Volume 12, Issue 4, April 2024 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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Genetic Variability, Diversity and Correlation Studies in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes At Holeta []


One hundred bread wheat genotypes were grown at Holetta Agricultural Research center main station during main cropping season 2021-2022. Those genotypes were evaluated for variability parameters and correlation for grain yield per hector, grain filling period, and total number of tillers per plant, 1000-kernel weight, and kernel per spike. All traits shown significant genotypic differences. The estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were high for grain yield, thousand kernel weight and kernel per spike. This indicates that selection will be effective based on these traits and their phenotypic expression would be a good indicator of the genotypic potential of the studied wheat materials. All the studied characters recorded its heritability. These traits also indicate high expected genetic advance except grain filling period. Grain yield per plant showed highly significant positive correlation with thousand kernel weight, spikelet per spike, kernel per spike, and significant negative correlation with total number of tiller per plant. Based on quantitative data, bread wheat genotypes were grouped by cluster analysis on the basis of Euclidean distances of similarity to their distinct groups.

Correlation between Anthropometric Measures and Pulmonary Function Parameters Of Obese and Non-Obese Male Adults In Rivers State []


The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between anthropometric measures and pulmonary function parameters of obese and non-obese males in Rivers State. The participants were 20 obese and non-obese male Adults as control group within the age range from 18 to 50 years respectively. The study adopted simple random sampling technique. Anthropometric and pulmonary parameters measurements were obtained directly from participants at the field and the study lasted for some 12 days. The data were presented as mean and standard deviation for each parameter, Pearson`s Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient was used the result analysis. The significance level is placed at P<0.05 using linear regression while confident level taken to be 95%. The result shows 21.11 as an average BMI of the non-obese, while that of obese males 22.54, revealed a positive relationship between BMI of obese and ERV with P-Value at 0.017 for non-obese males. A negative relationship between BMI and ERV with P-Value at 0.063, shows that as BMI increases, ERV decreases, not statistically significant. Revealed higher BMI, a lower ERV, a positive correlation between BMI, and IRV of obese and non-obese, BMI increases, IRV also increases, however, correlation is not statistically significant ( P>0.05) for both non-obese and obese, values of IRV are higher in non-obese compared to obese, however, a positive correlation between BMI and IRV, a positive relationship between BMI and FVC in non-obese existed, this relationship is not statistically significant ( P>0.05), shows increase in BMI accelerates FVC, a negative correlation between WC and ERV in non-obese , correlation is not statistically significant. A positive correction between WC and FVC in obese whereas a negative correlation between W C and FVC seen, a negative correlation between HtoWR and ERV in obese while there exists a positive relationship between WtoHR and ERV, a negative correlation between WtoHR and IRV in both obese and non-obese, a positive relationship between WtoHR and FVC for non-obese and obese, relationship was not significant. BMI showed a positive correlation with pulmonary function. Results obtained from the present study indicated that non-obese had a significantly higher FVC, ERV, and IRV than the obese. This Greater values among the non-obese could be explained due to better strengthening of respiratory muscles as a result of strenuous physical activity.

Comparative Analysis of functional-oriented program design and object-oriented program design : a case study of an Average Score program []


In software engineering, the choice of programming paradigms is critical to system design and development. This paper addresses the critical issue of deciding between functional-oriented and object-oriented programme design by conducting a comparative analysis in the context of an Average Score program. The main research problem is to determine the strengths and weaknesses of these design paradigms in terms of readability, maintainability, performance, and scalability. Previous research has looked at the benefits of each paradigm separately, but few studies have directly compared them in a specific application domain, such as Average Score program. Our proposed solution entails creating two versions of an average score program, one using functional programming techniques and the other using object-oriented programming. Java is chosen as the high-level language of implementation. Methodologically, the study uses a comprehensive evaluation framework that includes readability, maintainability, performance, and scalability metrics. The implementation process entails transalting a pseudocode of an Average score program into a Java program – one implemented using functional-orinted program and the other using object-oriented program design. The implementation followed the best coding practices for each programming paradigm. The findings reveal clear distinctions between the two design approaches, with functional-oriented design demonstrating superior readability and performance, while object-oriented design may excel at maintainability and code reuse. The findings of this study provide useful guidance for practitioners and software developers faced with the decision of making program design decisions in similar contexts. Recommendations include considering the specific requirements and constraints of the project, leveraging the strengths of each paradigm, and potentially exploring hybrid approaches for optimal system design. Future research efforts could focus on hybrid paradigms or broaden the comparative analysis to other application domains, enriching the discussion of programming paradigm selection in software engineering.

