Volume 11, Issue 6, June 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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DELAYS IN RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROJECTS AND COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT IN NYAGATARE DISTRICT, RWANDA []


Project delays are a big problem in project implementation, the rural electrification project in Nyagatare is one of the many projects affected by delays. As a consequence, the community suffered with no access to electricity for a long time. This research aimed to address this issue by carrying out research on project delays on community empowerment in Rwanda, taking a case of rural electrification project in Nyagatare District. It was guided by three specific objectives, namely, to investigate the effect of delays in project designing on the community empowerment in rural electrification project in Nyagatare District; to assess the effect of delays in project implementation on the community empowerment in rural electrification project in Nyagatare District and to investigate the effect of delays in project reporting on the community empowerment in rural electrification project in Nyagatare District. This study was anchored on three theories, namely, the results-based management theory, the iron triangle theory and stakeholders’ theory. The study used both descriptive and correlational research designs. The target population was made up of 206 respondents from which a sample of 136 participants was selected using stratified random sampling technique. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires and face-to-face interview. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The key findings using Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that project designing, (r=-0.699, p<0.05), project implementation (r=-0.649, p<0.05) and project reporting (r=-0.751, p<0.05) all have negative and significant correlations on community empowerment. The analysis of regression coefficient showed that delays in project designing (β1=-0.392, t=-7.445, p<0.05), project implementation (β2=-0.194, t=-6.486, p<0.05) and project reporting (β3=-0.233, t=-6.976, p<0.05) have negative and statistically significant repercussions on the community empowerment. Since the p-values were less than 5%, all the three null hypotheses were rejected. The R2=0.774 implied that 77.4% of the variations in community empowerment is determined by the schedule performance of the projects. In conclusion, this study has evidenced the negative effects of project delays on community empowerment. The researcher recommends that project managers should be keen to cover areas that can lead to project delays. Project managers should actively engage the community especially during the need assessment and the project implementation stages to avoid project delays.

PROSPECTS OF LOCAL FOOD AGRIBUSINESS DEVEL-OPMENT KUMBILI (BLACK POTATO) Solanum rotundifo-lius AS ALTERNATIVE FOOD IN PANDEGLANG REGENCY []


ABSTRACT Kumbili is an alternative carbohydrate source that has a high potential to be developed as well as a medicinal plant. The purpose of this study was to ex-amine the mechanism of each agribusiness subsystem and the prospects for de-veloping kumbili farming as an alternative food in terms of farming analysis. This type of research is survey research, collecting data through interviews using questionnaires. Processing techniques and data analysis using the calculation of production costs, revenues and revenues, break-even point and R/C ratio. The results of the analysis show that the agribusiness subsystem consists of 5 subsys-tems, including the procurement of production facilities subsystem consisting of seeds, agricultural equipment, fertilizers and pesticides. The BEP production vol-ume that must be obtained to reach the breakeven point is 1.472 kg. kumbili farming is profitable and feasible to develop because it has an R/C ratio value greater than one, namely 3.16. Total costs incurred Rp. 8,881,209, the total reve-nue received is Rp. 28,123,333 total income Rp. 19,242,124. BEP revenue is ob-tained by farmers so as not to experience a loss of Rp. 809,018.53 BEP selling price Rp. 1.884 per kilogram,. The BEP production volume that must be obtained to reach the breakeven point is 1.472 kg. Keywords: Local Food, Kumbili, Prospects, Agribusiness Subsystem.

In Human Resources Exploring the Multidimensional Factors Which Influencing Employee Retention: A Comprehensive Study. []


The primary purpose of this research Study is to learn what factors affect Employee Retention Human Resources to stay with their current employers. The goals of this research are to (1) identify the most significant individual and organizational factors influencing employee retention, (2) explore the relationships between these elements, and (3) examine how these factors interact to have an overall effect on retention rates. The study's anticipated results include the dissemination of useful knowledge and the development of real-world implications for companies aiming to enhance their retention efforts by employing new methods. This study used a quantitative approach to its research questions. Researching the literature thoroughly is crucial for identifying the critical factors that influence employee retention. Self-administered questionnaires are used to collect data from a sample size of 623 employees across many companies by different question about employee retention, Organizational Culture, leadership styles, job satisfaction, employee engagement, training and development and compensation. Employees are polled with these surveys to get their feedback. Sample size was calculated to be 623, and statistical software including SPSS and SMART-PLS was used to analyze the data. Significant new insights into the many factors that impact the extent to which personnel are kept in their positions are provided by the study's findings. Based on the data we have, we know that leadership styles, compensation, employee engagement, and job satisfaction all play a role in determining whether or not employees stay with a company. Further, the study elucidates the interplay between these factors and their effect on retention by revealing linkages and interactions among them. The study's importance lies in the fact that it teases out which aspects of each category have the most bearing on retention. With this data, businesses are better equipped to create targeted retention tactics.

