Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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THE ROLE OF RURAL BANKS IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN GHANA. A CASE STUDY OF AVENOR RURAL BANK IN AKATSI DISTRICT []


This article examines the operational policies of the rural banks in making credit facilities available to small-scale farmers, to assess the contribution of the rural banks towards agricultural development in their areas of operation, to identify the credit beneficiaries of the rural bank and assess the adequacy of the credit, to examine the demand and use of agricultural credit in the study area, to offer suggestion and make recommendations that promote effective credit operation.

PRACTICAL CHALLENGES OF RURAL AND MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN GHANA IMPLICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF THE INDUSTRY THE CASE STUDY OF AVENOR RURAL BANK []


This article sought to assess how microcredit is managed in Avenor Rural Bank. It also examined whether the performance of micro loan was in line with Bank of Ghana benchmark. Additionally, it examined the criteria used in identifying credit worthy clients, the effectiveness of the loan disbursement procedures, the extent to which the banks educate and supervise the customers and problems encountered in recovering bank loans granted.

THE PROSPECT AND CHALLENGES OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON GHANA’S CAPITAL MARKET []


This paper assesses the prospects and challenges and effect of Foreign Direct Investment on capital market in Ghana. In this regard, this paper seeks to authenticates literature evidence of foreign direct investment being a substitute or complement to capital market development and direction of causality.

THE ROLE OF CAPITATION GRANT IN PROMOTING BASIC EDUCATION IN AKATSI NORTH DISTRICT []


The objective of the paper is to examine the contribution of capitation grant in ensuring effective teaching and learning, its contribution to access to quality education at the basic school. The paper further assess the influence of capitation grant on the key indicators of education.

FINANCING CAPITAL PROJECTS IN GHANA: THE CHOICE OF EUROBONDS OVER LOANS FROM INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS []


This paper explores the various reasons or factors behind using Eurobond as against loans from development partners such as the World Bank (WB), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the African Development Bank (AfDB), in financing capital projects in Ghana. In addition, the paper examines the impact of how these factors could predict the financial choice as well as the various measures put in place to benefit from using this type of debt instrument.

IMPROVING PROJECT MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN GHANA WITH FOCUS ON AGRICULTURE, BANKING AND CONSTRUCTION SECTORS OF THE GHANAIAN ECONOMY []


This seminar paper was a perception study which identified and analyzed the potential project failure/success factors (project critical factor(s)) in three (3) selected sectors‐ Agriculture, Banking and Construction of the Ghanaian economy. The paper also identified project management tools and techniques whose application(s) were familiar to the Ghanaian project practitioners and were associated with project outcomes (success/failures). The paper employed mainly quantitative research approaches by designing an independent (project factors) ‐ dependent (project success criteria) variable linear model.

CORPORATE VENTURE CAPITAL AS A CONTRIBUTOR TO COMPANY INNOVATION []


This article aimed at clarifying the factors accounting for the success of corporate venture capital as a source of innovativeness of the parent corporation. The article further pointed out the key factors in the structure and goal setting in corporate venture capital units and also in the qualities of the parent corporation affecting the success. They also unearth the factors behind the competitive advantage of corporate venture capital investment in the innovation process compared to the traditional venture capital investments.

THE EFFECTS OF BUDGETARY CONTROL ON EFFECTIVENESS OF NGOS IN GHANA []


This article focuses on how budgetary control can be used to ensure funds availability and cost reduction to promote organizational performance of the Non-Governmental Organizations in Ghana. It further examines the contributions of budgetary control in monitoring and evaluation of these organizations to achieve financial prudence and achievement of their objectives.

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SIXTY-TWO VIEWS IN THE BRAHMAJĀLA SUTTA []


The worldviews regarding the nature of reality are constantly discussed and explored by philosophers and religious thinkers. By the time that Buddhism emerged, Brahmanical and Śamaṇa tradition were two prominent sects that had claimed various truths and had strong influence on people’s daily life. As the first sutra among the entire body of suttas in the Pāli Nikāyas, the Brahmajāla Sutta acts like the sentry at the gateway to the doctrine in order to make clear what in the spiritual life should be looked for and what should be left out. In this paper, with the intention of distinguishing Buddhism from other belief systems and ideologies and finding out the right path of practice leading to ultimate liberation, sixty-two views that are enumerated by the Buddha in the Brahmajāla Sutta will be analyzed, as well as the Buddha’s judgement regarding their limitation and the reasons why they are rejected will be analyzed. On the basis of this, no matter how many theories emerge in the future or how many interpretations of Buddhist doctrine are given, one will be able to recognize matters clearly, and will not be misguided.

