Volume 11, Issue 6, June 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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A Novel Approach for Accurate Target Detection in the worst Radar Environments []


This paper introduces a new method called Maximum Spike Subtraction (MSS) for Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) circuit design in radar receivers. The objective of this method is to detect targets accurately in cluttered and multi-interfering target environments. The MSS method work by selecting the maximum sample amplitude from the input signal sampler and subtracting it from the sum of echo samples in the sliding reference cell window of CFAR. This process provides a more precise estimation of the background noise, which enables the determination of an accurate threshold for target detection, resulting in a lower false alarm rate. In the case of multiple targets appearing within a clutter cloud, which represents challenging radar environments, the MSS-CFAR algorithm is analyzed and compared with two other important algorithms: Cell Averaged (CA-CFAR) and Ordered Statistics (OS-CFAR). These methods simulated using MATLAB and applied them to a MATLAB clutter test model that represents various radar environment scenarios. The purpose of these simulations and comparisons is to evaluate the performance of the MSS-CFAR algorithm against the CA-CFAR and OS-CFAR algorithms in detecting targets within cluttered and multi-interfering environments.

ASSESSING GOVERNMENT TRANSITIONAL SHELTER AND SOCIAL SERVICES: THE CASE OF IDPS IN SAGONSONGAN TRANSITORY SHELTER, MARAWI CITY, PHILIPPINES []


This study sought to assess the transitional shelter in Sagonsongan Transitory Shelter and its component social services delivered to the IDPs. This study involved 210 respondents, who are housing beneficiaries duly endorsed by the LGU for TFBM. The instrument used in data gathering was a self-structured survey questionnaire consisting of the socio-demographic profile of the respondents, the social services provided to them, their perceptions of the effectiveness of the transitional shelter, and the problems they encoun-tered in the transitional shelter. The significant findings disclosed that the central government's delivery of relief goods, particularly food, medicine, and health care services, had gradually diminished. As to the effectiveness of the transitory shelters, the data showed that the IDPs felt satisfied and comfortable with their transitory shelters in terms of their physical structure, space, and ventilation but vehemently complained about the five-year moratorium period for their right of occupancy of the temporary shelter. The findings disclosed the inadequacy of the potable water supply for the problems encountered by the IDPs in their transitory shelters. Nonethe-less, the IDPs expressed the need to dislodge their septic tanks. Lastly, the IDPs felt the area could be better for a livelihood program. Thus, employment opportunities are preferable. The government should provide income-generating assistance to IDPs to help them become self-reliant and independent. They should develop a mechanism to extend the security of tenure, prioritize and intervene in intermittent water supply, and implement programs to provide income to the IDPs.

CULTURE-BASED MODULAR INSTRUCTION AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF LEARNERS IN ENGLISH []


The task of instructing English has presented a formidable obstacle to language educators in light of the multifarious cultural backgrounds of their students. It has been observed that certain students experience difficulty in connecting with the pedagogical approach employed by educators, leading to a consequential impact on their scholastic achievement. Due to this diversity, learners become least participative in their classes since most of them can hardly understand the lessons taught due to irrelevant teaching approaches. Generally, the vital purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Culture-Based Instruction to the academic performance of Grade 7 learners in English at Lambayong National High School during the school year 2022-2023 during the in-person classes. Based on the result, the culture-based module in English has passed the qualities expected by the target users, English Teachers and it met the above quality standard. This indicates that the module in English has good content, has relevant content. Accepted by the readers, and excellent in terms of its instructional aspect. Moreover, the results also imply that both experimental and control group did not perform well in the beginning of the experiment prior to the usage of culture-based module in English. However, during the post test, it has been revealed that there is a significant increase on the students’ academic achievements, especially to the experimental group who used the culture-based module in English. Control group is in fairly satisfactory level without the intervention of the module Keywords: Culture-Based Modular Instruction, English, Teaching

GAME-BASED APPROACH AND STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS 9 []


This study is focused on the effectiveness of Game-Based Approach and Student’s Academic Performance in Mathematics 9. It aimed to validate the Lesson Exemplars in Quadrilaterals, Similarity and Trigonometry, embedded with games and test its effect in the academic performance of the students. True experimental research design was employed in this study using the Pre-test-Posttest-Control Group Design. The subjects of the study were total of one hundred (100) Grade 9 students from a purposive sampling method. The control group was exposed to Traditional Approach and the experimental group was subjected to the Game-Based Approach. The mean was used to determine quality of the lesson exemplar as assessed by experts. The mean, standard deviation, t-test and probability test were utilized to determine the significant difference of the control group and the experimental group. Findings verified that the developed lesson exemplar suits the level of the learners. Results revealed that the mean scores of the control group and the experimental group were similar before the experimentation. However, the posttest scores revealed that games did help students to perform better in Mathematics as showed by the experimental group who performed significantly better in terms of academic performance than that of the control group. Keywords: Game-Based Approach, Academic Performance, Mathematics Learning, Mathematics 9, True Experimental Design,