Family Caregivers’ Burnout: A phenomenological Approach []


Home care providers are prone to a high degree of emotional and physical exhaustion and financial hardship. As a result, burnout is a common and growing phenomenon especially with care providers in the community who experiences caring of elderly people. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of home caregivers of an old age Bahraini person. A qualitative design was used. Inclusion criteria were family caregivers who spent minimum of 4 hours/daily for at least two months. Data collected by interviewing participants and audio recording them. Data analysis was done by following steps of qualitative research. Four themes emerged including: Preparation for the caregiving role, caregiver’s support, care coordination and caregiving cost. Implications include providing lessons to prepare care providers to their roles, adopting strategy of “community nursing part timers” by facilitating expertise to the community, providing medical equipment and material to caregivers in the community and families selecting a care coordinator. This study is assumed to help in perceiving the impact of caregiving role and therefore contribute to their unmet needs of care providers.

Evaluating the Relationship between knowledge management and organizational performance in PDO []


Studies investigating knowledge management and organizational performance are few. The purpose of this study is to review the literature and review articles related to evaluating the relationship between knowledge management and organizational performance in PDO. The relationship between knowledge management and organizational performance is complex and diverse, and there are several elements, such as organizational culture, leadership, innovation, and human resources, that can influence it. The study was conducted on a sample of 50 individuals from the study population consisting of 50 employees in the management department of PDO. The researcher used the questionnaire as a data collection tool and used the statistical analysis of the data using Excel. The study concluded through data analysis that knowledge management has a significant impact on organizational performance in PDO. The capabilities of the knowledge management process have been conceived of as four-dimensional constructs: discovery of unified knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, creation of new knowledge, exchange of knowledge, storage, and organization of knowledge, and use and application of knowledge. This paper predicts that the six knowledge management process capabilities are important antecedents for organizational performance, which in turn have a positive relationship with each of the PDO's organizational performance. The study recommended several recommendations, including Organizations today must reconsider their traditional functions in the framework of knowledge, as there should be a new role for a new job referred to as the function of knowledge management, monitoring everything new in the field of information technology and the use of modern management information systems. Also, the need to provide a supportive technical infrastructure for knowledge management operations. Keywords: KM, Knowledge Management Process, Organizational Performance, PDO, Oman, Impacts of knowledge management.

Apport de l’échographie doppler dans la recherche des anomalies vasculaires chez les insuffisants rénaux chroniques. A propos de 40 cas dans le Service de néphrologie et d’hémodialyse du Point-G []


Summary: Introduction/objectives: The etiopathogenic factors of chronic insufficiency are very numerous in tropical environment and the renal complications of these anomalies generally have a long clinical latency. Can the diagnosis of atheromatous stenosis of the renal artery be based on a less invasive examination than arteriography? Pulsed Doppler ultrasound is now easily available with high-performance equipment. In Mali, the frequency of atheromatous pathology is underestimated, however a study carried out in 2003 revealed a prevalence of 27.69%, the general objective was to evaluate the contribution of Doppler ultrasound in the search for vascular anomalies. in chronic renal failure. Method: Our study took place at the National Hospital of Point G in the nephrology department in collaboration with the medical imaging department. It is a retrospective and descriptive study going from February 2003 to November 2005, i.e. 34 months. The materials used were: the hospitalization register, patient records and an individual survey sheet. The various Doppler examinations were carried out in the imaging department of the G-spot hospital with an Aloka SSD 1700 ultrasound scanner equipped with three sector probes; 7.5; 5; and 3.5; 3.6. MHz. Statistical tests used Data entry and analysis were performed using Epiinfo version 6 software. The kh2 law and probability < 0.05 were used for the statistical tests. Results: During the study period, a total of 40 CKD patients underwent Doppler ultrasound including 14 cases of abnormalities, i.e. 35%. The age group of 41 to 60 years was the most represented, the average age was 51 years with extremes of 15 years and 80 years. Hypercreatininemia was present in all patients 100%, 82.5% of patients had hypertension. Classic risk factors were dominated by hypertension in 77.5%. Renal failure was at the end stage in 40% of cases with a clearance < 15mil/min. The Doppler was pathological in 14 patients or 35%. Atheroma represented 64.29% of vascular anomalies and infiltration 35.71%. Conclusion: The Doppler ultrasound, given its high sensitivity, safety and availability, is the examination of choice in the screening and management of vascular anomalies, particularly in patients with renal failure

Development Of An Automated Steerable Radio Telescope []


