Volume 12, Issue 11, November 2024 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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Assessment of Daily News and HabariLEO Newspapers Coverage of Corruption in Tanzania []


This study analysed the coverage of corruption in Tanzanian public newspapers Daily News and HabariLEO over two periods in 2023: April–June and September–November. It assessed the frequency, prominence, and genre of corruption-related news, using agenda-setting, priming, and framing theories. A sample of 262 issues was examined through content analysis, with news stories and editorials as units of analysis. Data were collected using a coding sheet and analysed statistically and thematically. Results showed 95 articles on corruption were published by the two newspapers during the research period: 36 in Daily News and 59 in HabariLEO, with 23 on front pages but only 8 (8.4%) as lead stories. Most sources were government-based (37.9%), followed by court (16%), Prevention and Combating of Corruption Bureau (PCCB) (13.7%), and Controller and Audit General (CAG) and Parliament (8.4% each). Notably, all articles were interpretive, with no investigative stories and limited depth or follow-up. The study recommends that Tanzania Standard (Newspapers) Limited (TSN) the publisher of both papers, give more prominence to corruption news and prioritise investigative reporting to play a more proactive role in combating corruption for the public good.

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND MACHINE LEARNING SOLUTION FOR BLACK HOLE ATTACK DETECTION IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK. []


Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) will be crucial in future scenarios of decentralized and dynamic communication. Due to their fundamental traits, they are susceptible to several security risks, including the infamous black hole attack. This research offers a thorough and proactive approach to improving network security in MANETs, with a focus on anticipating and isolating black hole attacks to ensure constant communication channels between nodes. The research employs a quantitative approach, beginning with a comprehensive literature review to understand the security vulnerabilities in MANETs, particularly focusing on black hole attacks. The study then selects and models a dataset, examining the behavior of network traffic under attack conditions. The analysis of the dataset reveals significant fluctuations in network parameters such as received and sent packets, which align with the anticipated impact of a black hole attack. The analysis examines patterns of black hole attacks by studying parameters like received and sent packets, and their differences. Key findings show significant variability in packet reception and transmission, with an average of 83,932 received packets (standard deviation of 122,394) and a range from 10 to 352,772 packets, indicating selective packet dropping. Received bytes range from 856 bytes to 271.6 MB, with a standard deviation of 49.5 MB, and delta received packets average at 104.55 (standard deviation of 784.39), highlighting the attack's irregular impact. Evaluation of machine learning models for detecting black hole attacks: Random Forest achieves 0.86 accuracy but struggles with less represented classes, SVM has 0.76 accuracy with poor minority class performance, and Neural Network records 0.78 accuracy, also facing class-specific challenges. The evaluation of machine learning models for attack detection aligns with the objective to develop a system to identify harmful nodes, showing the effectiveness of different models in detecting black hole attacks and guiding the development of robust detection systems.

SOFTWARE ERROR PREDICTION MODEL USING DEEP NEURAL NETWORK []


Software error Prediction is an important aspect in software development and maintenance processes with an objective of locating and fixing defects ahead of schedule that could be expected under diverse circumstances. Predicting software errors especially in earlier phase improves the software quality, reliability, efficiency also the software testing cost. Many software development activities are performed by various individuals, which may lead to occurrence of different software errors, causing disappointments later during use Various software defect prediction (SDP) approaches that rely on software metrics have been proposed in the last two decades. Bagging, support vector machines (SVM), decision tree (DS), and random forest (RF) classifiers are known to perform well to predict defects. This paper presents a software error prediction model based on Artificial Neural Network algorithm (ANN). The evaluation process showed that error back propagation algorithm can be used effectively with high accuracy, precision and f-score rate. Furthermore, a comparison measure is applied to compare the proposed prediction model with other approach. The collected results showed that the (ANN) approach has a better performance.

FLAXSEEDS A NUTRITIONAL POWERHOUSES OF HEALTH AND WELLNESS []


ABSTRACT: Flaxseed (Linum usitattisium) is cultivated in many parts of the world for oil, fiber, and medicinal purposes. Flaxseeds have many health benefits, such as treatment for diabetes, heart diseases, cancer, etc. It contains protein, fiber, phytoestrogens, alpha-linoleic acid, lipids, palmatic acid, and other micronutrients in a weighty amount. This review focuses on the various aspects related to the composition of flaxseed and its functional and potential health benefits.

ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCERS’ PRODUCTION COMPETENCE OF TELEVISION DOCUMENTARY PROGRAM IN TANZANIA A CASE OF TANZANIA SAFARI CHANNEL AND UHAI TELEVISION (UTV) []


ABSTRACT This study assessed the production competence of television documentary producers in Tanzania from the point of professionalism. The study aimed to address three specific objectives: To examine television documentary production research practice in Tanzania Safari Channel and Uhai Television in Tanzania; To determine the aesthetic patterns used in producing documentary films in Safari Channel and Uhai Television in Tanzania; and, to explore the perceptions of viewers on Safari Channel and Uhai television documentary programs. This study was also guided by two theories: Uses and Gratifications theory and the Theory of Media Production A qualitative research approach was employed, enabling an in-depth exploration of the subject. Using a descriptive case study design, the study identified the variables, structures, and interactions influencing documentary production practices and outcomes. Non-probability sampling techniques, specifically purposive and convenient sampling, were used to select participants with the most relevant insights. Data collection methods included interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data through steps such as transcript creation, familiarization, keyword identification, theme development, and conceptual model formulation. The findings revealed that producers recognise the importance of research in documentary creation. The study also found inconsistency in the research practice before the actual documentary production, which led to insufficient information gathering and less creative documentary programs, which turned to lower-quality production. The study recommends that there is need for enhanced professionalism, better research practices, and improved production competence in the Tanzanian documentary production industry to raise the quality and appeal of local content.

TECHNOLOGICAL, PEDAGOGICAL, AND CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (TPACK) COMPETENCIES AND SELF-EFFICACY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS (JHS) IN THE DIVISIONS OF MUNTINLUPA, PARAÑAQUE, AND LAS PIÑAS (MUNPARLAS) []


This quantitative study examines the TPACK competencies and self-efficacy of junior high school teachers in the Divisions of Muntinlupa, Parañaque, and Las Piñas (MUNPARLAS). By analyzing content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, technological knowledge, and self-efficacy, the study aims to understand how demographic factors such as age, gender, area of specialization, and teaching experience influence these competencies. Findings indicate high overall TPACK competencies and self-efficacy, though specific demographic groups exhibit lower scores in certain areas, suggesting professional development is needed. Recommendations include mentorship programs, regular training sessions, and specialized support to address these disparities, aiming to enhance teachers' abilities to integrate technology effectively in their teaching practices. Future research should focus on assessing TPACK competencies among teachers classified as proficient and highly proficient according to the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST).

Role of Extracurricular Activities in Holistic Student Development []


This paper aims to critically discuss the role of extracurricular activities in holistic student development. Extracurricular activities serve as an outlet to vent a student's extra energy. It helps them grow into well-rounded human beings with better health. One of the vital aspects of school life is extracurricular activities that will provide them with the practical knowledge to survive as adults. Unfortunately, most school systems do not value extracurricular activities as mush as other exam subjects, because, the curriculum they use is so much exam or result oriented. Extracurricular activities are a fantastic approach to making students’ learn beyond the classroom. It includes music, drama, sports, dance, etc., creating diverse relationships and expressing artistic talents. Balancing academic and extracurricular activities will be an essential skill every student must master as they participate in activities outside the classroom. They learn to engage themselves during their free time and manage their schedules efficiently. Managing time is a vital element in everyone's life as it will be helpful in various aspects of life. Academic activities in classrooms and extracurricular activities inside and outside classrooms must not compete with each other, but complete one another to get the best out of the students.

Overtourism []


ABSTRACT Over-tourism represents the unsustainable influx of tourists to popular destinations, straining local infrastructure and negatively impacting residents' quality of life. This phenomenon challenges the balance between tourism promotion and preservation of cultural and environmental assets. Previous research on over-tourism has primarily focused on identifying its impacts on popular tourist destinations. While these studies have shed light on the negative consequences such as environmental degradation and cultural erosion, there is a notable limitation in the methodologies employed, often relying on qualitative assessments or limited scope surveys. This paper argues for a more comprehensive and quantitative approach to better understand the complexities of overtourism and its multifaceted impacts, providing a rationale for new studies to develop sustainable tourism strategies. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining primary research through surveys and interviews with secondary research utilizing academic journals, reports, and case studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue. Our research highlights the detrimental effects of overtourism, revealing that overcrowded destinations diminish the quality of tourist experiences, leading to hurried and unsatisfying visits. This study underscores the urgent need for sustainable tourism practices to preserve destinations and enhance visitor satisfaction.

