Volume 9, Issue 4, April 2021 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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RESEARCH/ SCAFFOLDING WRITING TECHNIQUE (ScaWT) TO ENHANCE WRITING COMPETENCY IN ESSAY COMPOSITION THROUGH AND ERROR ANALYSIS AND CORRECTION []


ABSTRACT SCAFFOLDING WRITING TECHNIQUE (ScaWT) TO ENHANCE WRITING COMPETENCY IN ESSAY COMPOSITION THROUGH AND ERROR ANALYSIS AND CORRECTION PRINCESS WARLENE S. MOYO Caloocan High School Polytechnic university of the Philippines “Practice makes perfect”, in order for aspiring writers to develop competence in writing, a venue for continuous development and improvement must be accepted. The writing competence cannot be reached in a snap of a finger; it takes sufficient time to do this. Thus, students have to practice to write regularly until they can produce a good writing. Scaffolding believes that when children start to learn new concepts, they need help from teachers and other adults in the form of active support. To begin with, they are dependents on their adult support, but as they become more independent in their thinking and acquire new skills and knowledge, the support can be slowly faded. As children gain confidence in a particular area, teachers might place them in a group to extend each other’s learning further. It’s also important that teachers recognize when a child is at the point where they begin to learn independently, and decisions can be made to set them free from the scaffolding. This action research tested the effectiveness of Scaffolding writing technique (ScaWT) through error analysis and correction. This paper aims to improve writing competency of Grade 10 respondents. Specifically, it sought to answers the following questions: 1). Based on the collected drafts, what is the error profile of the respondents, in terms of the following error categories: Grammatical; Mechanics; Lexical; and Syntactic; 2). How would the respondents improve their writing competence through the written works using scaffolding technique in process writing and error analysis? 3). What is the over-all writing competence level of the respondents based on their final draft? and 4). How effective scaffolding technique in process writing and error analysis? A descriptive- quantitative was used in the study to utilize the error analysis and correction of learners’ writing competency, specifically in grammar, mechanics, lexical, and syntactic. The researcher used the Science and Technology and Engineering (STE) Grade 10 students. Lastly, data results were collated, tallied, summarized, and treated to arithmetical and statistical computation using the following tools: 1) ANOVA; and 2) CHI- SQUARE TEST to determine the effectiveness of scaffolding to the number of errors committed. Based on the discussion of findings, it can be concluded that scaffolding using error analysis and correction and writing process is a helpful technique to improve students’ writing competency. Though the respondents failed to achieve an error-free activity, it is still a success for the number of errors in grammar, mechanics, lexical and syntactic, have decreased. With appropriate support from the teacher, students can increase their knowledge base, in order to start writing with competency particularly in used of grammar, mechanics, lexical and syntactic. Scaffolding allows the student to gradually acquire the skills and competencies they need in order to become an independent writer. Students move effortlessly through increasingly higher levels of writing to become skillful and competent learners. The success of this research has indicated that scaffolding will improve writing competency. As a conclusion, the usage of scaffolding through error analysis and correction and process writing has been found effective. Keywords: scaffolding, grammar, mechanics, lexical, syntactic, error, writing

RESEARCH/ RESPONSIBLE MEDIA USAGE PROGRAM (RMUP) TO ENHANCE MEDIA LITERACY OF STUDENT-JOURNALISTS OF CALOOCAN HIGH SCHOOL []


RESPONSIBLE MEDIA USAGE PROGRAM (RMUP) TO ENHANCE MEDIA LITERACY OF STUDENT-JOURNALISTS OF CALOOCAN HIGH SCHOOL PRINCESS WARLENE S. MOYO Caloocan High School Polytechnic University of the Philippines Media has been in the system of the students today. Media consumption has been undertaken seriously, for others may have spent 6-8hours a day just to give themselves the pleasure of the staring and glaring into the blue screen. Because of easy access to internet information, people may not want to even check the source of information, for it offers various information and checking it may be tedious thing to do. Some just get data from internet, even without checking the credibility of the source. One characteristic of a responsible journalist is being curious. Curious in the sense that one must not look only after to the news he/ she will write or report but look for the TRUTH. And truth comes along with CREDIBILITY, and this where media literacy comes in. “Media literacy, as defined by Aufderheide (1993), is the ability to decode, analyze, evaluate, and produce communication in different ways and forms.” According to McMahon 2003, media literacy serves as a surviving tool for the students to become analytical and critical in society, which eventually leads to greater chances of engaging themselves in social issues and activities. In addition, an increase on media exposure also increases the ability to search different avenues of knowledge and information which greatly help in student development (Moore, 2001). Responsible media user comes along with credibility and responsibility. This action research sought to answer the question: (1) How effective is RMUP in enhancing media literacy of student-journalists as responsible media user and messenger?; and (2) To what extent will the student- journalists use RMUP in writing factual and truthful news articles in their school publication? This intervention program is descriptive in nature for it tested the nature of understanding of the student-journalists on being responsible media users. A situational activity- questionnaire is given before and after the activity to check the level of media literacy of the respondents. A likert-scale is used to measure their answers. T-test, on the other hand, checked the effectiveness of the intervention program. At the end of the seminar/ program, student- journalist able to come up with a print-out of their school organ to check the effectiveness of the program and for further evaluation and improvement of the paper, based on their learning using RMUP, on the coming editions. Based on the discussion of findings, it can be concluded that RESPONSIBLE MEDIA USAGE PROGRAM (RMUP) is a helpful technique to improve students- journalists’ on media literacy for them to become credible and truthful servant of news and information. Key words: Media literacy, effectiveness, media, credibility

