Volume 12, Issue 11, November 2024 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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How can antibiotic resistance be reduced? []


Antibiotic resistance is one of the most challenges face humanity in current time and future which requires exerting more global efforts to overcome it. By 2050, the UN estimated that up to 10 million people deaths could be happened due to antimicrobial resistance, matching the annual global death toll of cancer. There is a great possibility that curable diseases cannot be treated with antibiotic which remembered us a period before discovering of antibiotic when infections were not treatable. It’s very important to recognize factors that make bacteria to be more resistance to current antibiotics. Right diagnose and differentiating between viral and bacterial infections is a corner stone in fighting against this international predicament. Random using of antibiotic by people without prescription and giving them by health care provider despite there is no clinical basis which support therapeutic cases, poses a tremendous problem. This article will focus on how antibiotic resistance bacteria arise, and how unscientific prescription of antibiotics by health care provider worldwide aggravate and hinder efforts to contain this international crisis, and how can laboratory tests clinically help decrease faulty giving of unnecessary antibiotics to patients.

Common day use of some terminology; assessment, measurement and evaluation in Cameroon Classrooms []


Abstract Assessment is one key ways through which educational stakeholders gauge students’ performance and achievement as well as learning outcomes. In spite of the predominance of assessment over the years, the area as a scientific field of study is not very old in Cameroon. This is exemplified in the newness of departments of assessment in our universities. Although there are strides in this area of assessment, there is the tendency for young teachers and other stakeholders to get confused with basic terminology, which often than not may come to them interchangeably, implying synonymous and cause confusion. It is important that for teachers to share and leverage best practices in the area of assessment, that they should be able to talk common language without ambiguity in order to improve accuracy in quantification of national progress in learning objectives or educational outcomes. The paper therefore illustrated using day to day usage of the terms; assessment, measurement and evaluation, to illustrate how intermittent these terms are, in spite of their unique characteristics. Although the terms assessment and evaluation are commonly used, the term measurement, as technical as it is, is practiced every day in school settings and therefore it was important to illustrate its meaning and use, in order to increase educational vocabulary and improve understanding of assessment practices by various educational stakeholders. Conclusively, the main difference in the terms lies in the purpose, but more so, the paper illustrates that assessment, measurement and evaluation are algorithmic in nature and therefore entail ingenuity on the part of teachers and other stakeholders in discharging their duties, to gauge learning and carry out informed decisions which are evidence based. Key terms; assessment, measurement, evaluation

Kyste hydatique du pancréas une localisation exceptionnelle : à propos d’une observation []


La localisation pancréatique du kyste hydatique est rare, même dans les pays endémiques tel que l’Algérie. Il représente moins de 1% de l’ensemble des localisations. La symptomatologie est souvent atypique et qui varie en fonction du siège, ce qui explique les difficultés diagnostic. Elle touche exceptionnellement l’enfant. Nous rapportons une observation de kyste hydatique du pancréas révélée par des douleurs abdominales chez un patient âgé de 15 ans, qui présentait depuis plus de 3 mois des épigastralgies avec vomissements. A travers cette observation et une revue de la littérature, nous discutons les difficultés diagnostiques et les modalités du traitement chirurgical de cette localisation exceptionnelle de la maladie hydatique.

Analgésie postopératoire dans la chirurgie du cancer du sein : efficacité du bloc des érecteurs du rachis échoguidé. []