THE APPLICATION OF ICT IN EDUCATION AT PENTECOST UNIVERSITY IN THE GREATER ACCRA METROPOLIS, GHANA []


Turner (2016) defined Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as any device or system that allows the storage, retrieval, manipulation, transmission and receipt of digital information. For example, personal computers, digital television, email, and robots. Information and Communication Technology is now being used in every facet and discipline of human endeavor. It has contributed to the organization, storage, retrieval, access, effective and efficient production and use of information. Throughout the world, there is awareness of the fundamental role of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) especially in the field of education. ICT has unified the World in such a way that the term “global village” has been derived based on its applications, roles, and effects it serves. Amongst its applications and roles are telecommunication, e-governance, teleconference, e-commerce, e-learning, e-mail, etc., ICT and its importance in modern human endeavors cannot in any way be underscored.to prepare young people to play full roles in modern society and to contribute to a knowledge nation (Anderson & Weert, 2012). Education is not limited to teaching students according to a prescribed syllabus at a specific school level but has much broader objectives, goals, and other concepts. Thus, education ICT has become a key foundation of modern society within a very short time. Many countries now regard understanding and mastering the basic skills and concepts of ICT as part of the core of education, alongside reading, writing, and numeracy.

Impacts of Technology on Student Learning []


This paper will discuss the impacts of technology on student learning in and out of the classroom. We at times fail to believe that learning is on on-going process and can happen anywhere and anytime. Another point that needs to be understood is that each student is different from the other, so they will learn at different pace. While traditional classrooms teach all students the same thing and at the same time, while technology driven modern classrooms give each student freedom to learn different things at different pace and space. One of the major difficulties of teaching an entire classroom of students is that you have to teach the same material to several people, all of which conduct learning in different ways. By providing a variety of ways to accommodate the needs of each student, technology in schools can address the disparities of the learning experience between students. Technology, if used properly and effectively, can make teaching and learning enjoyable for both the teachers and students.

The Role of Women’s Financial Autonomy in Shaping Household Decision-Making Dynamics and Enhancing Economic Stability: A Multifaceted Analysis []


This study examines the significant transformation of women's roles in paid work over the centuries, highlighting the shift from traditional domestic responsibilities to active participation in the workforce. The historical context illustrates how industrialization, education, suffrage, and the effects of the Second World War catalyzed this change, challenging the longstanding perception of men as sole breadwinners. The research emphasizes the evolution of household dynamics, where modern couples increasingly share financial decision-making, reflecting greater economic independence for women. This shift has broad implications for family roles, health, and economic stability. Considering rising global movements for women's economic self-sufficiency, this study underscores the relevance of understanding these transformations in decision-making and resource management among younger generations of women striving for financial independence and equality with men. The findings contribute to ongoing discourse on gender equity in both paid work and domestic labor, influencing societal norms and economic policies.

Neuroscience in HR Decision Making: A Perspective from the Fijian Economy []


The use of neuroscience in Human Resource (HR) decision-making is an emerging field, especially in developing economies like Fiji. This paper explores the influence of common neurological characteristics and behavioral patterns in individuals that impact decision-making in HR. Understanding these aspects is crucial, particularly in the context of the Fijian economy, where cultural, social, and economic factors play significant roles in shaping organizational dynamics. The study focuses on how neuroscience can contribute to more informed and objective decision-making processes that align with the specific needs of Fijian businesses. Key takeaways include recognizing how biases and patterns can lead to decision-making that is outcome-driven rather than perception-based.

The Impact of Female Inventors on Patent Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Gender Diversity in Innovation Across Countries Analysis []


This paper aims to assess the effects of women inventors on patent quality through gender consideration in patenting system. Thus, while the educational level has risen among women in STEM and they fill more positions in these occupations now than before, they are still not active patent holders. This work builds upon gender identification using original written characters collected from descriptions of inventions by Chinese and Korean inventors. Even though our data cover patents from 20 countries over a decade, the simple statistics and measures that can be derived include the percentage of patents with a female inventor and women inventor rate. These outcomes demonstrate stark sex differences in patenting with women filing fewer patents or being cited in other patents than their male counterparts. Nevertheless, results with a control for patents having at least one female inventor suggest that such inventions are positively related to enhancements in patent quality proxied for by forward citation rates. This paper highlights the value of gender diversity and future research into female involvement in patenting for improving quality of innovation and the resulting technology and economic growth.