The paper presents an innovative approach towards the design and construction of a steerable radio telescope with an automated control system. The telescope uses a combination of motors and sensors to steer towards celestial objects of interest, with the ability to track moving targets such as satellites. The authors detail the technical specifications of the telescope, including its radio frequency range, sensitivity, and accuracy, and discuss the challenges encountered during its development. This research paper is highly relevant to the field of astrophysics as radio telescopes play a critical role in studying the properties of the universe. The development of an automated steerable radio telescope presents new opportunities for data collection and analysis, allowing astronomers to observe the universe more efficiently and effectively. The paper demonstrates the application of physics principles, such as mechanics and electromagnetism, in the design and operation of the telescope. The findings of this study can contribute to further research in astrophysics, including studies of the cosmic microwave background, radio galaxies, and other extragalactic sources. Overall, the development of an automated steerable radio telescope represents a significant advancement in the field of astrophysics and presents new avenues for research and discovery in the coming years.

READINESS OF THE BANGSAMORO PEOPLE ON THE PROPOSED FEDERALISM []


READINESS OF THE BANGSAMORO PEOPLE ON THE PROPOSED FEDERALISM by BAI SITTIE RACHMA ONG BANSUAN Researcher ABDUL S. PAGAYAO, DMD, Ph.D Adviser The primary objective pursued in this study was to understand and describe the readiness of the Bangsamoro people on the proposed federalism. Today, the Bangsamoro is consistently asserting for their right to self determination and the right to self rule, foremost hoping for the immediate passage of the Bangsamoro Basic Law as the foreseeable solution to the Bangsamoro problem. Unfortunately this Bangsamoro Basic Law became a fiasco hence some provisions therein may contradict the Philippine laws and the constitution. Philippine is under a unitary form of government therefore, the power and authority are highly concentrated in the central or national government. It has been noted that there were many agreements signed between the Moro revolutionary groups and the Philippine government in the past, but all of them did not work and realize because of constitutionality issues i.e.,. 1976 Tripoli Agreement, MOA-AD, and very recently the BBL. These agreements were all subject of constitutional and democratic processes later remained a piece of paper and set aside in the limbo. The Organic Law (RA 3467) was enacted purposely to pacify the Moro despite of great resistance on the essence and merit of the law, failed to undergo scrutiny from the Moro populace. Lest the law was deliberately and unilaterally implemented by the government, therefore it brought to futile undertaking and did not achieve the purpose of granting autonomy for the Moro people. The ARMM was a failed experiment so to speak. Therefore this study discerned on the related issue of the proposed Federalism and the Bangsamoro assertion to freely determine their political status. But the questions are the Bangsamoro ready on the proposed federalism? Further this study will now test some related theories of public administration and other associated study on public policy, administrative culture, and political change. For students, researchers, politicians and academicians, particularly those in public administration, political science and other related fields, this study may provide a descriptive data which can be used for purposes of study, teaching and further research. This study focused on the readiness of the Bangsamoro people on the proposed federalism. The statement of the problem provided the scope of research questions and variables considered to this study. The choice of the methodology also was limited due to some practical constraints such as time and resources. Moreover, the study was limited to randomly selected respondents. The designs used in this study were descriptive and exploratory as, it aimed to know and described the readiness of the Bangsamoro people on the proposed federalism. Survey and interview research design was being used as a method of gathering data. This study was done within and outside the Cotabato City premises were the respondents can be found. This study has at least 200 stratified randomly selected respondents in a randomly selected area. The respondents were within the area of Bangsamoro Homeland. This study used percentage technique where a specific number of respondents were set for the study. Once the number of desired quota was reach, the gatherings now stop. A survey questionnaire contains questions regarding on the readiness of the Bangsamoro people to the proposed federalism. These questionnaire covered questions addressing and referring on the readiness of the Bangsamoro people on the proposed federalism. A Likert Scale was use to indicate the extent of implementation were mean ranges and descriptions are as follows: 1.00 – 1.45 = 1 – Least Manifested/ Aware/Ready 1.46 – 2.45 = 2 – Less Manifested/ Aware/Ready 2.46 – 3.45 = 3 – Moderately Manifested/ Aware/Ready 3.46 – 4.00 = 4 – Highly Manifested/ Aware/Ready The proposed instrument was subjected to content validity by the panel of experts and a reliability test was done by pretesting it on 40 samples which were excluded from the study. The reliability test yielded a result of .725 suggested that the items have relatively high internal consistency, meaning that the items were reliable and were accepted. After which the researcher sought approval from the panel committee of the Graduate College of Cotabato City State Polytechnic College before its adaptation for actual administration. Before gathering the data, it was deemed necessary that the researcher must prepare a letter of permission to the Dean of Graduate College, Chairman of Graduate College and to the possible respondents to conduct the survey. The researcher tallied responsibilities from the questionnaire. The statistical methods used in the study were frequency, distribution, mean and percentage. Interpretation and findings was based on the tabulated data. Majority of my respondents were government employees, most of them were Islam believers and resides at Cotabato City. The respondents have moderately manifested knowledge about Federalism and moderately aware of its significant effects. The respondents also were moderately ready for the possible adaptation of the federal form of government. The total mean of the computed results of 3.13 was interpreted as moderately manifesting extent of understanding of the Bangsamoro people towards federalism. Meaning the respondents were moderately manifesting understanding and knowledge about the proposed federalism. The respondents also expressed that they gain their knowledge about federalism was from the tri – media; television, radio, and print media. The total mean of the computed results of 3.15 was interpreted as the respondents were moderately aware of the possible effects on the implementation of the proposed federalism. The total mean of the computed results of 2.80 was interpreted as moderately ready on the level of readiness of the Bangsamoro people on the proposed federal form of government. There were respondents who were somehow ready for the possible implementation of the proposed federalism, for some reason was they see federalism as a solution to Mindanao conflict and can also be a solution to lessen the poverty experiencing here in Mindanao. This study also implies that some Bangsamoro people were ready for the possible implementation of the proposed federalism; some of them see federalism as a solution to problem here in Mindanao. But some of the Bangsamoro were not yet ready to the said implementation they see federalism as a new government with the same problems; especially when the leaders were still corrupt and selfish. This study plays a significant role for future research as it will became as a basis for study because of the information gathered and consolidated in this study. Conclusion and recommendations were made for this study.