EXPERIENCES, CHALLENGES, AND COPING MECHANISMS OF TEACHERS IN MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING AND PROGRESSIVE FACE-TO-FACE MODALITY []


This study explored teachers' experiences, challenges, and coping mechanisms in modular distance learning and progressive face-to-face modality at Pimbalayan National High School in the Municipality of Lambayong. It employed a phenomenological study using thematic analysis in processing the responses of the participants. On the experiences of teachers handling modular distance learning modality and progressively limited face-to-face, the following themes were generated, challenges in teaching two learning modalities, unable to teach them simultaneously, communication barrier, armed conflict, redo’s and inaccessible roads, and school’s shortage of resources. On the challenges of teachers handling modular distance learning modality and progressively limited face-to-face the following themes were generated, work overload, the difficulty of modules transportation and distribution, cognitive disabilities and slow communication skills, and trouble using technology. Interestingly, the coping mechanism to address those challenges experienced by the teachers handling two learning modalities, the theme generated were, creating lesson plans that were appropriate for two groups of learners, thinking positively and pessimistically, and time management. Keywords: Modular Distance Learning, Experiences, Challenges, Coping Mechanism

SCHOOL HEADS ADVERSITY QUOTIENT AND SCHOOL CLIMATE []


An organization essentially is made up of people and in order for the organization to be resilient it needs people who can respond quickly and effectively to change while enduring minimal stress. This study examined the school heads and the school climate they handle in the municipality of Senator Ninoy Aquino for this School Year 2022-2023. It employed descriptive-correlational design among twenty-nine teachers and school heads. Mean and Pearson – moment correlation coefficients were employed to test the hypothesis. The adversity quotient of the school head in terms of control, ownership, and reach was “Observed to the lesser level” while endurance was found to be “Observed to the moderate level”. Meanwhile, the school climate handled by the school head in terms of engagement and safety was found to be “Observed to the great extent” and the environment was found to be “Observed to the greatest extent”. Finally, there was a significant relationship between school heads adversity quotient and school climate. Keywords: Adversity Quotient, School Climate, School Heads

TEACHERS’ 21ST CENTURY SKILLS AND WORK PERFORMANCE []


Teachers’ performance during the new normal setting has been placed in a crucial situation in which both school administrators and teachers are urged to adopt the new transition of education. Unfortunately, there are administrators and teachers who could hardly embrace the change due to a lack of necessary skills that would complement the present status quo. Hence, this research attempts to study the implication of the teachers’ 21st Century Skills to their Work Performance in the New Normal Setting in DepEd Columbio District – I, Division of Sultan Kudarat during the School Year 2022-2023. The study is quantitative in nature, particularly descriptive-correlational to analyze the relationship between the level of teachers’ 21st Century Skills and their work performance during the New Normal Setting in DepEd Columbio District – I, Columbio, Sultan Kudarat. The respondents of this study will be the school heads and master teachers in DepEd Columbio District – I during the school year 2022-2023. Based on the result, the level of the teachers 21st Century Skills during the New Normal is rated as satisfactorily evident which means that all the school heads in this district heads are equipped with the 21st Century skills. Additionally, the level of teachers’ work performance in this District is found to be outstanding which can be attributed to the adoption of school heads to the 21st Century Skills. Consequently, it has been concluded that there is a significant relationship between the level of the teachers 21st Century Skills and their level of teachers’ work performance during the New Normal. Keywords: 21st Century Skills, Application, Teachers’ Performance, New Normal,

SCHOOL INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOR AND TEACHING SPACE QUALITY []


This study aimed to determine the relationship between interpersonal behavior and teaching space quality. This study utilized the non-experimental quantitative research design using a descriptive technique involving teachers in Sta. Maria of Davao Occidental Division, Philippines. The study was conducted in the second semester of School Year 2022-2023. Research instruments on interpersonal behavior and teaching space quality were used as sources of data. Using mean and Pearson-r as statistical tools to treat the data, the study showed the following results: the level of interpersonal behavior is very high, the level of teaching space quality is very high, and there is a significant relationship between interpersonal behavior and teaching space quality. Keywords: Interpersonal Behavior, Teaching Space Quality, School Administration and Supervision, Quantitative Research, Philippines

BIODIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (SD): A LITERATURE REVIEW []