Position du problème et objectif(s) de l'étude:La chirurgie du cancer du sein est fréquemment responsable de douleurs post-opératoires intenses. Afin de minimiser la douleur postopératoire aigue mais aussi l’apparition de douleurs chroniques, une prise en charge analgésique multimodale optimale est donc indispensable incluant des techniques d’analgésie loco- régionale. L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer l’effet analgésique du bloc des érecteurs du rachis après mastectomies avec curage axillaire. Matériel et Méthode : Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive de type prospectif et monocentrique, réalisée auprès des patientes opérées pour cancer du sein par mastectomie avec curage ganglionnaire sous anesthésie générale au niveau du service de chirurgie générale A du CHU d’ORAN sur une période de deux années.Avant l’induction les patientes ont bénéficié d’une analgésie multimodale: dexaméthasone, kétamine, paracétamol, associée à un bloc des érecteurs du rachis écho guidé avec injection unique en T5 de 20 ml de bupivacaïne à 0,25 %. En postopératoire, l’analgésie était assurée par du paracétamol et des antiinflammatoires (en absence de contre-indication). La douleur postopératoire au mouvement était évaluée par une échelle numérique simple. Résultats : L’âge moyen des patientes était de 63,2 ans, 24 femmes étaient classées ASA2. Les scores de douleur ENS : à H1, était en moyenne de 1,89 ; à H2 : 1,9 ; à H4 : 1,6 ; à H6 : 1,6 ; à H12, 1,2 et à H24 : 1,1. Une seule patiente a reçu de la morphine titrée en intra veineux (4 mg à H1).Et pour la satisfaction : 75% de malades très satisfaites, 10% satisfaites et 15% peu satisfaites. Conclusion : Ces dernières années, l'émergence de techniques d'anesthésie locorégionale a modifié la prise en charge de la douleur après chirurgie mammaire. L’efficacité du bloc des érecteurs du rachis reste à préciser par des études comparatives randomisées. Mais semble prometteur pour l’analgésie en chirurgie du sein. Mots clés : douleur postopératoire aigue, analgésie locorégionale, cancer du sein

SUSTAINING CURRICULUM INNOVATION: KEY FACTORS AND CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION []


ABSTRACT This paper explores the key factors and challenges involved in sustaining curriculum innovation, with a particular focus on integrating sustainability into educational practices. It examines the process of curriculum implementation, emphasizing the role of educators as key agents in translating curriculum designs into effective learning experiences. Theoretical frameworks, such as Tyler's, Goodlad's, and Wheeler's models of curriculum design, provide a foundation for understanding the systematic approach to curriculum devel-opment and the importance of aligning objectives, content, and evaluation. The paper highlights the integration of sustainability prin-ciples into curricula, aiming to equip students with critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making skills necessary for address-ing global challenges. Innovative pedagogical practices such as project-based, personalized, and experiential learning are discussed as strategies to enhance engagement and relevance in education, while the incorporation of technology serves as a tool for fostering critical inquiry. Stakeholder engagement, particularly the involvement of educators, students, parents, and industry partners, is identi-fied as a crucial factor in ensuring the success of curriculum innovations. However, significant barriers to implementation, such as the need for administrative support, professional development, and strong leadership, are also explored. The paper concludes that sus-taining curriculum innovation requires a multifaceted approach, continuous feedback, and an ongoing commitment to improvement, with a focus on aligning educational practices with the evolving needs of society and the environment. Through a holistic and collabo-rative effort, curriculum innovations can thrive, preparing students to meet the challenges of a sustainable future.

Assessing the Perception and Accessibility of Indigenous Foods within Northern Ghanaian Communities []


This study assessed the perception of the community about access to indigenous foods in Northern Ghanaian communities. A total of fourteen communities were covered across seven districts encompassing the Northern, Upper East, and Upper West regions of Ghana with a sample of 216 respondents from 72 households. The study adopted a cross-sectional design. Purposive and snowball sampling methods were used. Data collection was done using participatory rural appraisal tools: semi-structured interview schedules, focus group discussions, and visits to the market. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using content analysis and SPSS. Results showed that there is strong cultural attachment to indigenous foods, with 51.9% of the respondents strongly agreeing on their cultural significance. However, only 20.8% strongly agreed to the easy accessibility of those foods, mainly because availability in season and competition with commercial foods. Dawadawa was the most recognized crop among generations, while for Fonio, the awareness was going down. This study concluded that the indigenous foods are both culturally and nutritionally important but suffer from issues in terms of accessibility. Improving indigenous food systems in Ghana will thus be achieved in a sustainable manner by making recommendations through educational programs, marketing development of crops, and research on crop productivity improvement