The Health Status of Emergency Physicians at Salmaniya Medical Complex; Kingdom of Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study []


ABSTRACT Background: Emergency physicians (EPs) are at risk of developing mental and physical conditions due to the nature of their stressful work. There is limited data on the general health of EPs, thus this study aims to study the health status of EPs at Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC) which provides emergency services in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Methods: A cross-sectional study investigating a total of 78 EPs working at SMC using an electronic survey, which included physician’s demographic data, medical characteristics, and conditions within the last 5 years. Results: The survey had a response percentage of 96.7% (n = 58). Forty-eight (48.3%) percent of EPs considered themselves in good health. Also,72.4% of EPs have had at least one medical condition, and 43.1%, had more than one medical condition. In the past five years, EPs suffered mostly from burnout (43.1%), anxiety (24.1%), and depression (17.2%). With regards to physical medical conditions, the prevalence of dyslipidemia (13.8%), obesity (13.8%), diabetes (12.1%), and hypertension (12.1%) were the highest. More than half of EPs (77.6%) did not have a family physician or GP for themselves. Only 15.5% and 10.3% have consulted their family physician/GP, and psychiatrist respectively in the past 12 months. Conclusion: In summary though, EPs deemed themselves to be in a state of good health, a substantial proportion suffered from at least one medical condition, mostly psychiatric. Keywords: emergency, physicians, Health, Bahrain, Salmaniya

THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBLE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON MANUFACTURING ENTER-PRISE GREEN TECHNOLOGY PERFORMANCE []


This study investigates the relationship between Environmental Responsible Human Resource Management (ERHRM) practices and Green Technology Performance (GTP) within manufacturing enterprises. Drawing on the AMO theory (Ability, Motivation, and Opportunities), quan-titative research was conducted using a questionnaire distributed to HR managers and employees in green manufacturing enterprises. The study examines the influence of environmental training and education, employee involvement, and reward systems on GTP, with adaptive capability as a mediating variable. Data analysis was conducted using Stata and Smart PLS4 software, employing descriptive statistics, correla-tion analysis, and regression analysis. Results indicate significant positive effects of environmental training and education, employee involve-ment, and certain dimensions of reward systems on GTP. However, further exploration is warranted to understand the nuanced relationships and potential moderators shaping these outcomes.

Assessing the burden of Neurocysticercosis in Uganda: A Systematic Review of epidemiology, efforts, challenges, and recommendations. []


Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by the helminth Taenia solium, which is of the same family as Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica, with pigs as intermediate hosts. Taenia solium eggs are ingested through the fecal-oral route, where cysts form in the small intestines and cause human taeniasis. In the small intestines, the larvae of Taenia solium attach to the lumen of the small intestines with the help of scolex. When the cysts proliferate in the tissues, they cause human cysticercosis, and when they affect the central nervous system, they cause Neurocysticercosis. According to the WHO Guidelines on the Management of T. solium Neurocysticercosis published in 2021, there is an estimated total number of symptomatic and asymptomatic NCC cases of 2.56-8.30 million. In 2010, there were nearly 3000 deaths in Uganda due to NCC, leading to an estimated number of 9000 new cases of epilepsy that led to expenditures of accurately $8,000 per new case. After about three months, the calcification of cysts is finalized, and mature cysts are formed, leading to brain granulomas responsible for seizures and other neurological complications. This article aims to assess the burden of NCC in Uganda and provide recommendations for mitigating and eradicating NCC in Uganda.

