Volume 11, Issue 12, December 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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Empowering Geospatial Information for Sudan Sustainable Land Governance []


This paper presents the recommended specifications for the collection and maintenance of property mapping information for Sudan Federal States. It contains the information required to ensure that the geospatial property information collected is standardized, corresponds to best practices adapted to Sudan and address the challenges of land information in Sudan, to provide geospatial land information, to be in line with the best international. Cadastral data in Sudan has a hug spectrum of stockholder/users. The main objective of this paper is to analysis and design a cadastral system for Sudan, focusing in the ways to enhance this traditional system with special consideration to the international best practices. The paper highlighted, the current design and validation of Sudan Cadastral domain model, the development of integrated Land Governance system, the establishment of geospatial data sharing of Land Information and Land Admiration in support of Land Governance.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) based decision support systems in mental health []


An investigating the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) based decision support systems in mental health care settings was undertaken of published literature between 2016 and 2021 across six databases. Four studies met the research question and the inclusion criteria. The primary theme identified was trust and confidence. To date, there is limited research regarding the use of AI-based decision support systems in mental health. Our review found that significant barriers exist regarding its incorporation into practice primarily arising from uncertainty related to clinician’s trust and confidence, end-user acceptance and system transparency. More research is needed to understand the role of AI in assisting treatment and identifying missed care. Researchers and developers must focus on establishing trust and confidence with clinical staff before true clinical impact can be determined. Finally, further research is required to understand the attitudes and beliefs surrounding the use of AI and related impacts for the wellbeing of the end-users of care. This review highlights the necessity of involving clinicians in all stages of research, development and implementation of artificial intelligence in care delivery. Earning the trust and confidence of clinicians should be foremost in consideration in implementation of any AI-based decision support system. Clinicians should be motivated to actively embrace the opportunity to contribute to the development and implementation of new health technologies and digital tools that assist all healthcare professionals in identifying missed care before it occurs as a matter of importance for public safety and ethical implementation. AI-based decision support tools in mental health settings show the most promise as the trust and confidence of clinicians are achieved. KEY-WORDS: artificial intelligence, machine learning, mental health, nursing.

Organization of veterinary service in Samarkand province during the years of independence []


In the years of independence, a lot of works were done in the field of veterinary medicine in Samarkand region. This, in turn, had a positive effect on the improvement of the general indicators of the Republic. This article is devoted to the organization of veterinary service in Samarkand province during the years of independence and its results.

Community service at a medical college: a staff member experience and students’ impact []


This article describes community service activities by a radiology professor and students to provide free medical services to employees and workers at a university. The experience was conducted over a period of about ten years and included basic medical services such as blood pressure checks, ultrasounds of the neck, and referrals to other medical providers when necessary. The project also involved social activities such as parties, meals, and clothes to the employees and workers. The activities were well-received by the university community and were an example of how an academic person can encourage his students to make a difference in the lives of others.

Exploring psychological triggers of screen shopping among female adults []


Abstract This qualitative research focuses on exploring the psychological triggers of screen-shopping among female adults. The Data was taken from females aged 18-25 with a sample size of (N=12). There was one questionnaire designed for measuring psychological triggers behind screen-s hopping. Interview survey research design was used. The interview was of 15 minutes followed by ethical considerations of APA. Data was collected through a purposive sampling technique and audio recorded as per the consent of participants. It was analyzed by reflexive thematic analysis Braun, et al., (2023). Collected data was then transcribed and translated and themes were generated on the basis of codes. The results reveal that emotional states play a fundamental role in screen shopping behavior. Opinionated behaviour was also observed, indicating occasional, leisure time, trend-following, addictive, and anxiety-driven scrolling. Self-soothing and seeking instant gratification were found to influence behavioral responses. Participants reported that reviews and price influenced their shopping decisions, while a sense of unease in online purchases was also observed. It was observed that online shopping has a negative impact on adult females' shopping behavior. Retail therapy effects among participants.