Exploring Human Resource functions and Employee’s performance in commercial banks: Evidence from Bank Populaire du Rwanda(BPR) PLC []


This study analyzed the impact of human resource functions on employee performance at Bank Populaire du Rwanda (BPR) from 2021 to 2023. The specific objectives included describing the effectiveness of human resource functions at BPR Bank PLC, assessing the employee performance levels, and examining the relationship between HR functions and employee performance. The research employed an explanatory mixed-methods design, initiating with a quantitative phase using a structured questionnaire distributed to all 110 employees across various departments at BPR Bank. The qualitative phase involved semi-structured interviews with key informants, including the Human Resource Manager and the branch manager, to gain deeper insights. Data were analyzed descriptively using percentages, means, and standard deviations. Findings indicated effective human resource functions, as reflected in high mean scores for areas such as reward and compensation (x̄=3.38), employee training (x̄=3.52), recruitment and selection (x̄=3.44), and job design (x̄=3.44). Employee performance was similarly high, with mean scores for competitiveness (x̄=3.45), quality service (x̄=3.56), efficiency (x̄=3.70), and accountability (x̄=3.44). A Spearman correlation of 0.874 indicated a strong positive relationship between HR functions and employee performance. Recommendations include enhancing the monetary reward system, providing insurance and commission fees, and improving recruitment practices to align job design with the bank's goals while reinforcing HR functions to sustain high employee performance. Key words: Human resource functions, employee’s performance, financial institutions

In-hospital mortality among pre-term neonates admitted at neonatal care units of Kamuli General hospital and Jinja Regional Referral hospital; a retrospective study []


Abstract Background and Rationale: Globally over 15 million infants are born prematurely and of these 60-80% in LMIC. WHO report 2023 Born Too soon indicates preterm birth continues to be the major cause of neonatal and infant mortality worldwide. In the year 2021, approximately 8 million infants died worldwide, out of which 1 million were due to preterm birth and related complications, the majority being from LIMC at 90 %. Complications related to preterm births contribute 35% of the 3.1million deaths per year globally. Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review among preterm neonates admitted at Kamuli general and Jinja referral hospitals from January 2020 to December 2022. The primary outcome was preterm mortality at the two different NICUs. The secondary outcome were the factors associated with the mortality. Preterm neonates were categorized as: late preterm (33-36), very preterm (28-32) extreme preterm (<28 weeks). Results: Overall a total of 415 medical files were abstracted. The mean age of the mothers was 25 years. Over half of the preterm neonates 210 (51.3%) were males and the mean gestational age was 30 weeks. Slightly more than half 211 (51.5%) had been delivered very preterm at 28-32 weeks. The mean birth weight was 1600 grams. The aggregated hospital mortality for both hospitals was 132 (31.3%) with 58 preterm neonates dying at Jinja Hospital and 74 at Kamuli General hospital. Majority of the preterm neonates developed comorbidities. Preterm babies with weight 2500 g are 50% less likely to die (aPR 0.5, CI 0.3, 0.82 p-value 0.006) while those with Lethargy/ Comatose were 5.2 times (CI 3.25, 8.47 p-value 0.001), RDS are 2.6 times (CI 1.38, 5.05, p-value 0.003) and hypothermia 3.9 times (CI 2.29, 6.82 p-value 0.001) , both Lethargy/ Comatose and hypothermia were 3.6 times (CI 2.04, 6.56, p-value 0.001) more likely to die.

Transforming Museum Spaces: Designing Interactive Exhibits for Tiv Cultural Heritage []


This paper investigates the role of interactive exhibits in enhancing the representation of Tiv cultural heritage within museum spaces, emphasizing the integration of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies. The study explores how interactive displays can better convey both the tangible and intangible aspects of Tiv culture, including traditional arts, oral histories, and social rituals. A mixed-method research approach involving visitor surveys and interviews is employed to examine visitor preferences for traditional versus interactive exhibit formats and the effectiveness of AR/VR in presenting cultural artifacts. Preliminary findings suggest that younger visitors exhibit a stronger preference for technology-driven exhibits, while all age groups show interest in the preservation of intangible heritage. The paper argues that adopting interactive technologies can bridge the gap in museum presentations of Tiv culture, making it more engaging for diverse audiences while ensuring that cultural heritage is preserved in a dynamic and accessible format.