Research Capability Building and Practices of Teachers in Community Colleges: Basis for Research Development Plan []


Research capability building and teachers' best practices are gateway and gate-guard in transforming society capability and development. Higher research capability building tend to practice a teacher as a teacher-researcher. The levels of research capability building and research practices of teachers in the recognized community colleges of Misamis Oriental, Mindanao Philippines for the Fiscal Year 2023-2024 were understudied. After which, may be able to design a research development plan on research capability building and practices with the three hundred ninety-one (391) faculty from recognized community colleges of Misamis Oriental, Mindanao Philippines. The researcher-made questionnaire were designed and statistically analyzed with standardize deviation Pearson -r coefficient relation. Thus, the findings revealed no significant relationship between the level of research capability-building and research practices to the respondent’s characteristics, highest educational attainment, training/seminars and attended on research, position, and research publication. Peculiar research locale need a diverse socially engaged research paradigm. Keywords: research capability building _ research practices

Nicotine replacement therapy []


1.Nicotine replacement therapy is considered an effective tool in smoking  cessation. it is important to note that it is not a  standalone solution. Combining NRT with behavioral therapy,  counseling, and support from healthcare professionals or support  groups can significantly improve the chances of quitting 2. The availability of different types of dosage forms for NRT leads to easy patient complnce 3. Incorrect use for NRT may lead to non-compliance with treatment 4. NRT is not free of side effects

Analyse Comparative de l'Enseignement Secondaire Qualifiant au Maroc : Public vs Privé []


L'étude comparative entre l'enseignement public et privé au Maroc au niveau du baccalauréat en 2022 révèle de nombreuses différences très frappantes. Les écoles privées affichent généralement des taux de réussite plus élevés, attribués en partie à leurs avantages en termes de ressources, d'infrastructures et d'enseignants qualifiés. En revanche, les écoles publiques, bien qu'engagées dans l'accessibilité, font face à des défis liés aux ressources limitées et aux disparités régionales. Cependant, les résultats doivent être interprétés avec prudence, car d'autres facteurs dont le contexte socio-économique des élèves jouent énormément. Cette étude souligne la nécessité d'améliorer davantage la qualité de l'enseignement public tout en reconnaissant les avantages de l'enseignement privé pour offrir une éducation équitable à tous les apprenants marocains.

Cantor’s Ternary Set is also Countable []


The Cantor set is a famous set first introduced by German mathematician Georg Cantor in 1883. It is simply a subset of the interval [0, 1] . This set is considered to be uncountable. This paper explains that cantor’s Ternary Set can be written as Countable union of Countable intersection of Closed Nested Intervals and with the help of Cantor’s Nested intervals theorem , Cantor’s Ternary Set is Countable.

Analysis of the Degrees of Explainability of Multiple Macroeconomic Indicators to Happiness []


This paper explores the relations between four country-level macroeconomic indicators (namely income level, income inequality, unemployment level, and gender inequality) and happiness. Past studies have suggested that there are nuances surrounding each of the relations. In spite of these nuances, this paper seeks to find the correlations' association powers, which this paper dubs as "the degrees of explainability". This is done through the employment of multiple statistical analyses as the methodology. They are the correlation coefficient of the linear regression analysis, the pearson coefficient, and P-value. The results show that among the four correlations observed, only 3 have statistical significance, they are income level, income inequality, and gender inequality. From those, the income level has the highest degree of explainability to happiness. It is followed by the gender inequality. In last place, with the lowest degree of explainability to happiness is the income inequality.