The Impact of Free Cash Flow and Capital Structure on Financial Performance of Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange []


The capital market as an effective means to accelerate the development of a country because the capital market is a vehicle that can mobilize the long-term mobilization of funds from the public to be channeled into productive sectors. Investors have no single investment motive, but incentive motives such as security, growth, income and speculation can differ from one investor to another. In addition, investors by analyzing the company's financial statements and pay attention to factors that affect financial performance so that expectations for obtaining the maximum return can be achieved. Data used in this research were taken from the company’s annual financial report obtained from www.idx.co.id. Type of data used in this research is secondary data. The samples in this research were gathered using purposive sampling with some specific criteria with the total sample of 20 companies. The analytical method used is Multiple linear regression. The result of this research show that Free cash flow has a significant positive effect to financial performance on companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, it can be interpreted that the movement of increase or decrease in free cash flow is followed by an increase or decrease in company performance. Capital structure has an insignificant negative effect to financial performance on companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange Keyword: Free cash flow, capital structure and financial performance

Comparative Concentrations of Heavy metals and Metallic Oxides in Sediments and Galena using MP-AES and XRF Methods []


Micro Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopic was used to study and analyze heavy metals. Their mean concentration showed that Pb(136.08 ± 23.56 mg/kg) was highest followed by Fe(129.5 ±87.47 mg/kg) and the least Cr (0.047 ± 0.39 mg/kg) showed the trend as Pb > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cd > Mn > Co > As > Ni > Cr, in sediment samples. While in Galena showed Pb (718.23 ± 88.29 mg/kg) was also higher followed by Cu (8.44 ± 7.59 mg/kg) and Cd (0.0014 ± 0.0015 mg/kg) showed the lowest with trend as Pb > Cu > Fe > Zn > Co > As > Ni > Mn > Cr > Cd. This does not comply with the previous studies which stated that Iron appear to be higher in Nigerian soil (Milam, 2014) credibly because Galena is an ore of Lead and should not be surprise why Lead is higher in Galena and also in sediments around the mining area. X-ray fluorescence was used to analyzed metallic oxides of SO2 (65.86 %/wt) as highest, followed by Al2O3 (16.2 %/wt) Oxides in sediments with trend of SiO2 > SO3 > Al2O3 > Fe2O3 > K2O > P2O5 > N2O > MgO > ZnO > SrO > Cr2O3, while SiO2 (42.11 %/wt.) Showed highest concentration followed by SO3 (34.81 %/wt) while Cr2O3 showed least in Galena mineral with trend of SiO2 > SO3 > Al2O3 > Fe2O3 > K2O > P2O5 > N2O > MgO > ZnO > SrO > Cr2O3. The heavy metals levels are high at the Galena mining vicinity and their effects polluted the drinking water with adverse health risks hence, adequate diagnosis should preserve life. Keywords: Galena, Sediment, Heavy metal, Metallic Oxides, Concentrations

HANGING RATIO GILLNETS ON DIFFERENT MESH SIZE FOR SILVER POM-FRET (PAMPUS ARGENTEUS) IN PANGANDARAN, INDONESIA []


Capture fisheries activities in Pangandaran Regency are one of the potentials of this area in the coastal area. Gillnet is one of the most used fishing gear by fishermen in Pangandaran. There are no specific calculations related to the hanging ratio amount of gillnet used. Hanging ratio affects the number of catches obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the hanging ratio value for gillnet used to catch silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). Research was conducted in August 2018 and January 2019 in Pangandaran Regency, West Java. The research object is gillnet with a different mesh size of 4,5 and 5 inches with main catch is silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively by describing the condition of gillnet for silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) in Pangandaran and analyzing the hanging ratio of the gillnet. Hanging ratio for 4,5 inch gillnet is 0,51 while for mesh size 5 inch is 0,54. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the gill nets are selective. The proportion of the catch results shows the number of target fish gill nets with a 4,5 inch mesh size is 74% and bycatch is 26%. The proportion of gillnet catches with a 5 inch mesh size shows a main catch of 44% while the bycatch proportion is 56%.