Islamic Finance as a tool to improve Financial Inclusion in Uzbekistan: Implications for reducing Poverty and Income Inequality. []


Financial exclusion is among the main factors that hinder not only business opportunities and investment, but also consumer spending through lack of access to credits and other financial services. Furthermore, it can make it difficult to make payments for utilities and other needs, potentially contributing to hardships in sustenance of people, particularly in underserved areas. Various empirical studies have been conducted into financial inclusion relating it to the adoption of Islamic banking. These studies consistently have shown that Islamic finance may improve financial inclusion by appealing to the population with religious faith as a main reason for their exclusion. However, this reason is cited only by a small percentage of unbanked muslims as a main barrier to account ownership. Furthermore, better financial inclusion is shown to be negatively associated with poverty levels and income inequality, as represented through Gini coefficient of countries, according to several studies. Although these studies have provided robust information on the relationship between the variables, country-specific conclusions yet require deeper analysis of unique economic, social, political and cultural circumstances of Uzbekistan.

Sustainability Reporting and Financial Performance: Evidence from Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria []


This study explored the impact of sustainability reporting on the financial performance of publicly listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The research focused on 58 manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) as of December 2023. Using an ex-post facto research design, data were gathered from the annual reports and financial statements of 10 selected firms over a 10-year period, from 2014 to 2023. Financial performance was assessed using Return on Assets (ROA), while sustainability reporting was represented through the social performance index, environmental performance index, and governance performance index. The multiple regression analysis findings showed that the social performance index has a significantly negative impact on the financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. In contrast, both the environmental performance index and governance performance index positively and significantly influence the financial performance of these firms. The study suggests that Nigerian manufacturing firms should prioritize environmental disclosures and government policies, as these elements are crucial for enhancing their return on assets and ensuring long-term governance sustainability, ultimately improving firm value.

Youth-Led Climate Solutions for Resilient Communities in Cambodia []


In the face of escalating climate challenges, the youth of Cambodia are emerging as pivotal agents of change, spearheading innovative solutions to build resilient communities. This study explores the dynamic role of Cambodian youth in addressing climate change through grassroots initiatives, policy advocacy, and community engagement. By leveraging local knowledge and modern technology, young leaders are developing sustainable practices that mitigate environmental impacts and enhance community resilience. Key initiatives include reforestation projects, sustainable agriculture practices, and renewable energy adoption. The findings highlight the potential of youth-led movements to drive significant environmental and social transformations, underscoring the importance of empowering young people in the global climate action agenda. This research advocates for increased support and investment in youth-led climate initiatives to foster a more sustainable and resilient future for Cambodia. Keywords: Youth-led initiatives, Climate resilience, Sustainable practices, Community engagement, Reforestation, Renewable energy, Policy advocacy, Environmental impact, Sustainable agriculture, and Grassroots movements.

Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) and its Future []


This position paper delves into the transformative role of AI, especially in utilizing chatbots and digital marketing, while addressing the inherent challenges such as bias. It points out the significant rise of chatbots in e-commerce platforms and explores how AI can refine marketing strategies, stressing the need for AI systems to overcome cultural biases in their recommendations. Furthermore, the text introduces the concept of artificial empathy, examining its potential to enhance customer interactions and the necessity for ongoing research into its application and ethical implications. It identifies major hurdles in AI integration, including the development of artificial empathy, the perpetuation of existing biases, and the dependence on outdated data, suggesting that despite AI’s benefits like increased operational efficiency and personalized marketing approaches, meticulous oversight is required to navigate its ethical complexities and data accuracy. Looking forward, the text advocates for a global research strategy that embraces cross cultural perspectives and technological advancements, focusing human behavior recognition to facilitate AI adoption in emerging markets. Ultimately, it highlights AI’s capacity to revolutionize small businesses using activity and behavior computing.