Performance Evaluation of a Functional-oriented Program Design and Object-oriented program design: A case study of the Average Score program []


In software development, the programming paradigm used has a significant impact on system performance and maintainability. This research study compares the performance of two dominant paradigms: functional-oriented programming (FOP) and object-oriented programming (OOP). The emphasis is on evaluating the performance of these paradigms using a case study of the Average Score program, which is a simple but illustrative computational task. The primary research problem addressed in this study is understanding the performance implications of using functional-oriented or object-oriented programme design methodologies. Previous research has shed light on the theoretical advantages and disadvantages of each paradigm. However, empirical evidence on their relative performance in real-world scenarios is scarce.To address this problem, this study proposes a comprehensive performance evaluation framework that rigorously evaluates the execution time, memory usage, and scalability of functional-oriented and object-oriented implementations of the Average Score program. The research methodology includes designing and implementing both program versions with appropriate programming languages and tools. Perfoemance tests are carried out using JMeter to assess and compare the performance metrics of each implementation. The results of the study revealed subtle differences between the functional-oriented and object-oriented approaches, providing valuable insights into their respective strengths and weaknesses, thereby helping software developers make informed design decisions. This study provides evidence-based guidance to software developers by elucidating the performance characteristics of functional-oriented and object-oriented program designs. Recommendations based on the study's findings will guide future software engineering practices and advance the field. Keywords: Performance Evaluation, Program Design, Functional-oriented Design, Object-oriented design, Performance Testing

DEVELOPMENT OF PORTABLE 4G AND 5G NETWORK BASIC SIGNAL ANALYSIS DEVICE FOR PHILIPPINE CELL SITES []


The ever-evolving landscape of mobile communication technologies, exemplified by the rapid progression of 4G and 5G networks, underscores the critical need for sophisticated signal analysis tools. This necessity is particularly pronounced in regions like the Philippines, where a resilient telecommunications infrastructure is indispensable for societal and economic progress. Responding to this imperative, the present study embarked on the development of a bespoke solution: a portable 4G and 5G Network Basic Signal Analysis Device meticulously crafted for deployment across the Philippine archipelago. To ensure a thorough and effective development process, the study outlined specific objectives. Firstly, it sought to engineer a portable device utilizing readily available and cost-effective components, thereby fostering accessibility and affordability, crucial factors in the context of resource-constrained environments. Secondly, emphasis was placed on crafting a user-friendly interface facilitating intuitive real-time measurement and visualization of pivotal signal parameters. These included not only technical metrics such as signal strength and quality but also geographical data like longitude, latitude, and altitude. Additionally, the device boasted rudimentary data logging capabilities essential for capturing and storing fundamental signal analysis metrics. Field testing emerged as a linchpin in this endeavor, with extensive evaluations conducted at various cell sites throughout the Philippine archipelago, with particular focus on the city of Sorsogon. Through meticulous on-site testing, the study aimed to amass empirical data, thereby illuminating nuanced insights into the performance of 4G and 5G networks. Such insights are pivotal for devising informed strategies to optimize network performance and efficacy, thus enhancing overall connectivity and user experience. Central to the study's objectives was the demonstration of the simplicity and accessibility of 4G and 5G signal analysis facilitated by the developed hardware tool. Furthermore, the study sought to gauge the system's quality against the rigorous standards delineated by ISO/IEC 25010:2011. This encompassed a multifaceted evaluation spanning functional suitability, performance efficiency, compatibility, usability, reliability, security, maintainability, and portability. The validation phase constituted a culmination of the study's efforts, involving meticulous scrutiny by a panel comprising esteemed experts from pertinent domains. This included two IT specialists, a Telecommunications engineer, and two RF engineers hailing from the esteemed National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) Region 5. Their rigorous evaluation not only attested to the robustness, accuracy, and practicality of the developed device but also underscored its efficacy in addressing the idiosyncratic challenges inherent to signal analysis in Philippine cell sites. Key Words: 4G, 5G, Aemilianum College Inc., Cell Sites, Connectivity, Device, Field Testing, Geographic Data, Geographical Information, Network Performance, Real-time Measurement, Signal Analysis, Telecommunications.

