Volume 12, Issue 11, November 2024 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication


Development and Optimization of an IoT-Based Smart Water Leakage Detection System in Water Pipelines with Real-Time Response Capability []


Water loss through leaking pipes constitutes a major challenge to the operational service of water utilities. In recent years, increasing concern about the financial loss and environmental pollution caused by leaking pipes has driven the development of efficient technology for detecting leakage in water piping networks. Development and Optimization of an IoT-Based Smart Water Leak Detection in Water Pipelines with Real-Time Response Capability is introduced to directly detect leakage and interventions are provided on time. The system consists of a simulation used to detect leak points in a pipe using water flow sensors. These sensors measure the in-flow and out-flow rates of water. When the out-flow rate is less than the in-flow rate, it indicates a leakage and automatically a turn-off of water flow . The water flow sensor sends signal pulses to an Arduino Uno for processing. The processed data from the Arduino is then transmitted to the cloud for storage and analysis via a GSM module. Additionally, an SMS notification is sent to a mobile phone to alert the user of any detected leaks. This system ensures continuous monitoring and prompt detection of leaks, preventing water wastage and potential damage. The integration of cloud storage and mobile notifications enhances the system's reliability and efficiency, making it a robust solution for leak detection in various applications. The results show that the designed system is able to measure the in and out flow rate of water and senses whether this quantity is unbalanced; therefore, the system stops as it detects a leakage somewhere. This project aims to implement a water leakage detection system for plastic water supply pipelines using Simulations. Keywords: IoT, Water Leakage Detection, GSM, Water Flow Sensor

CURRICULUM INSIGHTS: 62 ARTICLES THAT REDEFINE PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION []


This paper based its discussion on the complications embedded in curriculum planning, development, implementation, and assessment through a close observation of 62 studies. With reference to the core elements related to curriculum development. The nexus between these core components for learning outcomes and demand toward an adaptive framework meeting differentiated student needs and the current industrial requirements. This paper sought to find out findings based on the fact that ideal curriculum models must embrace adaptive, competency-based, sustainable, and personalized factors for effective curriculum models. However, persisting constraints of limited empirical validations of innovative frameworks, resource-related limitations, and lack of integration between disciplines under-score a continued need for adaptation and further improvement. The paper recommended to collaborate among the educators, industry stakeholders, and policymakers to ensure alignment between curriculum development and needs of the labor market to enhance the quality of learning experience through powerful mechanisms of evaluation. Only then will educational institutions succeed in really bettering preparations of students for subsequent further life challenges if these succeed in promoting a proactive, iterative approach for curricular management. Among those implications from the study some of them indicate indispensable characteristics of maintaining curriculum process approaches in innovative ways such to support equitable access in line with appropriate competencies.

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF BIAS IN PERFORMANCE APPRAISALS AND ITS EFFECT ON EMPLOYEE PLACEMENT AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT []


This paper explored the role of bias in performance appraisals and its effect on employee placement and career development. Biased evaluations can result in unfair role assignments, hindered promotions, and mismatches between employees’ skills and job placements, disproportionately affecting underrepresented groups. The consequences extend beyond individuals, diminishing overall morale, increasing turnover rates, and eroding trust in leadership. To combat these challenges, the paper offers several strategies to reduce bias in appraisal systems, with a particular emphasis on implementing standardized evaluation metrics. By establishing clear and specific performance criteria that apply consistently across all employees, organizations can minimize subjectivity and ensure fair assessments. Addition-al recommendations include providing comprehensive bias awareness training and incorporating 360-degree feedback to create a more holistic view of employee performance. Regular reviews of appraisal processes and fostering open communication are also essential for enhancing equity. Ultimately, addressing bias in appraisals leads to increased employee engagement and improved organizational out-comes, helping build a culture of fairness, accountability, and growth. Equitable appraisal practices are critical for both employee development and sustainable organizational success

Gaps and Challenges in Curriculum Planning, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation: A Literature Review []


This literature review investigates the gaps and challenges in curriculum planning, development, implementation, and evaluation. The literature in this review was gathered from several peer-reviewed articles and published on recognized websites. As reviewed in the literature, there are gaps and challenges that need to be addressed in each phases of curriculum – planning, development, implementation, and evaluation. The review identified diversity of learners, teacher and training preparedness, availability of resources, infrastructure limitations, and stakeholders engagement as challenges in curriculum planning. Meanwhile, insufficient training, collaboration and communication, cultural differences, assessment, and decision-making are the gaps and challenges in curriculum development. On the other hand, insufficient training and professional development, insufficient resources, poor school infrastructures, curriculum misalignment, and inadequate leadership are the challenges in curriculum implementation. Lastly, lack of training, lack of resources, technological integration, alignment issues, and administrative support are the gaps and challenges in curriculum evaluation. Overall, the identified gaps and challenges in this literature can be factors that can hinder the curriculum delivery, hence, can greatly affect the processes in the implementation of the curriculum.

A STUDY OF THE AFRICAN INDIGENOUS EDUCATION, ITS RELEVANCE AND LIMITATIONS WITH REFERENCE TO THE LUO INDIGENOUS EDUCATION []


This paper intends to analyze African indigenous education with a specific reference to Luo traditional education in Kenya. It attempts to critically examine African indigenous education and criticize the notion that Africans did not have an education system. The paper concludes by examining the limitations and relevance of African indigenous education to the modern development of Africa.