Biodiversity and ecosystem services contribute directly to development priorities. Nearly half of the world’s population is directly dependent on natural resources for their livelihoods. Whereas, many of the most vulnerable people depend directly on biodiversity to fulfill their daily subsistence needs. Biodiversity is also at the center of many economic activities, including those related to agricul-ture, forestry, fisheries, and tourism. The importance of biodiversity and ecosystems is reflected in many of the SDGs and targets. Therefore, consideration of biodiversity and ecosystems will be essential as countries embark on the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and its SDGs, and in the implementation of key national priorities for sustainable development. Primarily, biodiversity is being viewed in the context of sustainable development and offers opportunities for poverty eradication, human well-being, and the liveli-hood and socio-cultural integrity of people, and in particular in developing countries that are rich in biodiversity but are poor and struggling to catch up with globalization challenges. Biodiversity constitutes the living natural resources that are found inhabiting our aquatic and terrestrial ecological systems. It underpins the provision of food, fiber, and water; it mitigates and provides resilience to climate change; it supports human health, and provides jobs in agriculture, fisheries, forestry, and many other sectors. Without effec-tive measures to conserve biodiversity and use its components in a sustainable manner, the 2030 Agenda will not be achievable.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON LEADERSHIP COMPETENCE, LEADERSHIP STYLES, AND EMPLOYEES’ ENGAGEMENTS []


The effectiveness of leadership began at few of the centers in Iowa 1930, Michigan and Ohio states during 1940’s and 1950’s (Avolio et al., 2009). Fisher (1985) & Chowdhury (2014) pointed out that “Leadership is probably the most written about the social phenome-non of all time” and express with grief that it is still not well understood due to its complexity, defined by the number of variables as-sociated with the concept of leadership, variables that encompass the entire social process. Researchers on leadership focused on personality and traits of leaders, situational and contingencies factors that affected leadership and behavior styles, transformational, charismatic and transactional leadership. At the end of the twentieth century, attempts were made to look at various models and competence of leadership to integrate and into a broader framework called “full range theory of leadership” (Avolio, 1999& Avolio.et.al., 2009).

THE EMPLOYEES’ INSIGHT OF THE PERFORMANCE APPRAIS-AL SYSTEM: A REVIEW []


Performance appraisal system is the method you use to evaluate employee performance and analyze performance trends. It sets a standard for the performance appraisal process while allowing some flexibility depending on the role. Performance appraisal is a dis-puted management practice. With so much controversy in it, appraisal is continually used in the public sector around the world as an instrument to oversee the performance of its personnel (Vallance, 1999). In spite of the controversy, performance appraisal remains to be a standard practice in the public sector for the reason that personnel agencies find it useful in advocating public accountability. Public sector organization may be considered as a business relying on its human resources. The quality of its human resources as a business determines the existence and buildup of the organization (Tyson, 2006). Authors have contended that, to have an effective human resource system for organizations the use of an appraisal system which is reliable and accurate is needed (Armstrong, 2003; Bohlander &Snell, 2004; Desler, 2008).

FACTORS PREDICTIVE OF RECURRENCE OF BLEEDING AFTER A BLEEDING EPISODE ON NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDS) []


SUMMARY: INTRODUCTION: Upper GI haemorrhage (UGIH) may be associated with haemorrhagic recurrence in patients on NSAIDs. The aim of our work is to identify factors predictive of recurrence after a bleeding episode in patients on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study involving 145 patients collected the hospital of Sikasso between April 2018 and April 2023. All patients admitted for HDH on NSAIDs were included. A descriptive study of the study population was carried out, as well as a univariate analysis in search of an association between haemorrhagic recurrence and the clinico-biological and socio-demographic characteristics of our patients. RESULTS : The mean age of our patients was 48 years, with a slight male predominance. Thirty percent of patients (44 patients) were on long-term aspirin therapy. Sixty-nine percent (100 patients) had an ulcer. Twenty-five (17.24%) patients had experienced recurrent haemorrhage. Univariate analysis showed that recurrent haemorrhage was significantly associated with the presence of a lower haemoglobin level (<5g/dl) (p=0.05), with a mean number of packed red blood cells transfused of 2 (p=0. 1), long-term aspirin in 54% of patients with recurrence (p=0.03) ,100% of patients with recurrence had positive helicobacter pylori (HP) histology or HP serology (p=0.02), active bleeding at initial endoscopy was noted in 38%(p=0.3) of patients. CONCLUSIONS : In our series, the predictive factors for haemorrhagic recurrence in patients on NSAIDs were haemoglobin <5 g/dl, presence of helicobacter pilory infection, long-term aspirin and Forrest stage I. KEYWORDS: predictive factor, haemorrhage, NSAID, recurrence.

The impact of monetary policy on Zimbabwe’s economic growth. []


Whereas numerous studies have investigated the impact of monetary policies on economic growth, the Zimbabwe’s situation has received far less economic literature attention. This study employed five independent variables namely which are, interest rate, inflation, money supply, exchange rate and investment, and one independent variable that is Gross Domestic Product. To add to the collect- ed works, this research uses monthly time series data covering the period of 1980 to 2021 to study the impact of monetary policies on Zimbabwe’s economic growth. Using the ARDL (Autoregressive Dis- tributed Lag) model, Granger Causality test and a regression model, it was discovered that the mone- tary policy has a short run relationship on Zimbabwe’s economic growth. Specifically, investment and money supply have a positive impact on economic growth. Inflation, interest rates, and exchange rate have an inverse relationship with economic growth. Hence, an increase in those variables with an inverse relationship negatively affects economic growth. That is, when they increase, economic growth decreases. The results from this work will help policy makers in decision making. KeyWords : Exchange rate, Gross Domestic Product, Inflation, Interest rate, Monetary policy.

