Ninati district government, especially in the area of operations. The tendency is to let the planning process drag on due to lack of coordination, communication, unfocused, and overlapping work. The informants and informants have revealed shortcomings and suggestions that are the same as what has been delivered in previous years. No action has been taken to improve the quality of the process. The conclusion of the study is that workforce planning has not been carried out properly, where the results of planning can still be questioned for its validity. The lack of communication frequency causes the process to be inefficient, and the process is less than optimal. Theoretical advice is to improve the stages of the implementation of workforce planning with the approach of management planning theory, optimize problem identification activities, increase the frequency of communication between districts and between levels so that all plans from each area can be well integrated. Keywords: Employee planning, inhibiting factors, management planning

The Effect of Work Environment on Organizational Culture and Improvement Of Performance Of Employees Secretariats, Regency Of Boven Digoel []


Human resources are one of the main drivers in efforts to achieve company goals. One way to support the achievement of company goals is by providing training to employees who are expected to be able to improve performance and influence the quality of employee performance to be better. This study aims to determine the effect of training and work discipliner on the performance of civil state apparatus on the election commission of Boven Digoel Regency. The method used is descriptive-causal type of research. Sampling is done by probability sampling method that is sample random sampling technique with the number of respondents as many as 37 people. This type of research uses quantitative research with descriptive statistical analysis and will be interpreted by using multiple linear regression tests. The results show, simultaneously, training and work discipliner have a significant effect to the performance of civil state apparatus on the election commission of Boven Digoel Regency. But partially training has a significant effect while work discipliner does not. Keywords: Training; work discipliner; quality of employee

The Effect Of PKK Program Through The Performance Of DPPKB In Improving The Quality Of Life In Mawan Village, Mandobo District, Boven Digoel []


his research aims to determine the influence of empowering PKK Program on quality of life and performance of DPPKB as the intervening variable. The independent variables in this research are empowerment (X), and dependent variables are DPPKB performance (Y) and quality of life (Z). The type of research is explanatory research, with quantitative approach. The Sampling technique is non-probability techniques by using the calculation of the Slovin method to find out the amount to be studied and obtained the number of samples are 152 samples. The source data obtained by the primary data for distributing the questionnaire and secondary data by documentation. This research use path analysis with the Smartpls 3.2.8 software instrument. The results of this study showed that: (1) empowerment of PKK programs has significant effect on DPPKB performance and quality of life. (2) Job satisfaction has significant effect on work motivation and employee performance (3) DPPKB performance has significant effect on quality of life (4) empowerment of PKK Programs has significant effect on quality of life if mediated by DPPKB performance Keywords: empowerment; organization performance; quality of life

THE EFFECT OF COMPETENCE, MOTIVATION THROUGH COMPENSATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PRAJA POLICE UNIT AND PROTECTION OF THE BOVEN DIGOEL DISTRICT []


This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of competence and compensation on performance through motivation. The location of the research on the employees of the Boven Digoel Regency Transportation Office. This study uses a quantitative approach with a population of 30 and the sample used is 30 employees, namely using saturated samples. And this research uses path analysis techniques (path analysis). The results of this study show that competence has a positive and significant effect on motivation, compensation has a positive and significant effect on motivation, competence has a positive and significant effect on performance, compensation has no significant effect on performance, motivation has a positive and significant effect on performance, Keywords:.Competence, Motivation, Kompensation, & Performance

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, SECURITY AND NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTIVITY []


Abstract Security of lives and properties of the citizens is one of the main pillars of social existence. There are elements that pose threat to stability of the country. These elements include but not limited to poverty, unemployment and unemployability. These phenomena can be addressed when youths become productively engaged. Education has been identified as a veritable tool for sustainable productivity. But the nature of education to be administered has a lot to contribute to national productivity. As such, there is a clarion call to review the education curriculum of the country to enable it address the problems of citizens. Subsequently, vocational education seems to provide answer to the question as it is saddled with the responsibility of providing skills to learners that will make them productive, reliable and self employed. The issue of what constitutes national need still stares in the face as efforts are being made to provide solution to numerous security yearnings of the country. Vocational education therefore, if well implemented will acquaint the youths with proper skills that will enable them find solutions to the problems of the country. This is because, acquisition of relevant skills will enhance employment opportunity which will reduce crime rate and stabilize security situation of the country. Using descriptive analytic method, the paper tries to find a nexus between vocational education, security and national productivity. It concludes that a well implemented vocational education will tackle security problem of the country by reducing unemployment and unemployability which will enhance national productivity. Keyword: Vocational education, security, productivity