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MATERIALS IN TEACHING SOCIAL STUDIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW PAPER []


In the 21st century, learners are more flexible, innovative, and technologically oriented. The main purpose of this study is to discuss the attributes of the development and an evaluation of learning materials in Social science. This study will focus on the relevance of interactive learning materials in the k-12 curriculum, the benefits of interactive learning materials, the impact of interactive learning materials in education, effects of interactive learning materials relevant to the development and the evaluation of learning materials. Related studies reveal that interactive learning materials are effective in facilitating learners. It promotes a collaborative learning and an engagement where students enjoy interactive learning environment. Therefore, the development. and an evaluation of interactive learning materials in teaching social studies will measure students' academic performance, increase motivation and encourage a participation. Keywords: Interactive learning Materials, Interactive learning environment, Collaborative learning, Engagement

Effects of Distance Learning Modality in the Performance of Pupils under New Normal []


Education should never stop. Whatever circumstances may appear, the learnings that are meant to be given for all kinds of learners, even in the event of pandemic, must be present. This paper presents articles discussing about how this new normal of education creates a huge impact and changes in the learning deliveries for students of new century. How these changes affect the performance of students in their subjects, their attitudes towards the different challenges, and enumerate the pros and cons in the educational system under this new normal. The primary resources of this paper were taken from different international and local studies and journals. Related studies have been discussing that students were able to performs tasks given to them by simply clicking buttons in their computers or gadgets, or by having an interaction in real time or asynchronously with their teachers from far away. This allows students to access quality education under new normal.

THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHORIC ACID MODIFICATION OF Manihot esculenta (CASSAVA) PEELS BIOMASS ON ADSORPTION OF HEAVY METAL FROM AQEUOUS SOLUTION []


The equilibrium sorption of the cassava peel modified with phosphoric acid was studied using nickel aqueous solutions. The study revealed that acid modification of the cassava peel adsorbent enhances it capacity for metal uptake even at relatively high concentation compared to the unmodified form. The data so obtained were fitted into Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The R2 value of Langmuir isotherm model was the highest for both ions. The maximum monolayer coverage (Qm) from Langmuir isotherm model was determined as; Qm 27.778 mg/g, KL (L/mg) 0.007 and R2 was 0.978. Also from Freundlich Isotherm model, the sorption intensity (n) which indicates favourable sorption and the correlation value are 1.560 and R2 was determined as 0.693.

Utilization of Modular Distance Learning []


There has been an extreme change in education and educators face a massive challenge in their teaching and learners were in uncertainty. This is the most critical year for education. The normal learning and teaching of learners and teachers within the school has been delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To ensure the continuity of education, the Department of Education has made a way to the implementation of Modular Distance Learning as a vital response to this pandemic. At present, the government is still in the process of adapting to the new normal form of education. Educators’ open-mindedness for their continuous enhancements and innovations and the stakeholders and community active support and involvement are the driving force for its success. The key purpose of this research is to find out the challenges encountered, opinions, and recommendations of teachers, parents, and students in the utilization of Modular Distance Learning.

Premature Democracy: The Root Cause Of Lack Of Political Participation In Cameroon []


Abstract: The paper sets out to investigate premature democracy and identity politics as the foundation of disorder in Cameroon. This study explores survey approach with the use of primary and secondary sources. The finding revealed that Cameroon has witnessed a fail democracy in both micro and macro states of Cameroon. The faraway democracy has contributed to endemic poverty, corruption and political intimidation which discouraged youth’s participation in election. The hindrance has given emergence to survival of fittest as young people engaged in feymanism and presently digital scamming. The study further found out that, the miscarriage democracy has equally facilitated bushfalling phenomenon which has tarnished the image of Cameroon home and abroad. The paper recommends that, the type of democracy suitable for multi ethnicity state like Cameroon is consociational democracy. Secondly the government of Cameroon should empower the youths by giving more opportunities for youths in position of leadership, voting age should be reduce to 18 years and appointee should not be more than 10 years in office. Key Words: Cameroon, Premature Democracy, Politics, Participation

Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitutional System []


Abstract: Since the 17th Century, human thinking has been veering round to the theory that man has certain essential, basic, natural and inalienable rights or freedoms and it is the function of the state to recognize these rights and freedoms and allow them free. The philosophical background of Indian Constitutional Law in general and of fundamental rights in particular has been matter of great debate. Fundamental rights are mostly essential for the all round development of Individual. These fundamental rights help not only in protection but also the prevention of gross violations of human rights. Fundamental rights are very fundamental in the governance of the state. The authors acknowledge that the natural rights and position later on has adopted by the Supreme Court has a socialistic tendency which is at variance with western philosophy. Fundamental rights were deemed essential to protect the rights and liberties of the people against the encroachment of the power.

Designing an Idealistic Convention Centre Considering Users Behavioral Techniques []


Abstract The psychological effects of designing spaces cannot be overemphasized especially in spaces for large gatherings like convention and exhibition centers. Convention center designs are multi-users facilities that encourage large gatherings and interactions. The purpose of this article is to understand the compatibility of and rapport between the physical space and the behavioural aspect of the architectural spaces in a convention center. This paper looks at the ideal convention center as in interaction between its users in the spaces designed for thereby promoting, social interaction, satisfaction and user-friendliness. These design considerations will be fully discussed in this article.

THE EFFECTS OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, AND DIVISION OF LABOR TOWARDS LABOR PRODUCTIVITY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE PERFOMANCE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ACTIVISTS: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


The government's goal of establishing civil society activists is to carry out self-help activities in rural areas in order to achieve regional de-velopment, alleviate poverty, and reduce inter-regional disparities. The situation at the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvan-taged Regions, and Transmigration show that the majority of villages in Indonesia are underdeveloped villages with the conditions of edu-cation and training, division of labor, labor productivity, and the performance of civil society activists are not yet optimal. This paper sets out to develop a conceptual model for testing the effects of education and training, and division of labor towards labor productivity and its impacts on the performance of civil society activists. Literature review, conceptual model, hypotheses development, and research meth-odology are discussed. Practicing this paper would instantly provide information about the relationship of the education and training, division of labor, labor productivity, and the performance of civil society activists at the Indonesian Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration.

Dairy Products Consumption and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Moroccan population: Evidence from BOLD study []


Background: Evidence suggested that dairy products have an important role in either the development or prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). But No study has been done in the Moroccan context. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between the consumption of dairy products and COPD in Moroccan population. Methods: A cross sectional study carried in Fez city, seven hundred sixty Moroccan Adults with acceptable spirometry were included in this study. the dietary habits and food intakes were collected using an adaptation of the Moroccan Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The data were evaluated by binary logistic regression analysis, Student's t, and Chi-square tests. Results : Among 760 people with acceptable spirometry, 53.9% were women. The average age was 55.2 ± 10.20 years. 18,7% were Smokers and 8.6 % ex-smokers. The whole prevalence of COPD was 14.1%, The inverse association with the COPD risk were observed between the consumption of whole milk the adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.36, 95% CI [0.27 - 0.48], Unskimmed milk OR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.37 - 0.89], Soy Milk OR = 0.56, 95% CI [0.34 - 0.78], probiotic-rich yogurt OR = 0.4, 95% CI [0.20 - 0.73]. In addition, the risk of COPD increases with the consumption of skimmed milk, OR = 2.8, 95% CI [1.37 - 3.16]. Conclusion: The study provided evidence of an inverse association between dairy product consumption and the risk of COPD for Moroccan adults.

USE OF SHIPPING CONTAINERS AS A SUSTAINABLE BUILD-ING CONSTRUCTION METHOD (RESUBMISSION TRACKING ID:49342) []


General hypotheses are that increase in building construction has an effect on the rate of climate change and the climate change is attributed to increased green house gas emissions in the atmosphere as building materials are being extracted and or manufactured. This paper however presents the sustainable means of building construction using shipping containers in relation to ordinary masonry construction. Two structures of the same size and shape (29m x 20m, three storeys) but of different materials (shipping containers and masonry) were designed and the quantities of carbondioxide and embodied energy emissions computed for each of the structures and results compared. The Process-based analysis method was chosen and used in embodied energy calculation as its one of the most widely used method of embodied energy (EE) analysis and it delivers more accurate and reliable results and data required can usually be obtained [1], [2] , the QE-CO2 method was used in the computation of carbondioxide emissions. Results indicated that the Container Building had a smaller amount of embodied energy (2,073,201MJ (Mega Joules) compared to the Ordinary Masonry structure at 3,657,718MJ. Similarly the Container Building had a smaller amount of Carbon Emissions (221,118KgCO2/Kg) compared to the Ordinary Masonry structure at 435,754KgCO2/Kg and thus the study concluded that by using shipping containers we considerably save 43.3% in Embodied energy and 49.3% CO2 emissions and therefore the choices of materials and construction methods can significantly change the amount of energy embodied and carbondioxide emissions in a building structure since embodied energy and carbondioxide content varies enormously between products and materials hence the findings of the study recommended the use of shipping containers than masonry type of building.