EFFECT PERSONAL SELLING AND DIGITAL MARKETING TO SELLING PRODUCT UMKM AGROIN-DUSTRY IN PANDEGLANG REGENCY []


ABSTRACT After the weakening of economic growth due to the Covid-19 pandemic, there is currently a growing issue of the threat of a recession in 2023 which worries a num-ber of countries including Indonesia. The decline in direct purchasing patterns by consumers has also had a significant impact on reducing UMKM turnover in the re-gions. The UMKM sector that has the potential to increase regional economic growth is the UMKM sector in the Agro-industry sector. There are still very few forms of the food processing industry in the Pandeglang Regency area and there are still many UMKM industries that only use conventional sales methods with personal sales that are not compiled with digital marketing techniques so that they can in-crease sales in the UMKM industry. To find out, test, analyze the influence of sales Personal, the influence of digital marketing, the influence of Personal selling and digital marketing have a simultaneous effect on sales of umkm agro-industrial prod-ucts in Pandeglang Regency. The data analysis techniques used in this study were validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and hypothesis testing. The results of the study show that personal selling and digital marketing have a partial effect on sales while simultaneously or simultaneously Personal sell-ing and digital marketing have a positive effect on sales. Key word : Personal selling, Digital Maeketing, Marketing, Agroindustry UMKM

MANAGEMENT BY WALKING ABOUT - THE PROS AND CONS []


Management is the co-ordination of activities, operations and employees in an organisation to achieve a targeted goal. The concept of Management involves many things, which can be summarized into four broad categories – planning, organising, leading and controlling. Typically, these four are the functions of management. In order to carry out these management functions (listed above) in an organisation, a manager can choose to use a management practice or technique. For purposes of this journal, the focus will be on the practise of management by wandering about (MBWA).

Flight Delays Prediction by using Machine Learning []


This work explores using machine learning algorithms to predict flight delays, aiming to improve air travel experiences. The research utilizes a dataset containing historical flight and weather data from a major US airline carrier. Multiple machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine, are employed to predict flight delays. The study concludes that machine learning algorithms can be effective tools for predicting flight delays and enabling airlines to make informed decisions to minimize the impact of delays on passengers. The findings of this study provide insights that can help airlines enhance customer experience and improve operational efficiency.

Predicting Graduate School Admission Using Machine Learning Algorithms []


The dataset titled "Predicting Graduate School Admission" presents a repository of valuable information gathered from a pool of applicants to graduate programs spanning various universities. The primary aim of this dataset is to develop a predictive model that can accurately forecast the probability of each student applicant's admission. The dataset incorporates several pertinent variables, including GRE scores, GPAs, and undergraduate institution rank, which can be employed to train and validate the predictive model. The predictive model's efficacy is influenced by the thorough selection and analysis of these variables, which play a pivotal role in the graduate admission decision-making process.