Entrepreneurial strategic orientation and performance of small and medium livestock enterprises in Kenya. []


This study examined how entrepreneurial strategic orientation influences the performance of small and medium livestock enterprises in Kenya. The focus was on shedding light on the impact of entrepreneurial strategic orientation on the success and development of these enterprises in the Kenyan context. The research explores the effects of entrepreneurial strategic orientation on various performance metrics in the livestock sector. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as Joseph Schumpeter's theory, Knight's uncertainty bearing theory, McClelland's motivation theory, resource-based view theory, and Elton Mayo's neoclassical management theory, it examines the theoretical underpinnings of entrepreneurial behavior and its implications for livestock enterprises. A mixed research design was utilized and focused on a population of 500 small and medium-sized livestock farms in Turkana County, Kenya. Employing a stratified sampling, a sample of 196 entrepreneurs was selected for data collection. Questionnaires were used as primary data collection tool, with pilot testing undertaken to ensure the validity and reliability of the research instrument. The findings revealed that strategies such as product diversification, cost reduction, leveraging technology and innovation, implementing performance-based reward systems, optimizing management structures, and a streamlined tax systems within the livestock value chain are essential in improving livestock performance. An F-value of 54.337 with a significance level of .000 indicated a strong positive effect between entrepreneurial strategic orientation and performance of small and medium livestock enterprises in Kenya. These research findings are essential to entrepreneurs, policymakers, implementers, and other stakeholders in the livestock sector, providing valuable insights to inform decision-making and foster sustainable growth within the industry in Kenya. Keywords; Entrepreneurial strategic orientation, Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

CRYPTOGRAPHIC FOUNDATIONS AND CYBERSECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY. []


Blockchain technology, first introduced with Bitcoin, has evolved into a powerful system for secure data exchange across numerous industries. Its foundation relies on cryptographic methods like hash algorithms, public key cryptography, and digital signatures to maintain data integrity and transparency without the need for a central authority. This paper traces the development of blockchain technology, exploring its uses beyond cryptocurrencies, including applications in healthcare, supply chain management, and secure voting systems. The paper also delves into the underlying cryptographic principles, examining the cybersecurity challenges and vulnerabilities associated with blockchain, particularly in the context of quantum computing threats. Through case studies, the paper highlights how blockchain can improve privacy, transparency, and resilience in practical settings. Finally, the paper discusses future research avenues aimed at enhancing blockchain's efficiency and security in the face of emerging technological advancements.

Audit Committee Attributes and Financial Performance: Evidence from Selected Oil and Gas Firms in Nigeria []


Abstract: This study explored the impact of Audit Committee Attributes on the financial performance of selected listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. The study focused on selected oil and gas firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) as of December 31, 2023. An ex-post facto research design was employed, with data extracted from the annual reports and accounts of selected oil and gas firms, covering a ten-year period from 2014 to 2023. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques. The findings showed that Audit Committee size has an insignificantly positive impact on the financial performance of the selected oil and gas firms in Nigeria. Meanwhile, Audit Committee Independence had a negative and insignificant effect on their financial performance, and Audit Committee Financial Expertise also showed a positive but insignificant impact. The study recommends enhancing the effectiveness of the audit committee by including members with financial expertise, particularly in accounting, to better manage issues related to financial performance.

Exploring Job Satisfaction: Insights from Christian Organizations in Nigeria []


This monograph explores the complexity of job satisfaction, drawing from various fields of study, and asserts that factors such as job usefulness, individual indicators, organizational climate, trust level, and core business beliefs strongly influence its nature. Our understanding of job satisfaction is shaped by the shift to a globalized knowledge-driven economy, where organizations with a knowledge advantage are more successful. There is a growing interest in how religious beliefs and organizations can enhance well-being and job satisfaction in the 21st-century work environment. Despite criticisms of religious beliefs and organizations, their positive enabling and supportive capabilities in the workplace cannot be overlooked.