Community Involvement and Project Sustainability of Donor Funded projects: A Case of Water projects in Gakenke District, Rwanda []


The general objective of this study was to determine the effect of community involvement on the sustainability of donor funded projects in Rwanda. The study focused on community participation, community needs assessment, community empowerment and stakeholders’ engagement on the sustainability of donor funded projects in Rwanda. The study adopted descriptive and inferential research designs. The target population was 144 identified from Gakenke District and involved in the project. Using Slovin’s formula, a sample of 106 was selected using stratified random sampling technique. The research was carried out by using both primary data and secondary data, from the relevant documents obtained from Gakenke District. The primary data were collected using questionnaire and interview. The research analysis and interpretations were based on respondents’ opinions. The respondents were provided with questionnaires and interview. All the 106 questionnaires were filled and returned representing 100% response rate. Pearson correlation analysis showed that community participation (r=0.556, p<0.05), community needs assessment (r=0.591, p<0.05), community empowerment (r=0.617, p<0.05) and stakeholders’ engagement (r=0.420, p<0.05) were all positively and significantly related to the sustainability water projects in Gakenke District. Regression analysis revealed that the p-values for all the four indicators, namely, community participation, community needs assessment, community empowerment and stakeholders’ engagement, were less than 5%. Therefore, all the null hypotheses were not supported. The researcher concluded that for donor funded projects to be sustainable and have a long-lasting effect on the community, it is imperative to involve the community within the project framework. The researcher recommends that sustainability of donor funded projects can only be achieved within an active project framework that acknowledges the importance of the inputs of each and every stakeholder in that project. Community-based project must actively engage the community, starting with a rigorous need assessment to ensure that the project is acceptable and that it addresses the pressing needs of the community. Further, the researcher recommends that community involvement in projects should be done in holistic manner. Keywords: Community participation, needs assessment, Community empowerment, Stakeholders’ engagement, Sustainability, Rwanda

The Impact of Cashless Economy on Small Business operators in Borno State, Nigeria []


The introduction of the cashless policy in Nigeria in 2012 aimed at promoting electronic payment system and reduce the volume of cash transactions has significantly affected small business operations in Borno state, Nigeria in January 2023 when it was fully implemented with pegging of the cash transaction to N20, 000 withdrawal limit per day and currency redesign aimed at mopping large sums of cash back out of the economy. The study examines the impact of the cashless economy on small business operators in Borno state Nigeria. In order to gather information from across Borno state in Nigeria, the researcher uses mixed method approach that includes; surveys, interviews, observations, and focus group discussions. Research questions were designed to evaluate the perceived impact of the transition to a cashless economy on the performance of small business operators, the major challenges faced by small business operators in adapting to the cashless economy, the extent to which government policies and initiatives have supported the growth of small business operators, and the opportunities of the cashless economy for small business operators. Data was collected through a survey questionnaires distributed to a sample of small business operators across Borno state, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and hypotheses testing. The results show that the transition to cashless economy has a perceived impact on the performance of small business operators. However, Significant challenges were identified which include; high transaction costs, restricted access to digital infrastructure, network outages, lack of client bank accounts, and low customer awareness, Low levels of financial education and support for the acquisition and maintenance of electronic payment devices . In order to usher in fully, the cashless policy, it is recommended that government should strategize and intensify efforts to address the challenges faced by small business operators in adapting to a cashless economy.

IN-PERSON CLASSES AND TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE []


This paper was undertaken to examined In-person classes and teachers’ performance in the municipality of Columbio, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines using the total enumeration sampling with one hundred forty-eight (148) respondents from Telafas National High School, Datalblao National High School, Columbio National High School, New Natividad Integrated School, Mayo Integrated School and Maligaya Integrated School. The study made use of weighted mean and Pearson r correlation in the analysis of data. The major findings, the extent of in-person classes in terms of: school managing operations, ensuring teaching and learning, well-being and protection and school community coordination were all interpreted as “moderate extent”. The teachers’ performance in terms of productive teaching techniques, student achievement and organized, structured class management was interpreted as very satisfactory. On the other hand, In-person classes were interpreted as moderate extent. However, in terms on Teachers’ Performance it was interpreted as moderate level. The correlational analysis between the In-person classes and Teachers’ Performance revealed significant relationship. This means that it had to reject the null hypothesis. The study concluded that in the in-person classes in terms of School Managing Operations, Ensuring Teaching and Learning, Well-being and protection, and School-Community Coordination, was as revealed “Observed/implemented to the moderate extent”. In terms of teachers’ performance in terms of productive teaching techniques, Student achievement, Organized, structured class management, and employee responsibilities it was revealed that they were “Demonstrated to the moderate level” Finally, a “strong positive relationship” existed between In-person classes and teachers’ performance Keyword: In-person Classes, Teachers’ Performance