Consumer Preference for Locally Produced Rice in Northwest and Southeast Nigeria. []


Consumers' preference for locally produced rice consumption determines the demand and willingness to pay for it. This study examines the willingness to pay and consumer preference for locally produced rice in Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 173 rice consumers in six local governments under the USAID/FTF Innovation Lab Integrated Rice-Fish farming technology in Ebonyi and Kebbi States, Nigeria. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Tobit regression. The mean age of the rice consumers was 40 years, and more than half (60.69%) of the rice consumers were males. Most (72.83%) rice consumers had a mean family size of 8 persons. While (99.42%) preferred local rice to imported or foreign rice. FARO 44 is the most preferred local rice variety consumed by (90.75%) of the respondents. The Tobit regression model estimate shows that age, access to phones, rice grain, cosmetic appearance, sweetness, and taste/flavour are the factors influencing the preference of the rice consumers for locally produced rice in the study area. Therefore, the study recommends that the government enact policies supporting the production of good quality local rice that meets consumers' preferences. Also, information on the availability of locally produced rice should be made available to the rice consumers, and local preference attributes should be considered to bring quality locally produced rice to the consumers.

Strategic Partnerships and the Performance of Kenya Commercial Bank []


Strategic partnerships have become increasingly essential in driving organizational performance, especially in sectors experiencing rapid technological and market changes. This study focuses on the impact of strategic partnerships on the performance of Kenya Commercial Bank (KCB), particularly its collaboration with Safaricom, Kenya leading telecommunications company. The partnership, initiated in 2014, led to the development of KCB-M-Pesa, a mobile banking platform that integrates Safaricom technological infrastructure with KCB financial expertise. The study assesses the influence of three key dimensions—operational efficiency, technical capability, and market development—on KCB performance. Findings reveal that operational efficiency and technical capability significantly enhance the bank performance by streamlining processes, optimizing resources, and leveraging innovative technologies like mobile banking and real-time data analytics. However, market development initiatives showed a limited impact, indicating challenges in customer acquisition and market penetration. This research highlights the critical success factors of strategic partnerships, offering insights into how banks can maximize the benefits of collaboration to achieve sustainable growth. Recommendations include continued investment in technology, strategic market expansion, and ongoing evaluation of partnership effectiveness to address emerging challenges and optimize performance.

Cancer du sein chez l'homme, facteurs de risques et de pronostic, service de chirurgie générale, clinique chirurgicale A, CHU Oran, Algérie. []


Cancer le plus fréquent chez la femme, le cancer du sein reste rare chez l’homme et représente moins de 1 % des cancers masculins. Le cancer du sein chez l’homme survient plus tardivement que celui de la femme, Il s’agit souvent d’un nodule rétromamelonnaire, avec fréquemment une atteinte cutanée sous forme de peau d’orange ou d’ulcérations. Le carcinome galactophorique infiltrant constitue 75 à 85 % des cas. Plusieurs facteurs de risque ont été incriminés. Le traitement du cancer du sein chez l’homme est avant tout chirurgical suivi d’une radiothérapie postopératoire. Le traitement systémique fait appel surtout à l’hormonothérapie, quant à la chimiothérapie, elle n’a pas connu le même succès que chez la femme. La survie à 5 ans est évalué à 80 % pour le stade I, 67 % pour le stade II, 25 % pour le stade III, et 0 % pour le stade IV).

ANALYSE CRITIQUE DE LA GRATUITE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT DE BASE DANS LES ECOLES PUBLIQUES DE LA VILLE DE LUBUMBASHI []


Dans notre article portant sur l’analyse critique de la gratuité de l’enseignement de base dans les écoles publiques de la Ville de Lubumbashi, nous voulons analyser la dite gratuité en partant de l’enquête réalisée dans quelques ménages. Cette enquête met en évidence les facteurs suivants : la commune de résidence du parent, la catégorie socio-professionnelle du parent, l’état civil du parent, le sexe du parent, l’école fréquentée par l’élève, l’appréciation de la gratuité, le montant payé pour l’inscription, le montant payé comme minerval, le nombre de fois de payement de minerval dans une année scolaire, la qualité de l’enseignement depuis l’avènement de la gratuité, le nombre d’enfants à l’âge scolaire et le nombre d’enfants à l’âge de fréquenter l’école primaire. Il ressort des analyses faites sur chacun des facteurs que la gratuité de l’enseignent dans les écoles publiques de la ville de Lubumbashi ne marche encore pas bien, dans certaines écoles le frais d’inscription ou de minerval continue encore à être perçu et que la qualité même de l’enseignement est devenue médiocre depuis l’avènement de la gratuité.