A REVIEW OF DROWSY DRIVER MONITORING SYSTEM: FALSE ALERTS []


ABSTRACT In any monitoring system, like the drowsy driver monitoring system, it is expected that the system must give accurate result or at least give a range of expected positive results, but when such result is not achieved as expected due to errors resulting in false alerts or alarm, it makes the efforts in setting up the system useless. So in a drowsy driver monitoring system we will look at the causes of false alerts and suggest ways to get it controlled.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF E- LEARNING MODELS TO INVESTIGATE THE VALUES OF MODELS FOR SPECIFIED LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM []


he paper is a comparative analysis of some basic models of E-learning process and to investigate values of these models for specified E-learning. These models have been digested, which are used by different researchers for educational technology. These models play very important role for e-learning process development and enhancement. Three models have been reviewed from various researches, compared and an analysis of a suitable framework for the design prototype will be tabulated and discussed based on their material, instructional and technological needs and also assess their strength, weakness and suitability during an E-learning design process. The models compared are Funnel Model (FM), ADDIE and Life Cycle Model (LCM) for E-learning. The analysis shows that FM seems to be the most expensive, LCM on the other hand is time consuming as such, ADDIE model has little shortcoming due to its prototyping approach, it consumes time also. Although, ADDIE is much faster than LCM. On the other, taking into account their effectiveness, all the models compared are suitable based on the situation and required E-learning System target and approach to learning process. FM provides detailed report and takes into account completion of each stage before advancing to next stage, ADDIE promotes flexible and simple build and fix approach before problems escalates. As such, LCM makes sure each stage is reviewed and finally evaluation takes place. In a situation where effective evaluation is needed and time is not of essence, LCM can be adopted. Conclusively, several E-learning models are in existence and their approaches and activities can furthermore be assessed and compared. Moreover, a hybrid type of model can also be applied there by taking into consideration the effective review and evaluation approach of LCM is coupled with the swift, robust and easy going approach of ADDIE model for a successful E-learning design and implementation.

Abudance Of Sea Cucumber (Holothuroidea) in Seagrass Density In The Waters Of The Coast Of Mertasari, Subdistrict Of Denpasar, Bali []


This research did at Mertasari Beach, West Sanur Village, South Denpasar Region, Bali in august 2018. the purpose of this research is to know about abudance and kin of sea cucumber species more over analisys relation between sea cucumber and lush of seagrass at different place in Mertasari Beach. The method that used for this research is survey method with 1m x 1m kuadrate transect tools with 3 times survey repeated, and the result found 3 kind of seagrass species, Thalanssia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, and Cymodocea rotundata with highest lushness in Enhalus acoroides 93,77 stands/m2. sea cucumber that found is 82 individuals from Holothuria atra and Synapta maculata species with each presentage 100% species Synapta maculata in station 1. Holothuria atra with 3,1% in station 2, and Synapta maculata species 93,5%. average of uniformity is 0,15 low category, and dominance 0,94 with high category. the analisys of the highest organic substance is in station 3 with 11,94% with medium and substrate sand type. value of correlation between sea cucumber abudance and seagrass density in Mertasari beach in stong category. Keywords : Mertasari beach, seagrass, sea cucumber, abundace, community structure, correlation

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN ECONOMICS: A LITERATURE REVIEW ARTICLE []


Giving assessment should be authentic and measurable. Development and evaluation of performance assessment in Economics will help the teachers in diagnosing learners’ performance and giving feedbacks. The goal of this study is to discuss the brief history and present-day view of performance assessment, importance of performance assessment in education, teachers’ perceptions on the evaluation of performance assessment, students’ behavior on the evaluation of performance assessment and challenges in using performance assessment connected with the development and evaluation of performance assessment in Economics. Thus, it provides an equitable measurement of student’s performance and produce accurate measurement of the knowledge, skills and abilities of students in a given performance assessment based on the developed evaluation. Lastly, it analyzes how evaluation of performance assessment could help educators in giving an accurate judgement. Relative studies expose that development and evaluation of performance assessment.