CONTEMPLATIVE TEACHING PRACTICE AND LEARNING POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS []


This study aimed to determine the relationship between contemplative teaching practice and the learning potential of students. This study utilized the non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive techniques involving teachers in Malita North District of Davao Occidental Division, Philippines. The study was conducted in the second semester of School Year 2022-2023. Research instruments on contemplative teaching practice and the learning potential of students were used as sources of data. Using mean and Pearson-r, as statistical tools to treat the data, the study showed the following results: the level of contemplative teaching practice is very high, the level of learning potential of students is very high, there is a significance on the relationship between contemplative teaching practice and learning potential of students. Keywords: Cognitive Affect-Regulation, Classroom Proclivity of Teachers, School Administration and Supervision, Quantitative Research, Philippines

ANCILLARY FUNCTIONS AND TEACHING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL OF TEACHERS []


This study aimed to determine the relationship between ancillary functions of teachers and teaching performance appraisal of teachers. This study utilized the non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive technique involving teachers in Malita North District of Davao Occidental Division, Philippines. The study was conducted on the Second Semester of School Year 2022-2023. Research instruments on ancillary functions of teachers and teaching performance appraisal of teachers were used as source of data. Using mean and pearson-r as statistical tools to treat the data, the study showed the following results: the level of ancillary functions of heads is very high, the level of teaching performance appraisal of teachers is very high, there is a significance on the relationship between ancillary functions of teachers and teaching performance appraisal of teachers. Keywords: Ancillary Functions of Teachers and Teaching Performance Appraisal of Teachers, School Administration and Supervision, Quantitative Research, Philippines

CONSCIOUS LEADERSHIP ATTRIBUTES OF SCHOOL HEADS AND GROWTH-FOSTERING BEHAVIOR OF TEACHERS []


This study aimed to determine the relationship between the conscious leadership attributes of school heads and growth fostering behavior of teachers. This study utilized the non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive technique involving teachers in Don Marcelino District of Davao Occidental Division, Philippines. The study was conducted on the second semester of School Year 2022-2023. Research instruments on conscious leadership attributes of school heads and growth fostering behavior of teachers were used as sources of data. Using mean and Pearson-r as statistical tools to treat the data, the study showed the following results: the level of conscious leadership attributes of school heads is high, the level of growth fostering behavior of teachers is very high, there is a significance on the relationship between conscious leadership attributes of school heads and growth fostering behavior of teachers. Keywords: Conscious Leadership Attributes of School Heads, Growth Fostering Behavior of Teachers, School Administration and Supervision, Quantitative Research, Philippines

TEACHERS’ E-SKILLS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF SANTA MARIA EAST DISTRICT []


The study’s context looked into how the e-skills of the Grade 3 teachers in Sta. Maria East District, Division of Davao Occidental, Region XI, affected their practice of teaching and learning and how it impacts the performance of the Grade 3 learners. The quantitative, descriptive-correlational design was used in this inquiry for the 17 participating schools comprising 209 research respondents. The study proceeded with the use of the survey questionnaire as the main tool for data gathering and data mining for the learners’ proficiency level from the District Office of Sta. Maria East District. Results revealed that the status of teachers’ access to digital technologies as to motivation access, physical access, skill access, and usage access is generally described as Very Evident based on the Likert scale with a mean range of 3.84-3.98. While the overall proficiency level of the Grade 3 learners is, generally, within 85-89 on the grading scale which is described as Very Satisfactory. With this verbal description, it means that the academic performance of the students is undeniably reasonable. With this, it is resolved that the e-skills of the Grade 3 teachers of Sta. Maria East District has a substantial weight that impacted teaching and learning resulting in learners’ high performance. Keywords: E-skills, digital technologies, teachers’ access, learners’ performance, proficiency level

INTROSPECTIVE TEACHING PRACTICE OF TEACHERS AND SOCIAL CONNECTIONS OF STUDENTS []


This study aimed to determine the relationship between introspective teaching practice and the social connections of students. This study utilized the non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive techniques involving teachers in Malita North District of Davao Occidental Division, Philippines. The study was conducted on the second semester of School Year 2022-2023. Research instruments on introspective teaching practice and social connections of students were used as source of data. Using mean and pearson-r as statistical tools to treat the data, the study showed the following results: the level of introspective teaching practice is very high, the level of social connections of students is very high, there is a significance on the relationship between introspective teaching practice and social connections of students. Keywords: Introspective Teaching Practice, Social Connections of Students. School Administration and Supervision, Quantitative Research, Philippines