The Impact of Moderated Whatsapp Text Messaging Groups for Improving Maternal and New Born Referral Outcomes among Health Facilities: A case study of Mansa General Hospital, Luapula Province, Zambia. []


Background Zambia has a fertility rate of 4.98 births per woman aged 15-49 years, as the population continues to grow steadily, maternal deaths continue to a major cause of death for women. 2018 maternal associated deaths were a 4th leading cause of deaths among women of childbearing age, accounting for 17.2% deaths in women aged 15-49 in Zambia. Between 1990 and 2013, maternal mortality rate in Zambia declined by 0.56% per annum. The study sought to investigate the impact of moderated whatsapp messaging groups for improving maternal and new born referral outcomes among health facilities: A case study of Mansa General Hospital, Luapula Province, Zambia. Methods Mixed methods was used on all pregnant women who were referred to Mansa General Hospital (MGH) from four districts in Luapula Province from 2018 to 2021. A total of 2096 referrals made to Mansa General Hospital were reviewed both those sent via moderated whatsapp messaging groups and those sent without posting on the moderated whatsapp group. Results More mortalities were recorded when no prior communication was done with 2021 (n=14) being the highest. It however, also had shown that less mortalities were recorded during the same period when communication was done prior to sending the referral cases with 2020 (n=0) recording no maternal death. More new born mortalities were recorded with no prior communication with the highest being 2018 (n=60) and less new born mortalities were recorded with prior communication during the same period with 2021 being the lowest (n=0). Conclusion The findings demonstrated that moderated Whatsapp Messaging Groups are powerful mechanisms for improving maternal and new born health outcomes. This is because, the group enhances effective communication in the referral system between the referring and the receiving facility. Furthermore, such groups are avenues for improved and adequate care in delivering of health services leading to better health outcomes. In addition, moderated whatsapp groups are powerful engines for better health outcomes with respect to 3rd and 4th degree tears and how best they can be managed. It is therefore, worth noting that, the impact of moderated whatsapp text messaging groups apply to a greater extent in delivery of health services in resource constraint hospitals like MGH.

Evaluation of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System for Diabetes Prediction. (Case Study in FMC Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria). []


Diabetes mellitus stands as a persistent metabolic disorder marked by heightened blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), ranking as a significant contributor to global mortality, disability, and healthcare expenditures. Timely identification and effective management of diabetes play a pivotal role in averting complications. Artificial intelligence (AI) has surfaced as a transformative asset poised to reshape diabetes care. This research delved into assessing the efficacy of the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in forecasting diabetes within a patient cohort at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC) in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria. The findings revealed that ANFIS exhibited a commendable accuracy of 94.5% in diabetes prediction. This underscores the potential of ANFIS as a valuable tool for predicting diabetes in the Nigerian context.

a case report aboute rare localization of chondrosarcoma difficulties o make diagnoses and treat on this localization []


Chondrosarcoma is a rare tumor, and sphenoidal localization is exceptional. Our work highlights the difficulties of diagnosis, given the non-specificity of the clinical and radiological picture, hence the importance of anatomopathological examination to establish the diagnosis and classify the patient for a good prognostic evaluation. In this article, we report the case of a 54-year-old diabetic woman on oral antidiabetics and hypertensive on thiazides who presented with bilateral nasal obstruction, more marked on the left, with headaches and anterior rhinorrhea. Nasal endoscopy revealed the presence of a process in the left nasal fossa. CT and MRI confirmed the presence of a malignant-looking mass that required excision, which was not complete given the difficult localization. This allowed tumor reduction and diagnosis thanks to anatomopathological examination, which remains the key examination in this case. Chondrosarcoma of the sphenoid is rare and difficult to diagnose, manage and treat, as the picture is non-specific and the location inaccessible to surgery, and the prognosis depends on the stage and quality of excision.