Effects of head teacher mentoring on the practices of guidance and counselling teachers towards ending child marriage: A case study of selected schools in Katete District of Eastern Province, Zambia. []


Guidance and counselling teachers have been facing a myriad of challenges. One of such challenges has been inadequate support from their supervisors – the head teachers as they offer guidance and counselling services in schools since most of them were not trained in guidance and counselling. This was impacting negatively on the learners. An intervention with support of UNICEF was carried out in 2022 to mitigate this challenge in Katete district of Eastern Province in Zambia. The intervention was called effects of head teacher mentoring on the practices of guidance and counselling teachers towards ending child marriage. The intervention targeted the head teachers by training them in guidance and counselling and mentorship so that in turn they would mentor and support their guidance and counselling teachers in their schools. Special focus was on basic counselling skills, menstrual hygiene management, school related gender based violence, school leadership and mentorship and on effects of child marriage and how to end it. A total of 32 head teachers were purposively sampled and subsequently trained in guidance and counselling and school based mentorship. After they were trained and mentored they were in turn asked to mentor and support their guidance and counselling teachers in their schools. The findings of the study were that head teacher mentoring had positive effects on the practices of guidance and counselling teachers. The baseline monitoring of the schools revealed a number of challenges that were faced such as inadequate support and mentorship from head teachers to guidance and counselling teachers, increased teen pregnancies among the learners, increased school related gender based violence, increased absenteeism especially by girls, unsupportive parents towards programmes in the schools, inadequate support from traditional leadership, non-reporting of child pregnancies and child marriage by parents among other challenges. After the intervention there was reduction in pregnancies and early marriage among learners, school related gender based violence, and in absenteeism. Parents were more supportive towards school programmes and education in general. More parents were willing to report cases of early marriage and pregnancies. Traditional leaders (chief and headmen) were proactive in coming up with by-laws against early child marriage, teenage pregnancies and traditional harmful practices.

Internet Use of Students and Their Academic Performance []


The internet is vital for the learning outcomes of students. It allows them to access vast information that will help them in their academic activities. Moreover, it gives them a channel where they can enjoy and learn at the same time. With its fun features such as online games and browsing of social media, it allows students to destress and relax during stressful times. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the influence of internet to the academic performance of the students. This study aimed to determine the relationship between internet use and academic performance, whether students use the internet for academic purposes or personal purposes. This study employed descriptive quantitative method and used survey method on data gathering in order to capture the essential data that will help the researchers determine the purpose of this study. The researchers distributed survey questionnaires and it was participated by 31 third-year students from Bachelor of Business Administration. The findings of the study indicated that internet use, whether for academic or personal purposes, has no significant relationship in students’ academic performance. Student’s exposure to the internet is effective in supporting the increase of their academic success. In the same manner, allowing students to use the internet for personal purposes do not affect their academic performance. Hence, using the internet for leisure gives them an avenue to enjoy while learning. The researchers recommended that it is necessary for School Administration to provide or improve school internet facilities. Also, Teachers and parents should monitor student’s internet use in school and at home, ensuring that they focus more on academic activities.

EFFECT ON SOIL IMPROVEMENT PATTERNS IN CORN-GROWING AREAS FOR ANIMAL FEED IN ET DISTRICT, HOUAPHAN PROVINCE, LAOS []


The study focuses on soil improvement patterns in corn-growing areas for animal feed in Et District, Houaphan Province. The research examines the soil improvement model and economic returns in fodder corn cultivation using a Completely Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with three treatments: T1 = corn (maintain crop residues), T2 = Corn + Soybean (preserve crop residue after harvest), and T3 = Corn + Peanut (preserve crop residue after harvest). The study also considers a second factor, which is the use of fertilizers and non-fertilizers. The results for soil acidity-alkalinity (pH) before and after corn planting did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05). Howev-er, the amount of organic matter (OM%) displayed a significant difference (P < 0.05), with the fertilizer model showing the highest aver-age value of 3.06%, followed by the non-fertilizer model with a value of 2.83%, and the control group with the lowest value of 1.78%. The amount of nitrogen (N%) also exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.05) between fertilized and non-fertilized treatments, with both hav-ing a value of 1.79%, while the control group had a lower value of 0.13%. Similarly, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the amount of phosphorus content (P-avai), with the fertilizer model having the highest value of 42.1 mg/kg, followed by the non-fertilizer model with 28.28 mg/kg, and the control group with the lowest value of 12.9 mg/kg. The amount of available potassium (K-avai) also showed a significant difference (P < 0.05), with the fertilized treatment having the highest value of 86 mg/kg, followed closely by the non-fertilized treatment with a value of 81 mg/kg, and the control group with the lowest value of 65 mg/kg. The proportion of sand content in the soil exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.05). The control group had the highest value of 50.4%, followed by the non-fertilized mod-el with 45.2%, and the fertilizer model with the lowest value of 40.99%. Similarly, the proportion of silt content showed a significant dif-ference (P < 0.05), with the control group having the highest value of 34.26%, followed by the fertilizer treatment with 29.46%, and the non-fertilizer treatment with the lowest value of 27.27%. The proportion of clay content also exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.05), with the fertilizer treatment having the highest value of 33.11%, followed by the non-fertilizer treatment with a value of 27.31%, and the control group with the lowest value of 17.52%. The yield parameters, including corn plant weight, corn kernel count, number of corn pods per hectare, and height of corn plants at the end of harvest (123 days), did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05). However, the weight of corn grains in each experimental area was found to be significantly different (P < 0.05), with the highest weight recorded in T3 at 5,955.8 kg/ha, followed by T2 at 4,865 kg/ha, and T1 with the lowest value of 3,937 kg/ha. The total yield also showed a significant difference (P < 0.05), with the highest value observed in T3 at 8,069.2 kg/ha, followed by T2 at 7,112.4 kg/ha, and the lowest value in T1 at 5,836.8 kg/ha. In terms of economic returns, T3 demonstrated the highest profit of 19,450,667 kips, followed by T2 with 16,079,917 kips, and the lowest profit in T1 at 12,377,167 kips. Comparing the economic returns between the three planting methods and two types of fertilization (fertilizer and non-fertilizer), the non-fertilizer method showed a higher profit of 16,255,667 kips, followed by the fertilizer method with a profit of 15,682,833 kips. Based on this experimental study, it was found that the T3 planting method (corn + peanuts with preserved crop residue after harvest) resulted in the highest yield and profit. However, the use of fertilization or non-fertilization had an impact on the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Further research is needed to assess the potential of cover crops and other soil-building practices in reducing drought stress, improving soil quality, increasing water-holding capacity, and ultimately enhancing yields and income.