ASSESSING THE DAMAGE AND LOSSES CAUSED BY THE FLOOD DISASTERS IN SOME SELECTED COMMUNITIES IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA []


The study assessed the flood disaster recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction activities among selected communities in South-south, Nigeria. Questionnaire was used for data collection, while Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS V. 21) was engaged for proper analysis using the descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance) statistics tools for data analysis. The finding of the study revealed that social subsectors: housing (35.8%) and education (30.9%); production subsector: agricultural (61.3%); infrastructure subsector: electricity (53.3%) suffers the most damage and losses due to flood disaster. Among the communities, the short-term recovery activities include repair of existing structure (33.3%) and replacement of dry wall and repainting (32.5%), while long-term activity include construction of drainage system (23.9%), and these activities are effective (52.2%) and less effective (65.7%), respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the factors limiting the practice and effectiveness of flood disaster recovery activities (p = 0.174) among the communities. In conclusion, many communities in the region practices recovery activities through community/individual-led and government-led actions; however, there is for deployment of capable hands for effectiveness. KEYWORDS: Flood Disaster, Flood Assessment, Damage.

THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT, AND MOTIVATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COMMUNITY AND VILLAGE EMPOWERMENT OFFICIALS IN THE KONAWE ISLANDS DISTRICT []


This study aims to examine and analyze 1) Leadership on employee performance; 2) Organizational commitment to employee performance; and 3) Work motivation on employee performance. The research location is the Community and Village Empowerment Office of the Konawe Islands Regency. The population was taken from all employees of the Konawe Islands Regency Community and Village Empowerment Office, totaling 30 people, and found a sample of 30 people. And the data collection techniques are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis technique is Partial Least Square (PLS) Analysis. The results showed that 1) The results of leadership testing on employee performance obtained an estimated path coefficient value of 0.237 in the positive direction. The path coefficient is marked positive, meaning that the influence between leadership and employee performance is unidirectional. The significant results are proven by the ρ-value of 0.013 < α = 0.05 which is interpreted as a significant influence. 2) The results of testing organizational commitment to employee performance obtained an estimated path coefficient value of 0.163 in a positive direction. The path coefficient is positive, meaning that the influence between organizational commitment and employee performance is unidirectional. The significant results are proven by the ρ-value of 0.015 <α = 0.05 which is interpreted as a significant influence. 3) The results of testing work motivation on employee performance obtained an estimated path coefficient value of 0.595 in a positive direction. The path coefficient is positive, meaning that the influence between organizational commitment and employee performance is unidirectional. The significant results are proven by the ρ-value of 0.005 < α = 0.05 which is interpreted as a significant influence.

THE EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY, LIQUIDITY, AND ASSET STRUCTURE ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN ANALYZING THE BANKRUPTCY OF FIF GROUP COMPANIES IN SOUTHEAST SULAWESI []


The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of profitability, liquidity, and asset structure on capital structure in analyzing the implementation of the bankruptcy of FIF Group companies in Southeast Sulawesi. This research approach is a survey with an explanatory research design. The data collection is carried out using instruments in the form of 2019-2020 financial statements. The population of this study is all FIF Group unit offices in the Southeast Sulawesi region. Determination of the number of samples is carried out using a census so that the research sample is obtained from as many as 30 observations in analyzing the company's financial statements. The analytical tool used is Multivariate Regression Analysis with the SPSS program package. The results showed that (1) Profitability, Liquidity, and Asset Structure had a significant effect on Capital Structure in analyzing the implementation of bankruptcy of FIF Group companies in Southeast Sulawesi, (2) Profitability had a significant and negative effect on capital structure in analyzing the implementation of bankruptcy of FIF Group companies, (3 ) Liquidity has a negative and significant effect on capital structure in analyzing the implementation of the bankruptcy of FIF Group companies. (4) Asset structure has a positive and significant effect on capital structure in analyzing the implementation of the bankruptcy of FIF Group companies. The contribution of the influence of Profitability, Liquidity, and Asset Structure is shown by the value (R2) of 69.5% and the remaining 30.5% is influenced by other variables outside the research model.

Hedge Fund Domination: Uncovering Global Control []


This report delves into the influence and implications of two prominent hedge funds, BlackRock and Vanguard, on the global financial system. As the world's largest asset managers, these firms wield substantial power and make significant decisions that shape economies and markets. However, their size and concentration pose several challenges, including increased market risk, the potential for a "too-big-to-fail" scenario, and substantial holdings in major corporations. This report explores solutions such as enhancing transparency, strengthening regulatory oversight, and limiting leverage to address these issues. Additionally, it highlights the importance of promoting investor education and empowering independent asset managers to foster competition. By implementing these solutions, we can mitigate the negative impacts and ensure a more balanced and resilient financial landscape.