Designing and preparing housing plan for a plot of land located outside the general planning for the city, Bani Walid (Al-Husnah district), Libya. []


This study included how to make a housing planing outside the general planning for the city of Bani Walid for a plot of land in Al-Hosnah neighborhood for the northern part, according to the foundations and criteria followed in the design. And the random build-ings in the city, which caused the narrowing of the streets. The aim of this study is to create a suitable urban environment and provide all services to the residents according to the principles of the design criteria for the plans until the planning is completed in a civilized way.

POST OCCUPANCY EVALUATION: A MORE EFFECTIVE CASE STUDY METHOD []


ABSTRACT Aim of Study: Exploring the high points of Post Occupancy Evaluation as a method of case studies and proposing it as an interest-ing and more-effective method of performing case studies in the practice of Architecture is the foremost aim of this study. Methodology: This study involved an investigation carried out using web-based questionnaires randomly distributed to Architects with different years of experience to ascertain their perception of case studies and the extent to which they apply it in actual practice of architecture. It also involved desktop research done for more insight on the subject matter. Results: A total of 77 Nigerian Architects responded to the online survey. 7.89% have 0-5 years of experience, 27.63% have 5-10 years, 31.58% have 10-15 years, 10.53% have 15-20 years and 22.37% have above 20 years of experience. These all affirmed that case studies have been helpful in numerous ways in cause of their practice of architecture and highlighted their various per-ceptions of case studies. Results also revealed that most of their case study activities unceremoniously express Post Occupancy Evaluation which entails walkthrough and observation and also getting feedback from occupants of the building. Observation: Generally, case studies are approached with some reluctance and with an approach that is not consciously planned. As a result, the knowledge sought while performing a case study is very often inadequate and sometimes distorted. Recommendation: If the relevance of Case studies especially with the Post-Occupancy Evaluation approach is consciously incul-cated in the study and practice of architecture, the knowledge and deliberate practice would yield better results like better comprehension of the evaluated building, an assortment of lessons learnt and a more practicable approach to architectural de-signs.

A REVIEW- APPLICATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN FISHERIES []


The number of global human population is increasing from year to year. This fact is a challenge for every country to meet the food needs of its population. One potential food source is fish that contains high protein. Fish is one of the most widely consumed foods in the world. Fish production has grown at an impressive rate over the past decades. In 2018, total world fish production reaches 178.8 million metric tons. For these reasons, development in fisheries needs to be done to meet the needs of the global community. However, fish aquaculture and capture fisheries still have problems such as disease, expensive feed prices, the amount of production that does not meet and various other problems. Therefore we need a technique or innovation to overcome problems in fisheries. Biotechnology can be a promising tool for overcoming problems in fisheries. This review aims to explain the various application of biotechnol-ogy in fisheries such as transgenic, bioremediation, fish health, chromosome manipulation, and sex control. Keyword : Biotechnology, Fisheries, Transgenic, Bioremediation, Fish Health, Chromosome manipulation, Sex Control

THE RULE OF LEADERSHIP & CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN POLITICAL CHANGE IN YEMEN []


The change process in the absence of a strategy similar to the dream which is impossible to achieve. The strategy is a tool for achieving the vision and mission. Strategic plans is the way to implement that strategy via, effective and capable leadership who have a commitment to implement a rational change strategies in light of the prospects for future needs. Political changes come in response to several factors and have different patterns. In Yemen political change was a result of dissatisfaction with the existing situation which led to a political movement in 2011. Aiming to help Yemen to exit from the political crisis caused by political change failure. This study discussed the concept of change, strategy, patterns and the rule of leadership in theory and using “Political vision” presented by “Political Forum for Youth (PFY)” as a case study. The study concluded that the study of political change need to includes a focus on the key components of the political system, and determine the scope and direction of change in these components, beside more attention on leadership mainly the middle and executive leaders. This study proposed 12- Step change model and Component Change pattern which recommended to be used as a reference to achieve the desired change in future and direct Yemen out from the humanitarian, social and economic difficulties since decade.

ECTOPARASITES OF DRAGONFLIES AND DAMSELFLIES IN CENTRAL NEPAL []


Water mites as ectoparasites on odonata documented in this paper is first report of Nepal. this paper deals with parasitic association with odonata at Pravash local ponds and ponds of Ramgram Stupa observed during 2018 and 2019 respectively. We recorded 101 mites from 16 individuals of odonata. Both dragonflies (Brachythemis contaminata, Crocothemis servilia, Orthetrum sabina, Trithemis pallidinervis) and damselflies (Ischnura aurora, Agriocnemis pygmaea, Ceriagrion falax, Ceriagrion coromandellianum) were parasitized by Arrenurus spp. Maximum (23 mites) were reported from female Crocothemis servilia. The mites of three colours, orange, dark green and black were attached to the different sites of the thorax and abdomen. Mites were attached in scattered form except on male Crocothemis servilia, arranged in inverted V-shaped on ventral side of thorax and cluster form on thorax of Agriocnemis pygmaea . Mostly female odonates (11individuals by 71 mites) were infested by mites than male (5 individual by 30 mites).