ASSESSING EFL TEACHERS’ AWARENESS AND PRACTICE OF COOPERATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING METHOD IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS AND CHALLENGES THEY FACE:FIVE GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOLS IN GERESSIE CLUSTER GRADE TEN IN FOCUS []


This study was aimed at assessing the EFL teachers’ awareness and practice of cooperative language learning methods in teaching speaking skills and challenges they face. To this end, 30 English language teachers of grade ten and 265 students of the same grade level were randomly selected and involved in the study. A mixed-method research approach was used to collect the data. The questionnaires, classroom observations, and grade ten English student text book analyses were employed for data collections. The quantitative data were analyzed through frequency, percentage and mean while the qualitative data were analyzed in thematically. The results of the quantitative data were triangulated with the qualitative data and analyzed based on their categories. The findings of the study revealed that teachers had conceptual awareness of the advantage of cooperative language learning method in enhancing students’ spoken language proficiency through interaction. However, the results of the implementation of CLL analysis revealed that teachers’ level of awareness could not match with the actual implementation of the method. In other words there is little or no use of the techniques of CLL; many of the elements of cooperative language learning are not yet practiced. The commonly revealed factors for the low implementation of cooperative language learning principles were rushing to cover the contents of the portion, teachers’ incompetency in CLL principles, students’ unwillingness to cooperate with each other and teachers’ communicative language incompetency were mentioned. Thus, English teachers have to facilitate effective use of English for communicative purpose rather than focusing on language from through cooperative method. Accordingly, it is recommended that teachers have to work hard to improve their interactive teaching skills, and to give greater opportunities for students by using cooperative work in line with CLL principles. In doing so, the mismatch between awareness and practice of cooperative language learning method would be resolve

THE CULTURE OF PEACE AND CITIZENSHIP: AN EXPLORATION OF PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS AND LECTURERS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS. []


ABSTRACT The study was a descriptive survey of the perception of students and lecturers on the culture of peace observed on campus as a result of teaching and offering Peace and Citizenship Studies in Uniuyo. The main objective of this study was to examine the opinion of lecturers and students as major stakeholders in Peace and Citizenship Studies at the University of Uyo. Social constructivism theory provided the theoretical guide for the study. The study benefited from multiple sources of qualitative data collection techniques such as focus group discussion; in-depth interviews and key informant investigation. The instrument used for data collection was an interview guide designed with open-ended questions, reliably organized and arranged to achieve the research objectives. Interviews were conducted at selected offices with the study participants. Data were collected as raw narratives from competing interrogations. Field reports were analysed thematically with each study objective forming a theme for analysis of results. Findings showed that the teaching of Citizenship and Peace Study has a great positive impact on students offering the course; Gathered data also showed that there are variations in the perception of students toward the course in the University of Uyo, among other findings. Based on these findings the study recommends improvement of facilities and the number of days designated for the teaching of the course at the tertiary level; making it compulsory in primary and secondary schools to create more impact within the Nigerian society. Key Words: Culture, peace, citizenship, Students and Lecturers

Determination Approach of the Sudan National Gravimetric Geoid Model []


The Geoid Model is mainly used to determine the orthometric height in surveying, mapping, geospatial data infrastructure, and in the industry for public and private sectors to generate and transmit the vertical corrections for the RTK measurements for planning, land reclamation, development, and construction, oil prospection, etc. Such wide use of the data puts special requirements on the data quality and reliability of the geoid model results. To ensure the quality and high reliability of the geoid model, extensive measurements, testing and validation of the geoid model should be implemented. The development of the Sudan National Gravimetric Geoid Model (SNGGM); requires absolute and relative gravity measurements, GNSS grid observations for existing and newly established benchmarks, and Geodetic Control Points (GCPs). As well as the acquisition and analysis of existing local and global gravity data that is needed for geoid model computations and fitting processes incorporating gravity, leveling, GNSS, and DTM data. The final validation of the computed Geoid Model will be done using the ground truth data, and independent ground control points will be used for the quality check of the derived Geoid model.