THE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OF SULTAN SA BARONGIS MAGUINDANAO []


Generally, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan of Sultan sa Barongis, Maguindanao. To assess the Effectiveness of the Implementation of the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management of Sultan sa Barongis, Maguindanao in responding to calamities particularly during flooding. Specifically, it was aimed at answering the following question: 1. How effective is the Implementation of DRRM of Sultan sa Barongis in terms of the following: Awareness, Response and Rehabilitation and Recovery. 2. What are the contribution of other agencies to the DRRM of the Sultan sa Barongis, Maguindanao in addressing the Disaster? 3. What are the problems encountered by the Municipality in addressing the needs and problems of the people affected by calamity? 4. What policy implications on disaster management can be drawn from the findings of this study? There are two sets of respondent from which data will be collected; the first set will be from the official/LGU of Sultan sa Barongis namely; the Municipal Administrator, Municipal Planning and Development Officer, Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council Officer, Social Welfare Officer. The other group of respondents under the first set was one from each supporting agencies such as OCD, DA, DOH, PNP, DepEd, DSWD. They were selected as key informants. The second sets were the family heads, or family representative from the Six (6) low lying Barangays of Sultan sa Barongis. Keywords: Disaster Risk Reduction and Management, Management Plan, Sultan sa Barongis, Maguindanao

ONLINE RESEARCH PUBLICATION AND JOURNAL SYSTEM []


Research is an integral part of education institutions, as it allows teachers to deepen their understanding and knowledge of their subject matter, which in turn enables them to impart that knowledge to their students more effectively. In academia, faculty members are often required to engage in research activities to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields. Moreover, students are encouraged to participate in research as it helps them develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills. One of the ways this developed system can benefit education institutions is by providing online references that can be accessed anywhere and anytime. This enables both faculty members and students to stay updated with the latest information and research findings in their areas of interest. The system can serve as a repository of knowledge, allowing users to explore a wide range of topics conveniently. The evaluation of the developed system using the ISO25010 evaluation framework further reinforces its effectiveness and relevance. By utilizing this comprehensive assessment framework, the system's performance can be evaluated across various dimensions, such as functionality, usability, reliability, and security. The high rating of 4.8 weighted mean suggests that the system is highly applicable and beneficial to the stakeholders, including teachers, faculty members, and students. This positive evaluation implies that the system possesses the necessary qualities and features to effectively support research activities within education institutions. By providing easy access to information, facilitating collaboration, and ensuring the reliability and security of data, the system enhances the research capabilities of teachers and students. It enables them to conduct thorough investigations, stay updated with the latest knowledge, and contribute to the academic community's growth. The research plays a vital role in education institutions, and the developed system's provision of online references enhances the knowledge acquisition process for both teachers and students. The positive evaluation using the ISO25010 framework confirms the system's effectiveness and relevance in supporting research activities. By embracing such a system, education institutions can foster a culture of research, enabling their stakeholders to thrive in their academic pursuits and contribute meaningfully to their respective fields of study. Key Words: Capstone Projects, Online Research, Online Systems, Publication and Journal, Research System

Statistical Analysis on Diagnosed Cases of Malaria and Typhoid Fever in Enugu-Nigeria []


This paper is a study on the diagnosed cases of Malaria and Typhoid using binary logistic regression, odds ratio, chi-square and traditional time series analysis. Malaria and typhoid are some of the most common fever-causing illnesses in developing countries. Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasites, transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Typhoid fever, on the other hand, is caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi transmitted through contaminated food and water. These illnesses typically present with flu-like symptoms such as fever, body aches, headaches, and fatigue. Malaria and typhoid disproportionately affect vulnerable populations such as children, pregnant women, and those living in impoverished areas with limited access to healthcare. Misdiagnosis and mismanagement can lead to severe complications such as cerebral malaria, kidney failure, and intestinal perforation in the case of typhoid. A sample of two hundred and forty-nine patients in Enugu was taken and data obtained were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The data obtained are presented in tables and bar charts. The odds ratio, relative risk, chi-square statistic for test of independence of Malaria and Typhoid, trend are calculated.

Study on dominant and recessive traits in the Tharu community, Sauraha, Chitwan,Nepal []


It is well known that each trait of an organism is control by specific gene. They are two traits i.e. recessive and dominant. The present study deals with the dominant and recessive traits of Tharu community of Sauraha. Here the recessive traits are dominated over the dominate traits. There are 54.74% of people have recessive traits and only 45.26% inhabitants have dominant traits.50.98% have free earlobe and 49.02% of people have attached earlobes. In case of size of eyelash, 10% people have long eyelash but 90% people have short eyelash.42% people have black skin as dominant character and 58% people have intermediate skin color.94% people have black hair color and only 6% people have brown hair 80% people have straight hairs and only 20% of have curly hairs.