CRASHED BOEING 737-MAX: FATALITIES OR MALPRACTICE? []


In the early 2000s, the North American aircraft manufacturer company Boeing decided to launch a new version of the most commercially successful airplane in Boeing's history, the 737-MAX, the fourth generation of the 737 series, launched in 1965. However, after one year of operations, two 737 MAX fatal crashes occurred in October 2018 and March 2019, respectively, claiming N=346 deaths in total. Therefore, aviation authorities worldwide grounded 737 MAX to prevent new accidents. This article investigated the Boeing 737 MAX, as the unit of analysis. Key findings pointed out the 737-MAX is the fastest-selling plane in the company history, reaching more than 5,000 orders from 100 customers worldwide. This article aims at reviewing the know-facts of the history, to analyze critical decisions, their impact on the results, and to discuss what should be avoided and best practices on the subject under review.

Biocidal effects of powder and methanolic extracts of Capsicum frutescens L. (Solanaceae) on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae) []


Abstract: The biocidal / repellent activity of the powder and methanolic extract of Capsicum frutescens L. fruits on adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) infesting wheat seeds was studied under controlled conditions. The powder at 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 g / g of wheat grain and the methanolic extract at 0, 10, 20, 25 and 30 g.l-1 were applied. Compared to the control, the powder causes a low adult mortality (5%) but significantly higher than that obtained with adults released on untreated seeds (1.67%). For the methanolic extracts, the concentration 30 g.l-1 causes a significantly higher mortality (37%) than that obtained with adults released on seeds treated with 0 g.l-1 (5%). With regard to the repellency, the test indicates that the average number of T. castaenum present on the half-discs containing powder ranges from 20 to 26% and is significantly lower than that of the control which is 73%. at 85%. As for the methanolic extract, the insect repellent activity shows that the average number of Tribolium present on the semi-disk impregnated with the extract is 8 to 28% and is significantly different from the control whose average number varies from 71 to 91%.

Transdermal Fentanyl: Pharmacology and Toxicology- A review []


This review article provides evaluate the underlying pharmacology, safety, and misuse/abuse of transdermal fentanyl, one of the cornerstone pharmacotherapies for patients with chronic pain. Fentanyl is a high-potency opioid that has many uses in the treatment of both acute and chronic pain. Intentional or unintentional misuse, as well as abuse, may lead to significant clinical consequences, including death. It also potential pitfalls associated with transdermal fentanyl, although these have not been completely effective in preventing life-threatening adverse events and fatalities related to its inappropriate use. Clinically consequential adverse effects may occur unexpectedly with normal use of transdermal fentanyl, or if misused or abused. Misuse and therapeutic error may be largely preventable through better education at all levels for both the prescriber and patient. The prevention of intentional misuse or abuse may require regulatory intervention. Its extended-release formulation, it is best used in patients with stable and predictable opioid requirements.

THE EFFECT OF TRAINING ON IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PERFORMANCE OF TRAINING PARTICIPANTS AT THE CENTER FOR COMMUNITY TRAINING DEVELOPMENT (BPPLM) OF JAKARTA []


The Center for Community Training Development (BBPLM) Jakarta as a training program provider has a strategic role in providing quality human resources. To find out the effectiveness of the training program carried out by BPPLM Jakarta, an evaluation is needed. The BBPLM Jakarta also cannot yet know the extent of the effectiveness of the training that has been carried out on the development of the performance of alumni who have been trained. This paper is set out to develop a conceptual model of the effectiveness of the training. This paper has discussed the problems of the training program; literature review of training evaluation methods, the Kirkpatrick method, and performance evaluation; the conceptual model; hypotheses development; and research methodology. The implementation of this paper can provide information about the effectiveness of training programs implemented by BBPLM Jakarta.