MARANG RESORT CASE STUDY RESEARCH []


Abstract In the early days of man’s origin, movement from place to place was solely in search of food and new localization. This need grew insatiable in the areas of clothing, shelter, healthcare, recreation, economic growth, education, etc. innovations in transportation and the new media also helped to escalate growth in the sector of tourism. Man’s activities in the built up areas and advances in science and technology has led to serious environmental degradation which poses a serious risk on our wellbeing on planet earth. Addressing this environmental issues contributed by tourist activities each year, brought about the establishment of global sustainable tourism council (GSTC) and the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). Tourism is about putting people and the planet first. This study investigates the architecture and design of Marang resort, Malaysia and how it addresses this trending environmental issues. A further research was done to ascertain the project contribution to its local community, environmental impact and the application of materials and method of construction. This Author concludes by given recommendations for further research. The research method employed was document analysis, online review and analysing of already published research on in the sector of sustainable tourism and eco-resorts. Keywords: Sustainability, Tourism, Eco-tourism. Resort planning, Marang resort.

SUSTAINABLE ECO-TOURISM: A case study of Marang resort and safari, Malaysia. []


Abstract In the early days of man’s origin, movement from place to place was solely in search of food and new localization. This need grew insatiable in the areas of clothing, shelter, healthcare, recreation, economic growth, education, etc. innovations in transportation and the new media also helped to escalate growth in the sector oftourism. Man’s activities in the built up areas and advances in science and technology has led to serious environmental degradation which poses a serious risk on our wellbeing on planet earth. Addressing this environmental issues contributed by tourist activities each year, brought about the establishment of global sustainable tourism council (GSTC) and the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). Tourism is about putting people and the planet first. This study investigates the architecture and design of Marang resort, Malaysia and how it addresses this trending environmental issues. A further research was done to ascertain the project contribution to its local community, environmental impact and the application of materials and method of construction. This Author concludes by given recommendations for further research. The research method employed was document analysis, online review and analysing of already published research on in the sector of sustainable tourism and eco-resorts. Keywords: Sustainability, Tourism, Eco-tourism. Resort planning, Marang resort

REVIEW ; FISH SKIN COLLAGEN []


The purpose of this review article is to explain the potential of fish skin as a collagen raw material, collagen extraction methods, and collagen application. Based on the proximate composition, the skin of several types of fish has the potential to be used as raw material for collagen. Collagen isolation consists of several stages including pretreatment, collagen extraction (enzymatic and chemical methods) and finishing. Yield and characteristics of fish skin collagen are influenced by the type of fish, extraction method, extraction technique and concentration and immersion time. The use of fish skin collagen extract includes for the food, cosmetics and pharma-ceutical industries.

ANTIBIOGRAM OF AVIAN PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI IN SCAVENGING LOCAL CHICKEN IN MOROGORO , TANZANIA []


Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is responsible for the annual million-dollar loss in the poultry industry worldwide. This research aimed at investigating the occurrence and antimicrobial pattern of APEC among scavenging local chickens. A total of 400 cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were obtained, out of which 192 Escherichia coli were isolated. By use of virulence factor profiling, these 192 samples were screened for the presence of 16 virulence factors by multiplex PCR. All 192 samples harbored at least one of the 16 virulence genes and 19 of them carried at least four, making them APEC. The virulence traits ibeA, iss, traT and chuA were observed to lead the chart with percentages of 84.21, 78.95, 63.16 and and 52.63 respectively. In the pathogenesis of APEC, Iron acquisition, serum resistance, toxins and invasins were found to be very significant (P<0.05). The antimicrobial sensitivity testing, 10.52% of the strains showed multi-drug resistance. All the isolates were sensitive to gentamycin and imipenem drugs whiles none of them were sensitive to cephalothin. Occurrence of virulence strains of APEC in Morogoro region of Tanzania is alarming

JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTION OF TEACHERS: A LITERATURE REVIEW ARTICLE []


This exploratory paper aimed to review the various articles that explain the relationship between job satisfaction and the turnover intention of teachers both in local and international public and private educational institutions. In particular, it aimed to identify the factors contributing to job satisfaction, reasons for teachers to leave the teaching profession, and the research gaps on predictors of job satisfaction and relative factors for the teachers’ turnover intention. It reviewed published articles in online international journals from the year 2010-2020. The review focused on the findings and conclusions of the articles reviewed. The paper revealed that job satisfaction and turnover of teachers are closely correlated and that teachers’ dissatisfaction has immensely led to teachers’ turnover. It identified the different factors relating to the teachers’ job satisfaction and teachers’ turnover intention such as pay, reward and recognition, work itself, promotion, and supervision. However, the literature reviewed showed limited findings on other external factors such as workload or teacher preparation, student behavior, and parent support which also affect the job satisfaction and turnover of teachers.