LES BRUITS ACOUSTIQUES : FACTEURS DE NUISANCES EN MILIEU URBAIN A KINSHASA « CAS DE LA COMMUNE DE KALAMU, AVENUE KAPELA » []


Description du sujet. L'audition est à l'origine même de la communication humaine. Parler et communiquer, sont des éléments indispensables à l'épanouissement personnel, à la vie en société et même à la survie de notre espèce. Néanmoins, plusieurs facteurs sont susceptibles de gêner cette communication, tels que le bruit. Ce dernier possède un aspect agressif très souvent négligé par la plupart des êtres humains. En effet, la pollution sonore existe aujourd'hui partout : domestiquement, dans la rue, en industrie et dans la nature même. La population, peu informée par les dangers que représente le bruit, s'exposent parfois à des niveaux sonores très élevés et pendant de longues durées. C’est dans ce contexte qu’une étude a été réalisée du 06 Août au 06 Novembre 2023 dans la Commune de Kalamu ville de Kinshasa au niveau de l’avenue Kapela en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC). Objectifs. L’objectif global de l’étude est de recueillir les données sur l’incidence de bruits acoustiques en milieu urbain précisément à KAPELA dans la commune de KALAMU à Kinshasa. Spécifiquement, l’étude vise à : (i) identifier la population concernée par l’étude ; (ii) décrire leurs caractéristiques sociodémographiques ; (iii) répertorier les différentes pathologies provoquées par les bruits acoustiques. Méthodes. Les données ont été collectées à l’aide d’un questionnaire d’enquête sur un échantillon de 80 enquêtés résidant plus de trois ans sur l’avenue Kapela. Une grille d’entretien (focus groupe) a permis de compléter les informations contenues dans le questionnaire. Les données collectées ont porté sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des répondants et leurs avis sur les caractéristiques des bruits acoustiques ainsi que les cas d’intoxication causés par les bruits acoustiques. Résultats. Les résultats ont montré que peu des enquêtés disposent des connaissances suffisantes sur les mesures préventives des intoxications dues à l’exposition des bruits acoustiques. Les principaux problèmes sanitaires liés à aux bruits acoustiques cités par les enquêtés sont : effets sur le système cardio-vasculaire (11,3%), troubles du sommeil (26,4% ), effets sur la santé mentale (7,5% ), troubles de la vision (13,2% ), Surdité (3,8% ), acouphènes (3,8% ), fatigue auditive (13,2% ), et traumatisme (20,8% ). Conclusion. Toutes ces données montrent qu'il y a un problème sérieux de nuisance sonore au niveau de la population résidante de KAPELA car les effets du bruit sur la santé sont tous les effets que les sons (audibles ou inaudibles) peuvent avoir (à court, moyen ou long termes) sur la santé (directement ou indirectement). Ils sont la conséquence d'une exposition plus ou moins régulière, subie ou volontaire au bruit ambiant (ou généré par des écouteurs) à des intensités sonores trop élevées. Mots-clés : bruit acoustique, nuisance, intoxication, Kapela, Kalamu, Kinshasa et RDC.

PROBLEM OF THE USE OF SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION IN HUMAN SETTLEMENTS “Case of the KHARTOUM district of the commune of Ngiri-Ngiri” IN KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO []


Description of the subject. Given their multitude and heterogeneity, chemicals are likely to have very varied effects on human health. Although the use of chemicals allows for better yields and therefore profits, for example, the cleaning activities of human settlements in which we resort to the use of chemicals such as bleach. The ecological transition of cleaning activity in Kinshasa is therefore essential. While the effects of certain chemicals are well known, most of these products are little studied and their effects are still little documented. Acute toxicity results from exposure to a high dose over a short period. It is in this context that a study was carried out in the KHARTOUM / NGIRI-NGIRI district, in the City of Kinshasa during the period from February 16 to June 16, 2023 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Objectives. The aim of this present work is to assess the level of knowledge of the population of the KHARTOUM district on the use of sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) in their human establishments. Achieving this goal leads us to retain the following objectives: (i) Identify the population concerned by the study, (ii) Describe their socio-demographic characteristics, (iii) Evaluate their knowledge and attitudes on the preventive measures of the various pathologies caused by sodium hypochlorite (bleach). Methods. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire on a sample of 230 respondents who use sodium hypochlorite solution daily in their human establishments. An interview grid (focus group) was used to supplement the information contained in the questionnaire. The data collected focused on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and their opinions on the characteristics of chemical inputs as well as cases of poisoning caused by said products. Results. The results showed that the main health problems related to the use of sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) cited by the inhabitants of the KHARTOUM district, Ngiri-Ngiri commune in the city of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of Congo are fatigue after inhaling the smell of the chemical product (45%), stomach aches (14%), headaches (12%), vomiting (9%), dizziness (6%), eye irritation (5%), cough (4%), colds (3%), skin irritation (2%), etc. Regarding waste management, most of the respondents dispose of it through incineration (19%), burial (34%), street disposal (23%), trash disposal (15%) and 9% of our respondents throw it into the watercourse (river, terrace, etc.) of the KHARTOUM district. Conclusion. The application of chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite solution in the cleaning activity circuit in the KHARTOUM district, Ngiri-Ngiri commune, Kinshasa city does not comply with any technical and scientific standards. Raising awareness among the population is really necessary for capacity building and to avoid or limit the risk of nuisance in the urban environment in this commune. Studies on samples of persistent organic products, hydrocarbons, chemical inputs, volatile organic compounds, etc. are essential for a sustainable orientation of market gardening in Kinshasa. Keywords: Bleach, poisoning, Khartoum, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

STUDY OF THE FREQUENCY OF MALARIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AT THE ARTIOS HEALTH CENTER IN THE KALAMU COMMUNE IN KINSHASA. []


In the Democratic Republic of Congo, access to primary health care in rural areas is still a problem. Health facilities are more than 5 km away on foot for 48% of households in rural areas, compared to 25% in urban areas. The coverage of assisted deliveries remains closely linked to the level of poverty of the population. The absence of prenatal visits, the level of education and the level of well-being of the household also influence the place of delivery of women. In Kinshasa mainly, malaria in pregnancy is remarkable in 88 thousand patients annually, primiparous women are the most affected while newborns are also victims of congenital malaria in the majority of cases of pregnant women who have suffered from malaria. The general objective of this study is to determine the frequency of malaria in pregnant women at the ARTHIOS Health Center. Specifically, we will determine: (i) the sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women affected by malaria, (ii) determine the clinic presented, (iii) determine the annual frequency of this pathology. Our choice focused on this subject because of the high frequency of malaria in pregnant women encountered during our various internships carried out in certain health structures in our city, province of Kinshasa, also taking into account the related complications as well as the difficulties of management. The interest of this study is twofold, on the one hand it is for us to deepen knowledge on this condition and the collective interest lies in the fact that this study could serve as a draft for subsequent investigations by future researchers in relation to this subject. This is a retrospective study with a descriptive aim over a period of one year in the field of health, particularly primary health care. Our study is conducted over a period of one year, from 2020 to 2021, and will take into account all the frequencies of malaria in pregnant women recorded during this period. At the end of this study, the following results were obtained: (i) married women who are mainly affected by malaria, i.e. 60% cases, in second place single women, i.e. 33%, and only 7% widows; (ii) women with a secondary education level who are mostly affected by malaria, i.e. 67% cases, in second place university level or higher i.e. 20% and only 13% of women with a primary education level; (iii) unemployed women are relatively high with 17 cases out of 30, i.e. 57%, also in second place are female civil servants with 30% and in third place are female traders who represent 13%; (iv) women whose age varies between 20 and 30 years are the most affected by malaria, followed by those under twenty years old with 20%, then those aged over 40 years old and finally those whose age is between 30 and 40 years old with 3%; (v) fever which is the main symptom of malaria representing 47% of the reasons for consultation, in second place are chills with 20%, however 13% of pregnant women presented lower back or hypogastric pain while headaches were present in 10% of cases, genital bleeding represents 3% of cases; (vi) the positive thick drop was the highest in pregnant women with malaria with 50%, however it is negative in 17% of cases, the TDR was positive in 23% of cases and negative in 10% of cases; (vii) the majority of pregnant women had correctly followed the CPN, i.e. in 73% of cases. Keywords: Malaria, Frequency, Kalamu , Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