THE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION AND PROMOTION IN INCREASING SALES WITH SALESMAN PERFORMANCE AS A MODERATING VARIABLE (A STUDY AT PT. LOREAL MODERN MARKET AREA - EAST JAKARTA-BOGOR []


To attract consumers to make purchases, a company must implement a marketing strategy that is suitable to the market condition. PT L'Oreal is an international beauty brand that has loyal customers in more than 130 countries in the world. In Indonesia, L’Oréal has been present since 1979. Based on data from L’Oreal sales realization in 2017, total sales in the Jabodetabek modern trade area market was not achieved or minus 2% of the target. To increase sales and achieve targets in the following years, restructuring was carried out in the flow of sales distribution activities as well as various promotions, but it did not help much in increasing sales/achieving targets. This research is a cross sectional study aimed to examine the effect of changes in product distribution and promotion in increasing sales with salesman performance as a moderating variable in PT L'Oreal's modern market area of East Jakarta - Bogor. The population in this study was 50 employees of PT. L’Oreal Modern Market Area - East Jakarta - Bogor and the sampling was done by census technique. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed using the path analysis method. Data were analyzed using STATA software version 13.

THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP STYLE AND MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH MODERATED BY COMPETENCE (A STUDY AT GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF GUIDANCE FOR PLACEMENT OF WORKERS AND EXPANSION OF EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES) []


In the era of industrial revolution 4.0, organizations especially in the government are required to have competent employees for achieving their targets. Misplaced employee, unsatisfied employee, lack of motivation, and low evaluation score are currently problems that organizations are facing. This paper provides a conceptual model on how leadership styles and motivation influence employee performance moderated by competence through a study in the General Directorate of Guidance for Placement of Workers and Expansion of Employment Opportunities. The study is a quantitative study with a total sample of 70 employees and analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) method. Through this model, organizations are expected to have better employee performance and a higher target accomplishment overall.

INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN THE TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY IN KENYA []


Talent management is the process of managing the ability, competency and power within an organization. It also involves the embracement of talent practices such as career development, training and development, working environment, reward system and managerial support. The study sought to examine the influence of talent management practice on employee retention in the telecommunication industry in Mombasa County in Kenya. The study aimed at investigating how competency mapping, reward management, succession planning, training and development influence employee retention in the telecommunication industry in Kenya. The study used Talent DNA Model, Person-Environment theory, Equity Theory and human capital theory to analyze the foundations of talent management. Empirical review was also analyzed in relation to other previously done studies. Research gaps and critique of the relevant studies was done to determine areas of further studies to be carried out. The study used descriptive research design to analyze the situational perspective on talent management. The sample of 104 employees was calculated using Slovins formula from a total target population of 140 employees from the s telecommunication industry in Kenya. Questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection on which the questions in the questionnaire was structured in the Likert scale method. Regression was used to analyze the data statistically to show the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables The collected data was entered into the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS version 24.0) and multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze and test the hypotheses. By use of Pearson’s correlation, employee retention was positively related to competency mapping, reward management and succession planning. Results also indicated positive relationship between employee retention and training and development. Regression model revealed significant effect and negative relationships among competency mapping, reward management and succession. Meanwhile, there was positive and significant relationship between training and development and employee retention. Finally, it was concluded that training and development and reward management are very crucial to employee retention. Telecommunication industry should develop policies to promote reward management and training and development in order to enhance employee retention and recommended that telecommunication industry should enact policies that promote talent management practice which will in turn promote employee retention.

Modification of Expansive Clay Soil using Fibre and Cement in Combined Measures for Highway Pavement []


The research work assessed the possible modification of expansive soft clay soils of low and weak geotechnical parameters with irvinga gabonesis fibre + cement at 0.25% +2.5%. 0.5% + 5.0%, 0.75% + 7.5% and 1.0% + 10% to soils corresponding percentage ratios. The soils are classified as A – 7 – 6 /CH on the AASHTO classification schemes / Unified Soil Classification System. The soils are dark grey (from wet to dry states) with a plastic index of 31.10%, 24.55%, 31.05%, and 32.17%. The soils has unsoaked CBR values of 7.35%, 7.75%, 8.15%, and 7.85% and soaked CBR values of 6.35%, 6.23%, 7.05% and 5.55%. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) values of 87.85kPa, 78.75kPa, 105.75kPa, and 85.35kPa at preliminary investigations. Verifiable results of un-stabilized and stabilized results showed tremendously increased in compaction parameters of MDD and OMC to varying percentages. Comparably, results indicated increased in CBR altered soils with optimum mixed percentage ratios of 0.7% to soils. Stabilized clay soils increased in CBR values with an increase in additives percentages to optimum mix ration 0.75% + 7.5%. Dropped in were noticed beyond the optimum mix. Results indicated an increase in UCS with ratio increase to corresponding soils percentages. Results indicated a reduction in the plastic index to increase in corresponding percentage ratios. The entire results indicated the potential of using additives in combine state for weak soil treatment. Key Words: Clay soils, Irvinga Gabonesis Fibre, Cement, CBR, UCS, Consistency, Compaction