The Impact of Electronic Health Records Management in Provisions of Health Care at Mansa General Hospital in Luapula Province-Zambia []


Background Several systematic reviews conducted have indicated that Electronic Health Records (EHRs) with improved functionalities have potential to significantly contribute to improving care processes and reducing errors with medication, patient satisfaction and patient engagement. The adoption of health information technologies contributes adequately to enhancing safety in information management, improving data quality and reducing health care costs. Improved evidence-based information management is key in improving health care delivery with potential for increased minimization in patient’s errors. Use of EHR contributes to innovations in health that improves efficient, safe, effective, equitable, patient centred and timely health care delivery. Objective To assess the impact of EHR management particularly SmartCare in the provision of primary health care at Mansa General Hospital of Luapula Province in Zambia Methods The study combined both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative method explored quality of information in form of descriptions, narratives and explanations while the quantitative method measured statistical data. The subjects of this study were 500 health care providers at Mansa General Hospital that included; Doctors, Nurses, Medical Licentiates and Clinical Officers that use EHR. The analysis of quantitative data was done using computer software called Statistical Package for the Social Sciences while qualitative data analysis was done using thematic analysis. The research was conducted between January- October 2023. A Chi-squared test of independence was done. Results The study had shown significant benefits of EHR in healthcare provisions based on bettering communication for patients and providers, easy, faster and cost-effective information transfer, raising treatment awareness, information use for decision making, quality improvement, timely reporting reducing medication errors and improved referrals. The study had also shown statistical significance between systems strengthening and impact of EHR (chi²=22.16; p=3.6*103 , α=0.05). Conclusion EHR system, when properly implemented, can improve the quality of healthcare, increasing time efficiency and guideline adherence and reducing medication errors, improved referral systems and overall strengthening of health systems. Strategies for EHR implementation should therefore be promoted and recommended.

Development and Evaluation of Medication Adherence Pill (MAP) Organizer for Visually Impaired Patients in the City of Koronadal, South Cotabato []


Visually impaired individuals face unique challenges when it comes to managing their medications; thus, the researchers developed a Medication Adherence Pill (MAP) organizer for the visually impaired patients to improve their medication adherence. This study employed a quasi-experimental research design and pre-test and post-test interventions were conducted. The findings indicated that the use of MAP organizers significantly helped the respondents in enhancing their level of knowledge. The intervention may have provided them with valuable information, reminders, or educational resources that effectively improved their understanding of medication-related topics. Moreover, the result showed that the organizers were effective in increasing the patients’ level of knowledge. On the other hand, the statistical analysis revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in medication adherence before and after the intervention among visually impaired patients. This means that the use of MAP organizers did not have a substantial impact on improving the patient’s overall medication adherence.

UHF RFID Antenna Design for Wireless Fault Monitoring System of Threaded Bolts []


The usage of radio frequency identification technology has improved many aspects of daily life. This research paper introduces a breakthrough in radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, presenting a miniature RFID tag antenna designed for the Wireless Fault Monitoring System of Threaded Bolts. Utilizing a wet-inlay UHF RFID tag, the system accurately detects the status of threaded bolts, distinguishing between tightened and loosened states. The research aims to enhance the current status-detection mechanism, employing the AZ-9654 UHF RFID tag. To achieve a smaller yet more effective RFID tag antenna, we propose a miniaturized meandered UHF RFID tag. With an observed antenna gain of 1.194dBi at 910 MHz, the antenna volume is significantly reduced to 44mm×16mm×0.1mm. Simulation and measurement results obtained from CST Studio 2020 demonstrate the proposed antenna’s superior performance in situations with limited space, outperforming the AZ-9654 UHF RFID. The study contrasts results, in terms of S-parameter, antenna impedance, VSWR, accepted power, and 2-D Polar plot, affirming the suggested antenna’s suitability for mounting UHF RFID tags on threaded bolts.