A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABLE MODULAR REFINERIES DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES []


ABSTRACT Modular refineries are designed and fabricated in a manufacturing environment based on the detailed requirements of the owner. As the name implies, the equipment is constructed in modules that are designed to be transported quickly and easily anywhere in the world. and comes in a variety of sizes and capacities. Depending on the refining capacity, Modular refineries can be designed and constructed with the major part of the work accomplished in a factory controlled atmosphere. This paper explores the development of small-scale modular private refineries and large-scale conventional private refineries. For the largest Modular Refineries, some of their components (such as distillation columns) are too heavy that they are normally shipped separately. Before shipping and while still in the factory where it is manufactured, the components are pre-assembled directly to the modularized process systems, so as to make the field assembly short and efficient. Modular refining solutions provide single-source project management, quick construction in challenging environments and superior quality control for reliable and cost-effective operations. This paper provides analyses of the current state of the refining sector in Nigeria and the refining revolution that will take place within the next 3-5 years. Modular refining solutions are best suited for projects with: strict product specifications, short project timelines requiring fast track delivery, limited, critical onsite resources and remote locations Keywords: Capacity, Fabrication, Petroleum Product, Modular, Refinery.

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF YAM SLICING MACHINE []


ABSTRACT A power operated machine is developed for slicing of yam, consists of an electric motor, the chamber fitted with auger shaft to transport the yam. The slicer is positioned at the outlet of the feeder with rotary cutter. Machine capacity was influenced by moisture content of tubers and variations in length and diameter. A multi-crop slicing machine was designed, fabricated and evaluated for performance. The major components of the machine include the hopper, mainframe, conveying disc, slicing unit, slicing shaft, idler shaft, pulley, bearing, electric motor base and outlet. Performance of the device was evaluated using the following parameters: slicing efficiency, throughput and percentage of non -uniform slices. The slicing efficiency, throughput and non–uniform slices obtained was 52.3 %, 315 kg/hr. and 47.65 % respectively. Making the chute adjustable to different tuber thickness would eliminate wobbling and further reduce the percentage of non–uniform slices. The design capacity of the machine is 25kg of yam per hour while the average efficient is 91%, the summary of the cost is equivalent to one hundred and fifty thousand naira and function efficient 87.86%. Key words: Efficiency, Performance evaluation, Slicing device, Yam tuber.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA. []


The study identified poor quality planning for its products and services, weak quality control, and lack of technical knowhow, inadequate quality improvement and assurance, poor and obsolete technology usage, political instability, decaying infrastructure, corruption and enabling environment through tax exemptions. In view of these, the research sought to determine the extent of relationship between Quality Improvement and Customer Loyalty in commercial banks in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on Chain Reaction Theory proposed in 1881 by Edward Dewing, Survey Research design was employed in the study and the population of the study was 3825 and sample size of 362 while Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used in testing the hypotheses. The findings revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between Quality Improvement and Customer Loyalty in commercial banks in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study concluded that there is a strong positive nexus between Quality Improvement and Customer Loyalty in commercial banks in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study recommended that since it has been proven that quality improvement increases loyalty among its customers, the management should ensure that they invest in modern technology and adequately train its staff to enhance the quality of services dispensed.

Differentiated Instructions to Facilitate Inclusiveness for Diverse Learners []


The National Policy for Persons with Disabilities (2006) attempts to clarify the framework under which the state, civil society and the private sector need to operate to ensure a dignified life for persons with physically/differently abled and support as their caretakers. Giving appropriate support, including differentiated instruction, students ranging from gifted to differently abled could be imparted with an appropriate education in general educational classrooms. Differentiated instruction is to be understood by teachers as a foundation that can enhance and create such inclusive classrooms. Differentiated instruction is a technique which teachers use to accommodate, understand, and act in accordance with each student’s learning styles and instructional preferences. The investigators in this paper has tried to analyse the differentiated instruction approach to teaching and learning. The purpose of this paper is to study the concept and need of differentiated instruction, to analyse the components of it and also to understand the different instructional strategies and techniques through which differentiated instruction can be successfully implemented in an inclusive classroom. Keywords: Inclusive education, differentiated instruction, diverse learners.