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF FLOODING BASED DTN PROTOCOLS BY FO-CUSING THE SIMULATION SCENARIO OF RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY, BANGLA-DESHI []


In some geographical regions, it becomes tough to exchange data between end to end nodes unless these region connection nodes have a continuous connection between source to destination. Most of the cases, the message doesn’t reach the destination node for the unreliable connection between them. We can use Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) in this scenario. The main characteristics of DTN are variable delays and asymmetric data rates with high error rates as well as limited resources. The most emerging matter of DTN is that this network doesn’t maintain the continuous connection for message successful message delivery. An essential application of DTN is to emergency message delivery in post-disaster scenarios. The principle challenge of Delay Tolerant Network is to design an appropriate routing protocol to deliver messages in most proficiently and to use less number of the redundant message. This paper investigates the performance of flooding based routing protocol of DTN, mainly Epidemic, MaxProp, Prophet, by focusing the simulation region of Rajshahi University campus as it is most significant and situated at the bank of Padma river. Our primary target is to evaluate the performance of flooding based routing protocol; for instance, message delivery when a traditional network system is failed to establish the connection. The simulation of the above scenarios is done through a simulator using java based Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator. The analysis is done based on four performance metrics such as delivery ratio, overhead ratio, average latency, as well as average hop count by changing the message size of every group. Is was investigated from the simulation results that MaxProp routing protocol performs well in high delivery ratio, less overhead rate, and average latency for considered simulation scenarios.

Effect of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Skipjack Catch (Katsuwonus pelamis) in Pelabuhan Ratu, Sukabumi []


This study aims to assess the temperature variability and chlorophyll-a at the time of the ENSO phenomenon and Skipjack's catch results. The data used are data on sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a from 2009 to 2015 obtained from Aqua MODIS satellites and data of catches of skipjack from 2009 to 2015 obtained from PPN Pelabuhan Ratu. This study uses a descriptive method that is carried out with a spatial and temporal analysis method approach. The results showed the temperature at the Elino phase became colder and during the La-Nina phase the temperature became warmer, and the average yield of the catch during the El-Nino phase was 39,806 kg, when the La-Nina phenomenon was 53,799 kg , whereas during normal conditions it is 52,712 kg.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AS A SUFFICIENT STRATEGY FOR CUSTOMER RETENTION IN THE SERVICE INDUSTRY: EMPERICAL EVIDENCE FROM CAMEROON []


The purpose of this study is to access the effect of total quality management on customer retention in the service industry in Cameroon. This was prompted by the fact that despite the effort of service organizations to attract customer and manage supply, demand and productivity in order to provide high quality services, their customers do not always remain loyal. Thus we are studying the effect that total quality management has on the retention of customers in the service industry. The parts of the service industry used are microfinance institutions, hotels, telecommunications companies and banks. The research approach was both qualitative and quantitative. Data from the questionnaire issued was analysed using tables, pie charts and the STATA software the results shows that customer focus, and employee involvement have a significant positive effects on the retention of customers. It can therefore be concluded that being customer focus is a prerequisite to retaining customers and therefore the management of every organization should not relent its efforts in this domain. Equally, though customer retention is independent of employee involvement and commitment it does not imply that they should not be involved and committed at their workplaces because they are one of the main contributors towards an organization’s journey to quality. Key words: Total Quality Management, Customer Retention, Service Industry.