The effects of organizational commitment on employee performance and motivation in National Bank of Oman []


The effects of organizational commitment on employee performance and motivation in National Bank of Oman, this project has been working for 4 months, this project focuses on the effects of organizational commitment on employee performance and motivation, and communication with National Bank of Oman to obtain accurate and more effective information, the collection of information through the questionnaire was relied upon to obtain the primary data, the study was applied to a sample of 55 employees, out of a study population of 60 employees, and used the Excel program for analyzing the responses, websites and books were also used to obtain secondary data, the following objectives were also discussed: effects of organizational commitment on employee performance and motivation in National Bank of Oman, the relationships between organizational commitment, employee performance and motivation, the factors affecting organizational commitment and motivation in National Bank of Oman, types of organizational commitment, organizational commitment is an essential element that helps achieve the organization's specific objectives. Keywords: Organizational Commitment, Employee Performance, Employee Motivation

Nécrose tubulaire par suite de morsure de serpent à propos de deux cas à l’hôpital de Sikasso []


Summary Introduction: Acute renal failure (ARI) due to snakebite envenomation is common in the tropics. Kidney damage can occur through several mechanisms, sometimes intertwined. Materials and methods: We report two cases of acute renal failure following snakebite envenomation, a descriptive retrospective study taking place in the medical department of Sikasso hospital (October 2019 and April 2022). Data collection was based on medical records. The assessments carried out were creatinine, urea, blood and urinary ionogram, abdominal and pelvic ultrasound, NFS. The 2012 AKIN (Acute Kidney Injury Network) classification allowed us to stage acute renal failure. Results: it was a 57-year-old man and a 60-year-old woman. The clinical picture was dominated by renal insufficiency classified as AKIN stage III in both cases associated with a hemorrhagic syndrome (gingivorrhagia, hematemesis, and epistaxis), oligo-anuria with dark "coca-cola" urine, impaired the state of consciousness in man. Hemodialysis was performed with total recovery of renal function in both patients. Conclusion: ARF is common during snakebite envenomation with high lethality. Acute tubular necrosis is the most common clinical form. Its prognosis depends on early diagnosis and extra-renal purification at the uremic stage. Key words: acute renal failure, envenomation, snake, Sikasso hospital, Mali

Prévalence des facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire de l’hypertension artérielle chez l’IRC à l’hôpital de Sikasso []