Le Policy mix et la stabilité monétaire en République Démocratique du Congo de 1998 à 2018 []


Dans la complexité de la lutte contre l’inflation, plusieurs alternatives en matière de politique économique sont souvent proposées. Ces politiques économiques peuvent être conjoncturelles ou structurelles selon le cas, tout comme elles peuvent s’appliquer à plusieurs aspects de l’économie d’un pays, notamment l’investissement et la consommation par exemple (on parle d’une politique économique globale qui est aussi caractérisée par une politique de relance et celle de la stabilisation sous l’axe de demande) ; ou alors spécifiques. Dans le cadre du présent papier, nous nous sommes plus concentrés sur l’usage conjoint des politiques budgétaires et monétaires, appelé communément « Policy mix » en République démocratique du Congo. L’objectif étant d’évaluer le feedback dans le taux de change face à l’application conjointe de ces deux politiques. Pour y arriver, nous avons fait appel à un modèle économétrique basé sur l’approche de cointégration de Johansen (1988) qui est également basée sur le modèle vectoriel à correction d’erreur(VECM). Ce choix est justifié par le fait que la littérature économique récente concernant la théorie de l’équilibre démontre qu’une série macro-économique stationnaire peut être le résultat d’une combinaison de variables non stationnaires, d’où l’importance actuelle de l’analyse de la cointégration à k variables. Ce modèle a l’avantage non seulement d’intégrer les fluctuations de court terme d’un certain nombre d’indicateurs tout en s’assurant de la convergence des sentiers de croissance de ces derniers sur le long terme au travers une force de rappel, mais encore il permet de bien identifier les capacités prédictives d’un indicateur à travers l’analyse de la décomposition de la variance. Ainsi, au regard des résultats, nous sommes aboutis à une situation telle que toute tentative de combinaison des politiques budgétaires et monétaires ne fait que fléchir l’économie congolaise, témoignant ainsi de l’inefficacité de ladite combinaison.

A Comparative Analysis of the Mercantilist Trade Doctrine and the Nigerian Economy []


Abstract This study sought to assess the Nigerian economy in terms her exports and imports in the light of the mercantilist doctrine of trade. Descriptive approach was used in the analysis. Nigeria as an economy has experienced fluctuations, with her exports and import either decreasing or increasing. Prior to the discovery of oil in the 1970s, her attention shifted to the oil sector, thereby neglecting the non-oil sectors-agriculture for instance which was the major producer of goods and services as well as raw materials to industries. Although the discovering of oil in her Niger delta region contributed to her increase in export, this was only due to the increased in the world oil price. Findings reveals that Nigerian government in their plight to promote domestic industries has restricted some goods from entering the markets –cars and rice. With the deficit balance of trade, Nigeria plans to go back to the non-oil sectors, as a way of enhancing the productive capacity of all sectors of the economy to increase her exports. Nigerian government through her agencies should ensure that restricted goods are not still smuggled to the economy. More so government should enact laws that ensures the acceptance and usage of indigenous products by Nigerians both home and abroad.

PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHERS ABOUT JOB SATISFACTION WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON A TO T APPROACH: A QUALITATIVE STUDY []


India, like rest of the world is gearing itself for the different challenges posed by lockdown due to Covid 19 pandemic. Educational institutions across India are facing a lot of challenges. Collection of fees, providing salary to the teaching and non-teaching staff, digitalization of traditional classroom are few of the immediate challenges. Traditional classrooms have now shifted to many individual room spread across the country. Teachers play a vital role in imparting knowledge to the students. The National Policy on Education (1986 and 2020) accepts that no education system can rise above the quality of its teachers. Teaching job may be demanding and involves heavy work load and controlling of unruly students which may result in felling of frustration. Job satisfaction is a positive or pleasant emotional state resulting from a person's appreciation of his/her own job or experience. Unsatisfied teachers do not contribute wholeheartedly in the development of the students and country at a large whereas highly satisfied teachers help in the achievement of educational aims set by the country. This paper discusses how Covid 19 pandemic has affected the teachers on a whole and at the same time has come as an opportunity to all where we can work for professional upliftment and personal growth. At this time of stress and job insecurity, the paper proposes the A to T approach to Job Satisfaction of school teachers. Keywords: Job-satisfaction, Covid 19 pandemic, unseen challenges, A to T approach

ENHANCING PSYCHOSOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN BASIC ELECTRICITY IN GOVERNMENT TECHNICAL COLLEGES IN NIGER STATE []