Survey on challenges and solution application of Knuth mariith,Ago Corasick,Wu Moore algorithm in snort intrusion detection system (IDs) []


This paper presents different techniques used but intrusion detection system to detect malware,components of snort intrusion detection system and performance bottlenecks,challenges faced faced by some of the of the system in packet inspection.And also the the paper present challenges and performance improvement,of some propose pattern matching algorithm such as Knuth mariith,aho-Corrasick and algorithms

Organizational Management []


Organizational management is a broad spectrum of interwoven steps towards achieving a holistic strategic success in stemming organization goals and targets. Managing organizations entails ensuring that management systems are effective through the proper application of the right tools and adequate resources. The primary objectives for this book includes the following: this is more or less an attempt to provide ready guidance to managers, expert and organization development consultants working to provide capacity building services to organizations; organizational management entails the systematic application of management systems to perform the stipulated functions by necessarily providing continuous training and capacity building for them to become more efficient and effective in the running of the business; the key challenge in management is the successful mobilization and judicious use of resources and how efficiently and effectively they can be applied; it is also a straight forward and detailed presentation of the essential knowledge and skills training a team will require to effectively carryout its functions in the organization. Managing teams in organizations involves so many steps towards achieving an effective team model. Two team building models or approaches are presented, namely the relationship and technical skills models. However, the consultant will still have to find the extra exercises and instruments required, depending on the data available to him/her, to provide an acceptable team building facility for the client. The three other streams of organizational management tackled in the book are the strategic, research, and technological tools applied to achieve the set objectives and targets. Strategies are implemented in the decision making process to enable organizations achieve their goals. Research on the other hand, is the systematic and scientific process of determining the needs of organizations and the recommended methods to resolve them. Research in organizations begins with organizational assessment to determine its strengths and weaknesses and what it needs now and in the future. Technology is what an organization is able to do through its research projects to ease or eliminate the fatigue of doing things haphazardly. Technology is the new way of doing things and offers the best criteria to success.

Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitutional System []


Abstract: Since the 17th Century, human thinking has been veering round to the theory that man has certain essential, basic, natural and inalienable rights or freedoms and it is the function of the state to recognize these rights and freedoms and allow them free. The philosophical background of Indian Constitutional Law in general and of fundamental rights in particular has been matter of great debate. Fundamental rights are mostly essential for the all round development of Individual. These fundamental rights help not only in protection but also the prevention of gross violations of human rights. Fundamental rights are very fundamental in the governance of the state. The authors acknowledge that the natural rights and position later on has adopted by the Supreme Court has a socialistic tendency which is at variance with western philosophy. Fundamental rights were deemed essential to protect the rights and liberties of the people against the encroachment of the power.

Impact of the Stakeholders to the School Improvement and Learners Academic Performance []


Stakeholders play a vital role in the improvement of Education in many schools in the public and private sectors. The partnership between the school administration, parents, community, and business entities creates an impact on the school's development that may primarily affect the learner's academic performance. The main objective of this study is to know what are these impacts to the school improvement and to the learner's academic performance and how this partnership between the stakeholders and the school affects the learners by identifying its role and significance.

ASSESSMENT OF TEAMWORK EFFECTIVENESS AMONG COLLEGES OF EDUCATION STAFF – GHANA []


ABSTRACT This study examined teamwork effectiveness among the staff of the Colleges of Education in Ghana. Quantitative descriptive study design was used. The participants of the study involved the Colleges of Education staff. The total of 105 staff (both the academic and the non-academic) members from selected colleges participated in the study. The study sample was selected using purposeful sampling technique. Data collected was coded and analyzed using frequencies, percentages and means. The Cronbach alpha (α) reliability analysis was carried out and the returned α values of 0.75, 0.68, 0.80, and 0.65 were obtained on the constructs team’s: purpose and goals, roles, relationship and passion and commitment respectively. The average respondents’ rates of the effective team practices per construct include team’s: purpose and goals (70.9%), roles setting (68.4%), relationship (61.3%), and passion and commitment (70.0%). Based on the findings, it was concluded that the staff of the Colleges of Education have a constructive attitude toward teamwork. Periodic assessments on staff performances on effective teamwork practices in college bases to check the progress of teamwork effectiveness was recommended.

WAYS OF COMBATING RANSOMWARE ATTACK IN THIS GLOBAL VILLAGE USING PREEMPTIVE APPROACH. []


Abstract The world recently has been faced with different magnitude of attacks by ransomware malware increasingly by the day. This has rendered both individuals and organizations incapacitated, majorly in the field of computer and information technology. There is no infallible solution for protecting against ransomware as the malware code uses metamorphic and polymorphic algorithms to generate different versions, thereby evading signature detection. Ransomware also uses domain generator algorithms (DGA) to generate new domains for the command and control server (C&C), they constantly exploit new vulnerabilities; hence, for an individual or organization to protect itself, an adaptive security architecture is required for constant monitoring of the system to detect new ransomware infection at an early stage and blocked it before encryption of the files are done. This approach is a defense in depth approach that supplements the network defenses such as patch management, antivirus software, intrusion detection, firewalls, and content filtering. A framework for implementing the preempt and preventive security architecture model using open source software is presented, and the proposed framework is tested against the WannaCry and Petya Ransomware. The proposed framework was successfully able to alert of the ransomware attack and, it was even possible to prevent the ransomware from executing on the victim host.