Summary: Introduction/objective The incidence of uncontrolled hypertension during chronic renal failure (CKD) may reflect the effectiveness or otherwise of treatment upstream of this condition. Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death among his patients. In uraemic subjects, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is the earliest cardiac morphological abnormality that can be complicated by heart failure. The aim of this work is to determine the prevalence of cardiac and ocular complications of arterial hypertension during CRF. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study with an analytical aim at the Nephrology department of the regional hospital of Sikasso (Mali), for a period of 8 months from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. Were included , any hypertensive patient aged at least 15 years, seen in consultation for impaired renal function on hypertension having carried out a fundus examination, a cardiac ultrasound and the biological assessment, followed or admitted to our service. Patients who did not undergo echocardiography, fundus examination or irregular follow-up were not included. Results: We collected 136 patient records including 92 men/44 women with a sex ratio= 2.09. The average age of the patients is 43.26 +/- 13.28 with extremes ranging from 17 to 71 years, with a male predominance 92 (67.6%) and 44 female (32.4%). average is 1203 μmol/l and the average Hb level in g/dl is 9.54 with extremes ranging from 3 to 16 g/dl. Thirty (37.5%) of the eighty patients included were on chronic hemodialysis. The age group of less than 31-60 years represented 101 patients (74.3%). Cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension, found in all our patients, high LDL in 18 cases (13.2%), HDL decreased in 30 cases (22.1%), high triglycerides, 30 cases (22. 1%). Anemia with an Hb level below 8 found in 34 patients (25%). Grade 3 hypertension represented 52 (38.2%), stage 5 IRC was found in 113 patients (83.1%). Hypertensive cardiomyopathy with good systolic function was the main echocardiographic abnormality in 83 (61%). Stage 2 hypertensive retinopathy was present in 29 (21.3%) patients and stage 3 in 23 (16.9%) . Hypertensive retinopathies were mainly present at stage 5 of renal failure. Conclusion : Renal failure, which is a cardiovascular risk factor in its own right, is a source of many complications with a risk of impaired cardiac function. The efficient management of its complications must be an integral part of the treatment of chronic renal failure. Keywords: prevalence, risk factor, cardiovascular, IRC, hospital, Sikasso, Mali

Rétinopathie chez l’insuffisance rénale chronique à l’hôpital de Sikasso (Mali) []


Summary Introduction/objective: Chronic renal failure is a "silent disease" due to a progressive, prolonged and irreversible decline in kidney function. In our department, there is no data on the frequency of hypertensive retinopathy in chronic renal failure, hence this study to show the interest of the fundus in the management of arterial hypertension. Materials and Methods: retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study with an analytical aim in the medical department of the regional hospital of Sikasso (Mali), for a period of 2 years from January 01, 2020 to December 31, 2022. Were included, any patient hypertensive, seen in consultation and/or hospitalized in the medical department, having performed a fundus with an usable medical record. Results: A total of 136 patients, 94 of whom (66.11%) had fundus abnormalities. The 31-60 age group was the most represented, 101 cases or 74.3%. The average age of patients is 43.26 +/- 13.28 with extremes ranging from 17 to 71 years. The predominance was male 92 (67.6%) and female 44 (32.4%). Mean serum creatinine was 1203 μmol/l. The main functional signs were headache, 105 (77.2%); vomiting, 79 (58.1%); exertional dyspnoea, 78 (57.4%); dizziness, 66 (48.5%). Hypertension was grade 3 in 52 (38.2%) patients. Stage II hypertensive retinopathy was the most observed fundus abnormality. Renal failure in patients was classified as stages 5, 4, 3 and 1 in 113 (83.1%), 12 (8.8%), 7 (5.1%) and 4 (3%) respectively. Nephroangiosclerosis was the diagnosis retained in 78 patients, or 57.4%. There was no statistically significant relationship between the stage of renal failure and the lesions observed on the fundus due to the sample size. . Conclusion : Retinopathies are frequent in patients with renal insufficiency are frequent and polymorphic. The hypertensive origin is the predominant. There is no significant relationship between the severity of renal failure and fundus lesions. Keywords: Retinopathy, renal failure, Sikasso, Mali

CONNAISSANCES ATTITUDES ET PRATIQUES DES MERES PAR RAPPORT A LA MALNUTRITION DES ENFANTS DE MOINS DE 5ANS DANS LE CSREF DE SIKASSO EN 2022 []


Summary : Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the main public health problems, especially in developing countries (DCs). In the genesis of this condition, inappropriate feeding practices and a deficient sanitary environment play an important role, hence the realization of this study at the CSRéf of Sikasso. Patients and method: This is a prospective study carried out at the CSRéf of Sikasso from December 1, 2022 to January 10, 2023. A questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge, practices and attitude of mothers in relation to malnutrition in children under of five years. Results : During our study we interviewed 384 mothers of children under 5 years old. The age of the mothers was between 19 and 30 years old. Among the mothers, 36.5% were housewives and 56.3% educated. The vast majority of women had already heard of malnutrition at 93.8%. For 28.1% of mothers, the main cause of malnutrition was the lack of foods rich in micronutrients. 48.8% believe that thinness is a sign of malnutrition. Edema was reported by 14% of mothers as a sign of malnutrition, and there are also 10.4% of mothers who do not know any signs. Educated mothers had a good knowledge than those who are not, 71.9% against 28.1%. As for the prevention of malnutrition, educated mothers knew 50.5% how to prevent it, unlike uneducated mothers who were 49.5%. Conclusion : It is noted that the mothers of children had a fairly good knowledge of the causes, signs, consequences and preventive measures on child malnutrition. Keywords: Knowledge, Malnutrition, Practice, child