The purpose of the study was to investigate the enhancement of psychosocial environment on student’s academic achievements in Basic Electricity in Government Technical Colleges. Three research questions guided the study while three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Population of the study comprised all the teachers and students of Basic Electricity in Government Technical Colleges in Niger State. The sample of the study consisted of 295 made up of 29 teachers and 266 students. The researcher selected the respondents through simple random sampling technique. The study adopted ex-post facto research design. The instrument used for data collection was structured questionnaire. Three experts validated the instrument. Internal consistency of the instrument was determined using Cronbach alpha reliability method and reliability coefficient values of 0.98 was obtained. Pearson’s Correlation were used to analyze the data for answering research questions while correlation Analysis was used to test the hypotheses of no significance difference at 0.05 level of significance. The study found that, there is direct positive teacher - students’ relationship, high positive students’-students’, direct negative teacher- students’ involvement, high positive Teacher- student Basic Electricity Task orientation, direct negative students’- students’ competition, direct negative Teacher- students classroom management as it enhance academic achievement in Basic Electricity. It was recommended that more task orienting exercises should be organized for Basic Electricity students to keep them more socially related as well as up competing. This could be achieved through organizing quizzes, group work, individual and group presentations.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE TARGET LANGUAGE: DOES MORE EXPOSURE IN CLASS OUTWEIGH TEACHING RULES AND FUNCTIONS? []


The study presented in this article investigated the impact of exposure to the target language on students’ EFL and FFL improvement at “11 Janvier” high school in Morocco. This qualitative research considered that more exposure to the target language in the classroom is more influencing than language instruction in class. In this way, this study assumed that using the target language communicatively outweighs learning language rules in a language vacuum. The study surveyed 30 teachers of English and French and demonstrated that when language is more utilized either for instruction or for simple communication, the linguistic skills of students improve more considerably. However, when the target language is just a language that represents rules, functions, and irrelevant texts, the outcome is always poor. The study concluded with implications that could be implemented by teachers of languages in different school levels.

THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT THROUGH JOB SATISFACTION ON THE WORK ACHIEVEMENT OF AMBATKWI DISTRICT OFFICE IN BOVEN DIGOEL DISTRICT []


This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of organizational culture and organizational commitment on job satisfaction through job performance of District Office employees in Boven Digoel Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach with a population of 50 and a sample of 50 employees, namely using a saturated sample. And this research uses path analysis techniques (path analysis). The results of this study show that culture organizationthe coefficient value is 0.642 positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, organizational commitment 0.642 (positive), the t statistic value of 6.774 has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, organizational culture, the coefficient value is 0.275 (positive), the t statistic value is 2.546 which has a positive and significant effect on job performance. , organizational commitment coefficient value of 0.388 (positive), statistical t value of 2.707 has a positive and significant effect on job performance, job satisfaction coefficient value of 0.196 (positive), statistical t value of 2.110 has a positive and significant effect on work performance, organizational culture is positive and significant on job performance through job satisfaction, organizational commitment, the coefficient value is 0.412 (positive), the t statistic is 3.720 has a positive and significant effect on job performance through job satisfaction Keywords: Organizational Culture, Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance

THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC SECTOR CORRUPTION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ASIAN REGION []


ABSTRACT This study is motivated to identify the impact of the public sector corruption on economic growth in the Asian Region over the period of 2008-2018. Corruption Perception Index (CPI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are used as proxies to measure the public sector corruption in the countries and the economic growth respectively. The sample represents 24 countries out of 48 countries in the Asian region and it covers 11 years period of GDP data and CPI data. Granger Causality test is employed to identify the causality between CPI and GDP. The result of the Granger Causality Test reveals that there is no significant causality impact between CPI and GDP. Subsequently, Panel data regression has been used to measure the impact of corruption on economic growth. The result of random effect panel regression shows positive impact of CPI on GDP which is not statistically significant at 5% level. Further, Co-integration test has been used to test long run association between the variables as well as Fully Modified The Least Square Method to illustrate the relationship between corruption and economic growth in the Asian region. The result of co-integration test reveals that there is long run association between CPI and GDP. Consequently, the Fully Modified Least Square method shows the positive impact of CPI on GDP which is also not statistically significant at 5% level. Overall result reveals that there is no significant impact of CPI on GDP in the Asian region. This finding is important for government of each regional country for further to manage the corruptions in the country and public service providers for making their decision-making process. Keywords: Co-integration Test, Corruption Perception Index, Economic Growth, Granger Causality Test, Gross Domestic Product, Public Sector Corruption and Random Effect Panel Regression