Pseudomyxome Péritonéal secondaire à une Tumeur Ovarienne Rompue et à une Mucocèle Appendiculaire, (À propos d’une observation). []


INTRODUCTION Le pseudomyxome péritonéal est une maladie rare, caractérisée par une évolution lente et récidivante. Il s’agit d’un état pathologique au cours duquel la cavité péritonéale se remplit d’une substance visqueuse semblable à de la gélatine. Les causes ovariennes et appendiculaires se partagent la quasi-totalité des étiologies, mais il existe aussi des causes péritonéales et des maladies cryptogénétiques gélatineuses du péritoine. Nous rapportons un cas documenté (iconographie et photographies per op) de maladie gélatineuse du péritoine secondaire à la rupture d’un cystadénome mucineux ovarien associé à une mucocèle appendiculaire. OBSERVATION : Madame BY âgée de 76 ans mariée et mère de 5 enfants, sans profession et sans antécédents particuliers, est admise dans notre service de chirurgie générale pour la prise en charge d’une ascite non étiquetée. La patiente a consulté devant une augmentation de volume de l’abdomen et des douleurs abdominales, sans altération de l’état général dont le début remontait à 4 mois. Une échographie abdomino-pelvienne retrouve une ascite gélatineuse qui a été ponctionnée ramenant un liquide très dense, difficile à évacuer, cytologie : liquide exsudatif, des marqueurs tumoraux notamment les CA125 étaient normaux). Un scanner abdomino-pelvien chez la première patiente et une IRM pelvienne chez la seconde ont objectivé un épanchement ascitique de grande abondance avec cloisonnements, associé à des ilots denses pouvant correspondre à des implants développés sur le péritoine pariétal. La patiente est opérée, l’exploration retrouve une tumeur ovarienne droite gélatineuse rompue dans la grande cavité abdominale, une mucocèle appendiculaire, on a réalisé une ovariectomie bilatérale, une appendicectomie et une omentectomie. L’intervention s’est terminée par un lavage péritonéal abondant et un drainage dans le Douglas. Les résultats anatomopathologiques étaient en faveur d’un cystadénome mucineux de l’ovaire avec maladie gélatineuse et mucocèle de l’appendice. CONCLUSION : Des études génétiques et moléculaires récentes tendent à prouver que la tumeur primitive est celle de l'appendice, qui se localiserait secondairement au niveau de l'ovaire. L’évolution naturelle de la maladie est caractérisée par des récidives. Les métastases ganglionnaires et à distance sont exceptionnelles. En raison du petit nombre de cas, des protocoles sont difficiles à établir. La chirurgie première est réalisée pour pratiquer l’ablation de la tumeur responsable et pour évacuer l’ascite gélatineuse. Beaucoup d’auteurs conseillent de réaliser une appendicectomie et, chez la femme, une ovariectomie bilatérale. L’omentectomie est également préconisée par certains, on pratiquera le plus souvent une cœlioscopie, voire une laparotomie. La chirurgie est également le traitement de choix dans les récidives en utilisant les enzymes protéolytiques Actuellement l’efficacité de la chimiothérapie n’est pas clairement démontrée. Certains auteurs proposent une chimiothérapie intra péritonéale qui serait plus efficace. Les perspectives d’avenir reposent sur l’utilisation de nouvelles enzymes protéolytiques plus appropriées et aussi de chimiothérapie plus efficace. Le pronostic est péjoratif car la maladie évolue presque toujours vers l’échéance fatale.

Myome utérin géant chez la jeune femme : (À propos de deux cas) []


INTRODUCTION : Les fibromes utérins, proliférations encapsulées bénignes uni ou multinodulaires des fibres musculaires lisses du myomètre, ont une pathogénie assez mal connue expliquant l'absence de traitement étiologique. Ces lésions extrêmement fréquentes chez les femmes en période d'activité génitale (25-40 %), peuvent être trouvées dans plus de trois-quarts des utérus lors d'autopsies de femmes plus âgées OBSERVATION : Nous rapportons deux cas de fibrome utérin géant chez B.S, 28 ans, célibataire et étudiante et A.F 32 ans, célibataire et enseignante. Le tableau clinique était marqué par une anémie grave, des troubles menstruels et un syndrome de masse. Un traitement conservateur type myomectomie a été pratiqué dans les deux cas, les suites opératoires ont été simples. CONCLUSION : L'indication de myomectomie est tout à fait indiscutable chez de jeunes patientes désirant préserver leurs capacités de reproduction. Quelle que soit la technique choisie, laparotomie comme pour nos patientes ou laparoscopie, la qualité de la suture utérine conditionnera la solidité de l'utérus pendant la grossesse et pendant le travail. L'effraction de la cavité utérine doit être évitée, mais sa survenue n’empêche en rien le déroulement normal de grossesses ultérieures. Cependant cette technique conservatrice n'évite pas les récidives à moyen ou à long terme.