MODELLING MEDICAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURE (MERP) FOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA: Success Indicators and Metrics for Sustainability and OSH Performance. []


This study on Medical Emergency Response (MER) and Management, conducted from July 2023 to June 2024, addresses the increasing prevalence of medical emergencies and the inadequacies in response measures. Using the Federal University of Petroleum Resources (FUPRE) as case study, the research assessed MER resources against the Offshore Petroleum Industry Training Organization Medical Emergency Response Procedure (OPITO MERP) criteria as standards to evaluate their sufficiency. Key areas of focus included the competency of resources, facilities and equipment availability, and the timely deployment of these resources. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, checklists, Key Informant Interviews (KII), and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). Findings revealed that the competency level of MER resources at FUPRE fell short of OPITO criteria, particularly due to the absence of Tier 0 and Tier 1 MER professionals, as well as critical First Aid equipment such as Automatic External Defibrillator (AEDs). While 71.6% of respondents reported recognizing or witnessing a medical emergency, only 9.5% were aware of the emergency call number pertaining to medical emergencies. Statistical analysis showed P-values of 1.96E-5 and 3.26654E-77 for Tiers 0 and 1 competencies, respectively, indicating a significant need for formal competency development, as these values were below the 0.05 threshold. Consequently, the null hypotheses were rejected, affirming the necessity for formal competency development training for Tier 0 and Tier 1 MER personnel. However, a simulated drill assessing the access and deployment of basic First Aid resources exceeded the 4-minute benchmark for Tier 1, highlighting the need for emergency rooms as Tier 1 centers to supplement existing Tier 2 resources in the study area. The study concludes with recommendations for management and government-driven policies to establish humanitarian organizations, such as the Nigerian Red Cross, within public institutions to close competency gaps. It also advocates for continuous education to raise awareness and increase funding to address these deficiencies, inline with Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3), which focuses on promoting health and well-being for all. Keywords: MER, MER Resources, Tiers 0, 1 and 2 Competencies, MER Professionals.

BEST FRIEND REJECTION IS THE PREDICTOR OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL - BEING AMONG ADOLESCENTS []


Best friend acceptance and rejection acts as an important role in psychological well-being during adolescent period. The purpose of study is to present a picture of impact of best friend rejection on psychological well-being among adolescents. This article was written in recognition of the fact that majority of research on best friend rejection and its consequences has been done in other countries and therefore, little is known in Pakistan. Based on study findings, it is concluded that best friend plays a significant role in personality and social development but best friend rejection greatly impacts on reduction in psychological well-being in adolescents. Findings of the study have important implication for the researchers, clinical psychologist and counselors in taking appropriate measures for improving adolescent’s psychological well-being in more significant way as it will help in customizing the therapeutic process according to the personality of client. This study will provide another dimension to adolescent’s emotional response when they are rejected/accepted which enhances or reduces their psychological well-being.

Role of positive neutrality of Turkmenistan in popularization of multilingualism []


Turkmenistan, as a nutral state, gives big value to the raising of young generation in the spirit if humanism. The positive vector of the Turkmenistan's neutrality defines the creation of the platform for international stability and security as main directions of foreign policy. That is why popularization of multilingualism is an integral part of state policy.

"Exploring Types and Implementation Strategies of Curriculum: A Comprehensive Review" []