Exploring the causes and effects of delay in construction projects: Case of Luapula Province []


Delay is something that causes troubling in any construction project. The parties that involved ensuring the success of a construction project are clients, contractors and consultants. Construction delays will lead to bad relations between these parties and the cost of a construction project will be increased along the addition of the time given. Delays generally regarded as the most common problem, complex, risky and frequently encountered in a construction project. The objective of this study was to identify the causes of delays and the effects of delays in construction industry. Next, the correlation between the causes and effects of delays will be made. The data obtained from the survey will use a Likert Scale and analysed using Relative Important Index (RII). The study found that the three highest ranking causes of the delay by overall respondents are subcontractors, site management and owner interference. While the effects of the delays in declaring the three highest effects are time overrun, cost overrun and total abandonment. It is expected that this study can help the studies that will be done in the future. Key words: Construction projects and delays

SUIVI DE CESARIENNE POST-FORMATION EN SOINS OBSTÉTRICAUX ET NÉONATAUX D’URGENCE-C (SONU C) « Cas du Centre de Sante de Référence BUMI Zone de Santé de KAMINA ». []


Notre étude porte sur le suivi de césarienne post-formation en SONU C dans la zone de santé de Kamina avec l’objectif de comparer la pratique de la césarienne avant et après la formation au Centre de Santé de Référence BUMI dans la zone de santé de Kamina, Province du Haut-Lomami en République Démocratique du Congo. En effet l’étude descriptive transversale a été menée dans le service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique sur une période de 12 mois allant du 12/09/2021 AU 12/09/2022. Apres l’analyse et interprétation des données, la fréquence de la césarienne est passée de 16,88% 6 mois avant la formation à 19,70% 6 mois après la formation, plus des cas réalisés de façon urgente dans 78,10%, et beaucoup plus après la formation (86,79%) qu’avant (69,23%), 21,90% des complications liées à la césarienne, parmi lesquelles 18 cas soit 34,62% étaient enregistrés avant la formation contre 5 cas soit 9,43% après la formation. L’infection pariétale était la complication la plus représenté dans l’ensemble de la population avec 11 cas soit 47,83% et ceci beaucoup plus avant la formation (55,56%) qu’après (20,00%) et 5 cas de décès périnatal soit 9,62% avant la formation et aucun cas de décès n’a été enregistré après la formation. En conclusion nous disons que, malgré une réduction de cas de décès après la formation en SONI C, la fréquence n’a pas baissé et reste un problème majeur pour la santé publique nécessitant une forte sensibilisation de la communauté sur l’importance de la consultation prénatale dans le but de réduire significativement cette fréquence.

CONNAISSANCE, ATTITUDE ET PRATIQUE DES ETUDIANTS SUR LE STAGE EN SOINS INFIRMIERS []


En matière de conclusion, cette étude descriptive transversale prospective a porté sur « connaissance, attitude et pratique des étudiants (es) de L'ISTM/KAMINA sur le stage en soins infirmiers, dont l'objectif est d'évalué le niveau des connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des étudiants de l'ISTM/Kamina sur le stage en soins infirmiers durant une période allant de Janvier à septembre 2023. Notre échantillon est exhaustif et dont la taille de l’échantillon est de 80 étudiants (es). Après analyse et traitement des données, il se dégageait de cette étude les résultats ci-déssous :  En rapport avec l'importance qu’ils trouvent de stage (pratique professionnelle), 37.5% des étudiants disaient que le stage permet à l'étudiant(e) futur infirmier (e) d'être apte dans l'exécution des actes infirmiers ; 32.5% disaient qu’ils leur permettent à construire leurs savoir-faire (compétences professionnelles), et 30% disaient qu’il permet la mise en pratique de la théorie apprise.  Concernant l'attitude des étudiants sur la période de stage (P.P), 50 % avaient une attitude de dire que la période de stage est la période de la mise en pratique des acquis théoriques (connaissance et compétences techniques, 40% disaient que, c'est la période de construction de savoir-faire contre 10% des étudiants qui avaient l’attitude selon laquelle c'est la Période d’apprentissage pratique et d'aller chercher l’argent ; Il sied de signaler que pour cette thématique, qui est notre sujet il ya lieu de conclure que les étudiants (es) futurs infirmiers (es) la majorité connaissent. Mais leur esprit animer par la négligence et l’ignorance de l’importance qu’ils doivent placer dans la profession de leur formation.