TEACHER-MADE BOOKLET OF ALTERNATIVE PRACTICAL PERFORMANCES IN TEACHING PHYSICAL EDUCATION 10 []


The study aimed to develop and determine the acceptability of the Teacher-Made Booklet of Alternative Practical Performances in Teaching Physical Education 10 which will be used as an instructional material in teaching Physical Education 10. This was conducted at Manuel I. Santos Memorial National High School during the School Year 2020 – 2021. The study used the descriptive – developmental method of research utilizing two instruments such as the modified questionnaire-checklist for the level of acceptability of the grade 10 MAPEH teachers and for evaluation of the Physical Education experts on the developed booklet. The respondents consisted of 6 grade 10 MAPEH teachers and 5 Physical Education experts. The developed booklet in Physical Education 10 covers 4 quarters with topic such as: Quarter I (Active Recreation-Sports), Quarter II (Active Recreation-Fitness), Quarter III (Active Recreation-Street and HipHop Dances), and Quarter IV (Other Dance Forms- Cheerdance and Contemporary Dance). Mean was used to determine the level of acceptability of the developed booklet as rated by the grade 10 MAPEH teachers and to know the evaluation of the Physical Education experts. The study found out that the developed booklet in Physical Education 10 is Very Highly Acceptable considering its objectives, contents, alternative practical performances, style and presentation, organization, creativity, and assessment. Furthermore, the Physical Education experts Strongly Agree that the booklet in Physical Education 10 has an excellent content, grammar/language usage and is well presented which will be useful and appropriate as an instructional material that will significantly give assistance to grade 10 MAPEH teachers in the teaching-learning process. Based on the summary of findings, the following conclusions were drawn: the developed booklet in Physical Education 10 for Grade 10 learners was an acceptable instructional material and a valid one that possessed the characteristics of a booklet and can therefore be utilized by the Grade 10 teachers as a supplemental and a sup-porting instructional material in teaching Physical Education 10. The developed booklet was interesting as evaluated by the teachers and experts. This electronic document is a “live” template. The various components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] are already defined on the style sheet, as illustrated by the portions given in this document. Minimum 7 keywords are mandatory; Keywords should closely reflect the topic and should optimally characterize the paper. Use about four key words or phrases in alphabetical order, separated by commas. This electronic document is a “live” template. The various components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] are already defined on the style sheet, as illustrated by the portions given in this document.

CURRICULUM REFLECTIONS IN PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF SCHOLARLY PERSPECTIVES []


This paper reflects on the essential elements of a curriculum such as planning, development, implementation, and evaluation with the help of a variety of scholarly perspectives. It presents ideas and insights on how a curriculum is planned, developed, implemented and evaluated through the different impressions and research made by scholars. This paper delves into the intricate process of curriculum development by examining and using a broad array of scholarly insights. The discussion highlights the multifaceted nature of curriculum and its phases in creating an effective educational framework. This paper synthesizes diverse scholarly insights into the curriculum process, elucidating the interconnectedness of planning, development, implementation, and evaluation. Through a comprehensive exploration of these elements, it lays the groundwork for ongoing dialogue and research in curriculum studies, aiming to enhance educational practices and outcomes for the betterment of the teaching-learning processes.

Les chenilles comestibles de petersianthus macrocarpus []