OPTIMIZATION OF GRANT FISHING VESSELS BASED IN PANGANDARAN, INDONESIA []


Fishing operations are one of the main livelihoods in the coastal areas. One of the coastal areas in southern West Java is Pangandaran Regency. Therefore, the potential of capture fisheries resources in Pangandaran must be utilized optimally. Resource use must be support-ed by ade-quate fishing units. In an effort to exploit the potential of marine fisheries, the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) has a program in the form of fishing unit assistance to fishermen. This program is in the form of providing fishing vessel assistance for fishermen. The condition of the grant vessel based in Pangandaran is not utilized optimally by fishermen. The purpose of this research is to find out the factors that cause the grant vessel not to be used by fishermen and the opportunity to utilize the grant vessel. This research conducted on August-September 2018 in the waters of Pangandaran Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The object of the study was the 55 units of grant vessels. The study was conducted using a case study method. The study was analyzed in a comparative descriptive. Data collection through field surveys conducted by interviewing fishermen and stakeholders using questionnaires that contains the physical identification of the vessels, the factors causing the vessel not to be utilized by fishermen, the extent to which the vessel is optimizing opportunities and what steps fishermen must take to be able to utilize the vessel in fishing operations. The existence of vessel transportation factors and the physical condition of the vessel that is not ap-propriate causes the grant vessel not to be used by fishermen, besides the legal process that is too long also becomes an obstacle. The physical condition of the grant vessel needs intensive repairs. Meanwhile, fishermen need infrastructure to support the repair of the vessel. The fisher-men have been optimizing the effort to utilize the grant vessel through independent repairs but at a high cost.

IDENTIFICATION OF BRACHYPELMA GENAR TARANTULA REPRODUCTION APPARATUS USING KNN AND SINGLE DECISION THRESHOLD METHOD []


In tarantula breeding, it takes a long time to wait for the tarantula to reach adulthood. If it have entered adulthood, we can distinguish the sex of the tarantula. In this study, a system was built which could predict the reproduction apparatus of the tarantula based on the parameters, a value that was determined according to the size of the tarantula. Based on several studies using the K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) which is an algorithm to classify these objects, also Single Decision Threshold method. We apply calculations based on learning data that are the closest distance to the object, and then will be proven using the rapidminer tool. The final result that will be obtained in the form of a prediction of the reproduction apparatus of the tarantula is the sex of male, female and unsex, with the accuracy rate is 96.35%.

3D Printers: Future of Anatomy and Humanity []


3D innovation is viewed as one of the progressive advances created by researchers and engineers in making lives a lot simpler and motivating to live in. The innovation has a wide assortment of use that cuts over various areas and fields. It is applied in modern designs, car design, buyer wares, biomedical engineering, anatomy, dentistry (dental) among others. To this end, this paper is fixated on the eventual fate of 3D printing in anatomy and mankind. The paper x-rayed the advancement and development of 3D printing innovation, the working standards of the 3D innovation and the types of 3D innovation. The zones of 3D printing application and utilization of 3D printers in anatomy were highlighted. It was revealed that that the 3D innovation shows a lot of chances in Nigeria (as a developing nation), that still grapples with the challenge of addressing needs of its residents in life structures where the use of the innovation guarantees immense answer for some intrinsic issues. It is recommended that 3D printing should be utilized as a genuine device for performing several anatomical operations and laboratory experiments in hospitals and health center in Nigeria.

ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENT DECISIONS AMONG FAMILIES OF DIFFERENT ECONOMICS INCOME LEVELS IN BAYELSA STATE []


The study investigated economic considerations in educational investment decisions among families of different economics income levels in Bayelsa State. The study adopted survey design, and a population of 15,430 heads of family were used in the study. The study adopted a stratified random sampling technique to determine a sample of 389 through the Taro Yamane formulae. Simple percentage would be used to perform bi-variate analyses of the responses of the various income levels in the study, namely urban and rural. The questionnaire captioned “Economic Considerations in Educational Investment Decisions among Families checklist (ECEIDFC)” was used in data collection. In ascertaining the content and face validity of the instrument, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Co-efficient (PPMCE) is used to determine a correlation coefficient of 0.82. Mean score and standard deviation were used to analyze the research questions while z- test was used to analyze the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha significant level. The study revealed that families; whether from the urban or the rural areas accepts high return to investment as one of the economic considerations in educational investment and hence concluded that Educational investment is just like any other investment, and hence there are a lot of economic factors that are put into considerations to ensure that the educational investment yields the best possible output. Based on the conclusion, the study recommended that the various members of the family, especially the family heads should treat educational investment as an investment that will be able to yield returns in a long or short run bases.