FREQUENCE DE L’INFECTION PALUSTRE CHEZ LES PERSONNES VIVANT AVEC LE VIH/SIDA AU SERVICE DE MEDECINE INTERNE []


Le paludisme et l’infection par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine type1 (VIH) entrainent plus de quatre millions de décès chaque année, en majorité dans les pays en développement. Notre étude s’est fixée comme objectif de déterminer la fréquence de l’infection palustre chez les personnes vivant avec le vih/Sida au service de médecine interne à l’hôpital général de référence de Kamina en République Démocratique du Congo. Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive transversale allant du 1er janvier 2018 au 31 décembre 2022. Apres l’analyse des données : L’infection palustre chez les personnes vivant avec le Vih/Sida a représenté 38.2 % et la tranche d’âge comprise entre 20 ans et 30 ans était la plus représentée. Le sexe féminin prédomine sur le sexe masculin avec 73.8%, les commerçants étaient plus touchés avec 28.6% suivi des élèves avec 27.4%. La majorité de nos patients avait un poids compris entre 40Kg et 60Kg (52%) et 48.8% de nos patients étaient au stade II de l’infection à Vih/Sida. La goutte épaisse était positive chez tous nos patents (100%) et 42.9% des patients confirmés à partir des tests suivants : TSR VIH/stat-pack/uni gold. En conclusion, l’infection palustre chez les personnes vivant avec le Vih/Sida est devenue un problème de santé publique majeur.

ROLE DE L’INFIRMIER DANS LA PRISE EN CHARGE DE LA GASTRO ENTERITE. []


La gastro-entérite est une infection intestinale d’origine virale le plus souvent, et parfois, bactérienne ou parasitaire. L’objectif général poursuivi Est décrire le rôle ou responsabilités de l’infirmiers (e) au cours d’une prise en charge de la gastroentérite chez les enfants, étude menée à l’HPR/ JANSON SENDWE de Lubumbashi pour une période de Mai à septembre 2023. Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive transversale appuyée par la technique de questionnaire enrichi par l’entretien direct. Ci-dessous les résultats ont été trouvés, après notre descente sur le terrain :  Les soins administrés, 46,1% d’infirmiers avaient administré : SRO, ZINC, ATB, AT-pyrétique, sirop, l’eau du riz préparée et le jus sucré suivi de 30 ;8% d’entre eux avaient donné ZINC, RL, ATB, AT-pyrétique, changement des positions et demander à la femme de tété régulièrement l’enfant contre 23,1% qui ont donné SRO+ZINC, ATB et Anaflam sirop ;  Paramètres de surveillance, 61,5% d’infirmiers surveillent les signes vitaux, le poids, la fréquence et la durée de la diarrhée, les signes de déshydratation et l’état nutritionnel contre 38,5% qui, surveillent le poids, les signes vitaux et le mode d’alimentation de l’enfant ; Les responsabilités infirmières au cours d’une prise en charge de la gastro-entérite chez les enfants s’avère encore un problème dans nos milieux hospitaliers pour certains prestataires de soins infirmiers et exige le renforcement de capacité du personnel infirmier sous forme des formations continue enfin d’une meilleure prise en charge des enfants et une réduction meilleure de décès dus à cette maladie.

THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN NIGERIA 2019 AND 2023 GENERAL ELECTIONS []


This article explores how technology has reduced electoral malpractices such as ballot stuffing, voting by proxy, result collation manipulations and over-voting in Nigeria's 2019 and 2023 elections. It further highlights the strength, challenges and possible recommendations. The Nigerian Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has embraced innovative technologies to improve election administration and conduct. These include: INEC Voter Enrolment Device (IVED), Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS), INEC Result Viewing (IReV), Collation Support and Result Verification System (CSRVS), and political party and observer online nomination and accreditation platforms. Studies show that in each election cycle, INEC's technological capabilities advanced to match international standards as it deployed novel technologies. Results show that the above technologies have reduced multiple registrations; multiple voting and a drastic reduction in manipulation of election results at collation centres. ICT has helped Nigeria to minimise electoral fraud and create credible elections for the sustenance of democracy.