In silico Study of Adenylyl Cyclase Type 2 Inhibitors []


Adenylyl cyclase type 2 (ADCY2) is a membrane-associated enzyme responsible for tumor metastasis and progression of many cancer types and therefore can be considered as a therapeutic target. The synthesis of the molecules under investigation in this study, including 4-amino-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione (UA1) and 4-(2-hydroxybenzalidine) amine-5-(2-hydroxy) phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (UA2), was done at 160oC through fusion technique, are effective inhibitor of ADCY2 enzyme. The UA1 and UA2 were structurally characterized using FTIR and NMR. We analyzed the binding interaction of these compounds with ADCY2 by molecular docking. The docked energy calculated for UA1 and UA2: -4.4328 and -5.2686 kcal/mol respectively. This study would help to design new anti-cancerous agents to improve the therapeutic options against cancer.

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Problems in Nigeria: Measures for Alleviation []


Energy is one criteria for measuring the growth and success of a nation. Efficient and clean energy contributes to economic growth and offers comfortable living condition for humans. Nigeria is blessed with abundant sources of clean and renewable energy. Unfortunately, Nigeria has not utilized such efficient, reliable and clean energy in generating the required electricity to the taste of its citizens as there has been crisis and inconsistency in power supply for some decades. In the quest to improve the energy state of the country, the Nigeria government has tried its best by setting up some energy policies and plans, but due to poor administration, there has been little or no positive results. In buildings, more than half of the energy generated is utilized in residential and commercial buildings. In spite of the fact that the country is dominated by the hot-dry and warm humid climate, Nigeria has not been able to generate the required quantity of energy needed for the regulation of indoor air temperature, industrial and domestic activities. The country has been overly dependent on the use of fossil fuel for generating energy that has spawned negative effects on the environment- the emission of harmful gases such as the chlorofluorocarbon (CHFs) which has contributed to global warming. This paper unveils the energy crisis in Nigeria and analyses recent surveys that reveals the state of power supply and the rate of energy utilization in some residential buildings. This paper also discusses some alleviation measures for the energy problem in Nigeria by emphasizing on the use of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) - a renewable energy source and a potential for clean and efficient energy. Most importantly, for the design and construction of buildings, it further discusses effective energy efficient design and construction measures that architects and engineers should adopt. Keywords: Energy Efficiency; Energy Conservation; Renewable Energy; Hot-dry & Warm Humid zone; Sustainable Development, Design, Construction.

THE ECONOMIC ASPECT OF FISHING OF FLYING FISH (Decapterus spp.) IN BELAWAN OCEAN FISHERY PORT OF NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE []


This research took place at the Belawan Ocean Fishery Port, which is part of the administrative area of Medan City, North Sumatra. The present study aims to analyze the costs, benefits and level of financial viability of the fishing business of Flying Fish in Belawan Ocean Fishery Port and to examine problems and recommendations for developing the fishing business of Flying Fish in Belawan Ocean Fishery Port. The sample in this study was determined using accidental sampling technique. The results of research observations show that the fishing results of Belawan fishermen per trip are 2,311 kg with an average selling price of IDR 23,833 / kg. The net income of a fishermen's employer is IDR 23,200,000 with an average total production cost of IDR 14,833,333, an average investment cost of IDR 48,055,555, and an R/C benefit value of 1.46. To increase the potential for the development of the fishing business of Flying Fish in Belawan Ocean Fishery Port, it can be done by improving the fishing technology and must have adequate infrastructure and also be accompanied by a good fish supply and fish distribution system.

Environmental Information and Sales Growth of Manufacturing Companies: A Perspective from Signaling Theory []


Abstract Business organizations are facing unprecedented challenges to change their production process in order to reduce their negative impact on the environment. Stakeholders are making it known to business organizations that they are not ready to do business with organizations that damage the environment in which they operate their business. Stakeholders are therefore making it mandatory for the business organization to engage in positive environmentally friendly business activities. Connection has been established between the environmental activities of business organizations and sales growth. Business organizations that intend to increase their value through increment in the sales figure must engage in environmentally friendly business. This study examined the relevance of environmental information to the sales growth. Relevant literature on environmental information and sales growth was analyzed to arrive at conclusion. The finding of the study indicates that business organizations that intend to growth their sales figure must engage in environmentally friendly business activities. It is no more possible for business organizations to look other way and try to pretend when it comes to issues relating to the impact of their activities on the environment. Business organizations need to communicate their stance on the environment to their stakeholders. This communication is normally done through the environmental information in the annual reports. The study concluded that engaging in environmental activities by the business organization and report such in the annual reports is a prerequisite for positive sales growth. Keywords: Environmental information, Sales growth, Signaling theory, Stakeholders, Business organization, Corporate growth