IELTS LISTENING TEST: EVALUATING GRADE 11 HIGH SCHOOL STU-DENTS’ LISTENING SKILLS []


Non-native speakers of English who wish to take advantage of the rising opportunities in the global economy must be fluent in the language. IELTS is an advanced English language test that many English-speaking countries require. However, students must have excellent English listening skills to get an acceptable band score. Therefore, this research was made to help high school students prepare for the IELTS. It evaluated the listening skills of Grade 11 students at the Philippine Engineering and Agro-Industrial College, Inc. The program ran a mock IELTS exam to gauge the participant’s level of English listening comprehension. The trial lasted two months to finish. The results showed that most students got band scores of 5 and 6, a satisfactory band score. In contrast, a small number of the participants achieved a band score of 7, indicative of very good; a very few got 8, which indicates a perfect band score, while some did not pass the test and got a band score of 4 and 3. The students' band scores reflected how difficult it was for them to pass the IELTS. Second-language learners, especially after listening to native English speakers, found the test novel and challenging to understand. It was interesting to see that only a subset of the students had strong listening skills in English. This study recommends that English as a Second Language teachers should regularly assess their students' listening skills by administering standardized examinations like the IELTS.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF LIVINGSTONE TOWN IN SOUTHERN PROVINCE OF ZAMBIA []


The paper looks at the impact of Covid 19 epidemic and how it affected the social-economic development of Livingstone town which is the tourist capital of Zambia in the Southern Province of Zambia. This pandemic COVID-19 has given rise to in global trials, economic and healthcare crises, and modelled spillover impacts on the global industries, including tourism and travel that is the major contributor to the growth of the tourism industry worldwide and Livingstone town. The tourism and relaxation industry has stumble upon the COVID-19 tourism the hospitality industry were the hardest-hit and lies among the most impaired global industries. The freedom and internal tourism point out a steep decline amounting to trillion US dollars, which computed more than 50% revenue losses. The paper explores the impact, results and settings of the COVID-19 pandemic and how it has changed the livelihood of people in the tourism and hospitality industry. The findings of the study provide insights in regaining the tourism industry's operational activities and offer helpful suggestions to government officials, scholars, and tourism firms to reinvest in the tourism industry to set it back to a normal position.

THE INFLUENCE OF WORK ETHOS, WORK ENVIRONMENT, AND JOB SATISFACTION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN REGIONAL COMPANY BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT BAHTERAMAS KONAWE []


The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze (1) the effect of work ethic, work environment, and job satisfaction on employee performance. (2) The effect of work ethic on employee performance. (3) The influence of the work environment on employee performance. (4) The effect of job satisfaction on employee performance. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population of this research is all employees of PD. BPR Bahteramas Konawe has as many as 30 people, and the sample of this study was determined by the census (saturated sampling). Data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS program. The results of the study explain that (1) Work ethic, work environment, and job satisfaction simultaneously influence employee performance. (2) Work ethic has a positive and insignificant effect on employee performance. (3) The work environment has a positive and insignificant effect on employee performance. (4) Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODIFIED CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF UPI, MAGUINDANAO []


This study aimed to evaluate the level of effectiveness of the implementation of Modified Conditional Cash Transfer for Indigenous People in the Municipality of Upi, Maguindanao. The study used the descriptive-evaluative reserch method utilizing a questionnaire as the main instrument in data gathering.The setting of the study was the Municipaility of Upi, Maguindanao involving five (5) barangays. For the purpose of this study, ninety-two (92) respondents from the five barangays selected to answer the questionnaire.The statistical tools used in the treatment of data were frequency counts, mean, percentage and ranking. Based on the data gathered and analyzed, the following findings: 1.the respondents were typically within the 16-20 age bracket, majority were female and most of them obtained elementary level of education. 2.The level of effectiveness of Modified Conditional Cash Transfer for Indigenous People (MCCT-IP) Program in terms of education, health and family development session were very effective. 3.Provide area for alternative delivery mode, traditional learning system and family development session was the dominant supports extended by the Local Government Units. 4.Absence/lack of hired assigned workers for Alternative Learning System (ALS)/ Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) and Traditional Learning System (TLS) was the dominant problem encountered of the respondents sometimes the teachers are remiss in their duties and responsibilities. Based on the summary of findings, the study concluded that MCCT-IP can be valuable tools to address some of the obstacles faced by the poorer indigenous people to access education and heakth care services. On the basis of the conclusion, the following recommendations were formulated. The Department of Social Welfare and Development DSWD must strengthen and continuous the Modified Conditional Cash Transfer for Indigenous People MCCT-IP Program that will bridge the competency gaps of the Indigenous peoples to improve the quality of their lives and the Local Governments Units must be sustained and continued to support, the community workers, health workers must be continued to do their responsibilities. Keywords: Modified Conditional Cash Transfer, Indigenous People, Maguindanao