ABSTRACT Les forêts du sud-est du Cameroun apportent une valeur ajoutée importante dans l’économie des peuples baka et konabembé ainsi que dans leur survie, c’est ainsi que les chenilles comestibles contribuent pleinement au bien- être des populations locales. Parmi les espèces ligneuses dont se nourrissent les chenilles, nous avons Petersian- thus macrocarpus (P. Beauv.) Liben, du nom populaire Abing ou Abale, qui est une espèce de la famille des Lecythidaceae. Malgré son potentiel, son importance économique, alimentaire et médicinale, il est regrettable de constater le peu de valorisation de cette ressource africaine au Cameroun par exemple, plus précisément dans la localité de Gribe et ses environs. Pour mener à bien notre étude, la première phase de la recherche était basée sur l’identification des différentes chenilles de Petersianthus macrocarpus et une description par observation desdites chenilles. Ensuite, la deuxième phase a eu lieu au laboratoire, elle consistait à compléter les différentes informations manquantes, avec l'aide d'un entomologiste. La biodiversité des forêts du sud-est du Cameroun nous a permis de recenser une diversité intra et interspécifique de chenilles comestibles. Pour la diversité intras- pécifique, nous avons recensé une famille de chenilles comestibles, à savoir (Saturniidae). Pour la diversité in- terspécifique, nous avons recensé quatre espèces de chenilles comestibles, à savoir : Imbrasia truncata (Aurivil- lius, 1908), Imbrasia epimethea (Drury, 1773), Imbrasia epimethea calabar coast, Imbrasia epimethea spp. La préservation des chenilles comestibles et de leurs plantes hôtes est non seulement importante d'un point de vue écologique, mais aussi culturel, économique et nutritionnel.

STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN CONGO []


The historical background, present situation, difficulties, and potential future of the transportation infrastructure in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Congo are the main topics of this study. Economic development and social integration depend heavily on transportation infrastructure, yet both countries confront major obstacles because of colonial legacies, unstable political environments, and a lack of investment. Although the Republic of Congo has made significant progress in developing its rail and road systems, only over 10% of its roads are paved, and maintenance is still a major problem. The Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the other hand, has an even more disjointed transportation system, with only 2,250 km of paved highways serving a sizable population. This study uses empirical analysis and the GIS model to demonstrate a causal relationship between transportation infrastructure and economic growth in these nations. The findings show that investments in roads and railroads increase productivity and contribute to long-term economic growth. Recommendations include prioritizing rural infrastructure investments, including sustainable practices into construction projects, and enhancing governance to prevent corruption and inefficiency. Finally, this study aims to provide useful insights for policymakers and stakeholders involved in infrastructure development in the Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, emphasizing the importance of strategic investments that can promote long-term economic growth and improve connectivity between these countries.

Le soufisme entre le pluralisme des définitions et des approches []


Le soufisme désigne le mysticisme musulman qui existait de manière ineffable dès la première ère du Prophète, des compagnons et des épigones. Or, sa nomination implique tant de définitions et une multitude d’hypothèses concernant son origine. Si le terme soufisme est introduit en français sans entraîner d’embarras au niveau de son équivalence, l’origine du mot « tassawuf » " التصوف" et ses dérivés ont été imposés, cependant, face à plusieurs hypothèses éloignées, voire même contradictoires. À travers ce travail intitulé : Le soufisme entre le pluralisme des définitions et des approches, nous allons aborder le soufisme, en trois axes principaux. D’abord, d’un angle étymologique, afin de reconnaître l’origine du terme « tasawuf » et son dérivé « soufiya » الصوفية". Ensuite, nous exposerons, brièvement, un aperçu sur les différentes étapes qu’avait parcourues le soufisme. Après ces aperçus étymologique et historique, nous clôturons cette recherche par une approche soufie, dans laquelle nous nous plongerons dans l’océan du soufisme afin d’être plus proche de sa source et de son essence. Il en sera question de cueillir des définitions et des témoignages à partir de l’expérience des soufis anciens et actuels.

Croisement des commandements dans les religions monothéistes : cas du décalogue []


Cet article s’inscrit dans le cadre général des études comparées et d’une recherche en interculturel et interreligieux en particulier. Nous avons tenu à mettre l’accent sur l’analogie existante entre les Livres sacrés des trois religions célestes ; le judaïsme, le christianisme et l’islam, en nous limitant à l’étude du décalogue, les dix paroles écrites par Dieu sur les tablettes à Moïse sur le Mont Sinaï. Notre travail cherche plus particulièrement à trouver des versets coraniques qui correspondent, au niveau du sens et de l’essence, à leurs homologues bibliques. À travers cet article, nous tenterons de démontrer l’universalité des valeurs morales transmises par le décalogue et que nous retrouvons dans le Coran ; le dernier Livre révélé.