Education Innovation in Learning Magnitude: A Challenge in Adaptation of the New Norms for Sustainable Educational Development []


Educational Innovation in Learning Magnitude: A Challenge in Adaptation of the New Norms for Sustainable Educational Development such as 1) connectivity reveals that stakeholders relied too much on the digital platforms mode of learning amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and experience lot of learning constraints; 2) economics is likely to be the major learning obstacles that they consider as an “additional financial burdens” as it reduces the capacity of the household to sustain the academic requirement in face of the pandemic environment. 3) Transmittal reveals the likelihood of an additional burden to learners as they find difficulties in sending output and reports for their academic requirements and meeting deadlines. 4) risk reveal that learners has the feeling of fear for infection of the virus as there is no guarantee of being safe considering that the virus is unseen. They also consider this as learning barriers because even if they strongly follow the protocol, safety is not a guarantee. 5) Graphical location on the other hand reveals that the learners suffers much on the condition where they have the feeling of being deprived from enjoying the new digital educational platform as designed to combat the unfavorable condition brought by the pandemic. Generally, the Educational Innovation in Learning Magnitude: A Challenge in Adaptation of the New Norms for Sustainable Educational Development faces an extraordinary educational curtailment and this shows “positive indicators” that the adaptation of the new normal is no longer new, hence the desired immersion of change to the new educational platform requires the (LGU) “Local Government Unit) to invest more on digital connectivity which provide access to many stakeholders making the “new” normal becomes the “normal way of life.

Prevalence of sexual gender based violence and associated risk factors among adolescent girls in Nyagatare District, Rwanda []


Approximately 15 million adolescent girls (aged 15 to 19) worldwide have experienced forced sex (forced sexual inter-course or other sexual acts) at some point in their life. Out of these, 9 million adolescent girls were victimized within the past year. In Rwanda, sexual gender based Violence (SGBV) in and around schools exists. Recent statistics from MIGEPROF point out that around 17 000 young female adolescents aged between 16 and 17 years were impregnated. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of sexual gender based violence among adolescent girls in Nyagatare district. A cross-sectional survey with quantitative method was employed. A sample of 196 adolescents girls attending schools at Nyagatare District, calculated using Fisher formula were included in this study. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed by the use of SPSS version 21. Findings were presented in forms of frequencies and percentages in tables. Factors associated with sexual gender based violence were achieved by means of chi square statistical test for significance for both bivariate and multivariate analysis. The findings of this study revealed that sexual gender based violence occurred among majority of participants (64.3%). It was noted that the vulnerability to sexual gender based violence increases with age. For instance, adolescents in the age group of 17-19 years (OR=44; 95%CI=5.302-365.114; P<0.001) were much more likely to suffer from sexual gender based violence. It was noted that the odd of being a victim of sexual gender based violence was high among Catholic religion (OR=1.79; 95%CI=0.814-3.95, P=0.147). On the other hand, those who do not drink alcohol (OR=0.062; 95%CI=0.025-0.153; P<0.001) were less likely to have sexual gender based violence. It was concluded that the prevalence of sexual gender based violence among adolescence girls was 64.3% which is a bit higher than national level (23.9%). Living alone, educational level, the amount of received money from the family, drinking alcohol, and mother being beaten by father were risk factors associated with sexual gender based violence among adolescent girls in Nyagatare District. It was recommended that the pre-established measure to fight against sexual gender based violence should be strengthened in order to decrease this particular prevalence. The district health officers in partnership with NGOs should approach those adolescent girls living alone for the sake of counseling and helping them accordingly.

Employee Engagement and Transformation Leadership in Hotel, Thailand []


This research aimed to investigate transformation leadership affecting on organization engagement among people worked in hotel of Thailand. Data were collected based on the populations residing in hotel of Thai-land totaling 400 subjects to complete data analysis using multiple regression analysis. The result found that transformational leadership were affected on organization engagement accounting over 64.0 percent statistically significant at 0.05. The transformation leadership consisted of four components: idealized influenced, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. There are five components for organization engagement: acceptance of the goals and values of the organization, ded-icated to work for the success of the organization, maintain a membership in the organization, prevented reputation and organization image, and satisfaction in organization. The implication this study show that the organization engagement of hotel employees in Thailand should promote the transformation leadership in individual-ized consideration aspect.