This comprehensive review on Types and Implementation of Curriculum explores various curriculum implementation strategies and their effectiveness in a variety of educational settings. This study synthesizes findings from many research studies to identify major components, challenges, and outcomes related to curriculum implementation. Key factors influencing successful curriculum execution are examined, such as teacher preparedness, resource availability, and stakeholder engagement. The study emphasizes several approaches to curriculum implementation, such as structural and procedural metrics, as shown in early childhood education, where the Children's School Success curriculum was evaluated for literacy, math, and social components. The innovation implementation framework is also examined, with a focus on how it might help identify essential components and patterns in STEM curriculum implementation. Furthermore, the study investigates theoretical frameworks that clarify curriculum implementation in developing nations, concentrating on characteristics such as the Profile of Implementation, Capacity to Innovate, and Outside Support. The review goes on to look at the impact of teacher preparedness on curriculum implementation, finding that beliefs about student learning, teacher responsibilities, and subject value all had a substantial impact on implementation fidelity. Barriers to implementation, such as competing instructional priorities and insufficient teacher experience, are also recognized, with recommendations for behavior change approaches to overcome these challenges. Overall, this comprehensive evaluation emphasizes the need of employing curriculum-specific methods to assess implementation fidelity, as well as the need for continual assistance and adaptation to ensure curriculum enactment success. The findings are significant for educators, policymakers, and academics looking to improve curriculum implementation and educational outcomes. This review ultimately aims to inform policymakers and educators about best practices in curriculum development and implementation, fostering improved educational outcomes.

THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICS IN CLOSING THE GAP BETWEEN SKILS ACQUISITION AND ENTERPRENEURSHIP FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA. []


A Skill is an act which people acquire after a period of consistent and persistent action. It requires a lot of thought, plans, proper execution of the plans and several repetitions to acquire. The act of skill acquisition may come from an inert idea, acquired idea or an accidental idea which s then fanned into flame using some already known procedures. The acquisition of a skill gives birth to entrepreneurship thus bringing about economic development. In this paper, it is shown that already known mathematical operations in the different areas of Mathematics, give the basic knowledge and provide the necessary qualities required to develop an entrepreneurial skill for economic development through inculcating life skills which are applied in skill acquisition and entrepreneurial development in Nigeria

A BLOOD OXYGEN LEVEL DEPENDENT (BOLD) MODEL FOR STROKE PREDICTION []


Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) assesses brain activity by detecting Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) signals, which are influenced by neurovascular coupling. Despite its utility, the mechanisms of neurovascular coupling remain partially understood. Motivated by prior studies with limited accuracy and small sample sizes, this research focuses on stroke prediction and early diagnosis, a critical goal given stroke's global impact as a leading cause of death and disability (WHO). The study employs Chi-square for feature selection and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) as classifiers. On the HealthCare dataset, CNN achieved 97.41% accuracy and SVM 95.70%, while on the BIDMC-PPG dataset, CNN reached 99.10% and SVM 88.28%. These results outperform benchmarks like Kallam et al. (2022), who reported 89.9% accuracy with KNN and SVM, and Lunugalage et al. (2021), who achieved 94% using similar methods.

EFFECTS OF INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY IN INTEGRATING LOCAL ACTIVITIES IN STUDENTS’ PARTICIPATION IN MATHEMATICS SUBJECT IN SECONDARY SCHOOL []


This study aims to investigate the effects of instructional strategy in integrating local activities in secondary school students’ participation and achievement in mathematics. A descriptive-correlational design was used. The respondents of the study were 17 from public secondary school teachers’ and 17 from private secondary school teachers’ and were 17 from public secondary school students’ and 16 from private secondary school students’ and were 17 from SUC’s secondary school students’ and 16 from SUC’s secondary school students. A total of 100 respondents will be chosen as samples of the study. It utilized survey questionnaires for integrating local activities in teaching mathematics and students’ participation. The results showed that the integrating local activities in instructional strategy of mathematics and students, participation in mathematics has a positive effect in learning mathematics. Therefore, integrating local activities in teaching mathematics is one of the best ways to students to learn easier. KEYWORDS: Instructional strategy, students’ participation, integrating local activities, mathematics

ESSAI CRITIQUE DE LA LOI N°15/012 DU 1 AOUT 2015 PORTANT REGIME GENERAL DES HYDROCARBURES EN RDCONGO []


In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the hydrocarbons sector is essentially governed by Law No. 15/012 of August 1, 2015 on the Hydrocarbons Code and Decree No. 16/010 of April 19, 2016 on the Hydrocarbons Regulations. While retracing the genesis and innovations of this new law, this article highlights some legislative and regulatory inadequacies which deserve to be corrected in order to adapt this new law to Congolese realities. In such a perspective, the legislator should reformulate the concept of hydrocarbon by taking into account the non-fossil and non-rock nature of methane gas from Lake Kivu, extend the duration of prospecting from one renewable year to two renewable years and make more competitive the national hydrocarbon company. Keywords: Critical, Law, hydrocarbons et Democratic Republic of Congo