Trachoma Prevalence Survey in the Kadiolo Health District []


ABSTRACT Introduction The purpose of this work was to study the trachoma situation in the Kadiolo health district in 2016 as part of post-endemic surveillance. Methodology This was a cross-sectional survey by random sampling in clusters at 2 degrees which took place in the Csréf of Kadiolo (ophthalmology department) from January 1 to 31, 2016. Our study focused on 1457 children and adults in 3066 surveyed households. Included were all children aged 1 to 9 and subjects aged 15 and over belonging to selected households in randomly chosen villages in the circle of Kadiolo and with their agreement. Not included were all children under one year old and subjects aged 10 to 14 and those refusing or not belonging to the selected households. The data was manually classified and entered into Microsoft Access (MAD) databases. EpiInfo or an additional, advanced statistical software was used to analyze the data. Results Our study found a prevalence of 0.23%. This is well below the elimination threshold recommended by the WHO (<5%). Subjects over 15 years the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis was 0.15 with IC (0.16 -1.07). This decline in prevalence was attributable to the mass treatment carried out in the Kadiolo health district, the strengthening of personal and environmental hygiene, education for the change of behavior of the population through awareness sessions and information. Conclusion This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the epidemiological situation of active trachoma (TF/TI) in children aged 1 to 9 years and that of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in subjects aged 15 and over in the health district. of Kadiolo. Regarding follicular trachoma (TF), the prevalence was <5% elimination threshold. To do this, it is necessary to stop the mass treatment and continue the actions of the N and CE sections relating to hygiene, sanitation and water supply and to IEC/trachoma to avoid a resurgence of the disease. disease. Keywords: Active trachoma, Trachomatous trichiasis, Prevalence

The Effect of Romantic Relationship on the Perceived Development of Anxiety amongst High School Students []


Romantic relationships are a major developmental milestone among adolescents, but when young and unprepared high schoolers explore them, it can be a source of great anxiety resulting in emotional upheavals. This study aimed to ascertain the perceived anxiety level of high school students involved in a romantic relationship according to gender, age, and length of relationship. Furthermore, it aimed to assess if there is a significant difference in the respondents' responses to the perceived level of anxiety. The importance of this research was to evaluate the effect of romantic relationship on the development of anxiety amongst science high students to come up with programs that would help mitigate the impact of such relationship on the emotional wellbeing of its students as they can go on struggling unnoticed by administrators, teachers, and parents. A quantitative research design was utilized to unravel the effect of romantic relationships and the respondents' level of anxiety. Significant findings of the study revealed that in terms of gender, male respondents have severe anxiety while female respondents have moderate anxiety. In terms of age and length of relationship, the level of anxiety of both males and females is severe anxiety. The manifestations may be presented as worry, restlessness, and fear. Moreover, the participants' responses for the various indicators can be deduced to an analysis that there is no significant difference in their level of anxiety according to gender, age, and length of relationship. The factors that may trigger anxiety amongst the participants are misunderstanding, jealousy, and insecurity.

Perceived Effectiveness of Gender Desk Officers in Tackling Domestic Violence in Rivers State []


Domestic violence (DV) occurs in all countries, rich or poor, developed or developing, with no regard to caste, creed, colour, social status, wealth, urban or rural residence, or the ages of victim and aggressor. This study assessed the responsiveness of security agencies to domestic violence. In addition, it carried out a review of the police gender desk policies and how effective it was in addressing domestic violence. To achieve this, the study explored the existing mechanism used by Nigerian Police; Rivers State command in checking domestic violence in the state it also examined the procedures used by security agencies in the prosecution of domestic violence cases, explored the challenges encountered by the gender desk and identified the best strategies of addressing these challenges. The study used survey research design. It was conducted in Rivers State. Purposive sampling was used; the sample population comprised of survivors of domestic violence and gender desk officers (GDOs). The data was collected using the interview, questionnaires. Quantitative data was analysed using the SPSS. The study found that 77% of domestic violence cases where pending, 15% were resolved, while 8% were ongoing. Furthermore, 50% of domestic violence survivors though the gender desk. unit were not effective in responding to domestic violence complaints while 50% claimed they were effective. Meanwhile, 66.6% of GDOs were satisfied in their ability to respond to domestic violence cases. Results also showed that though gender desks were expected to prevent and respond to domestic violence, they were not effective; 55% of GDOs claimed they did not take sufficient action against perpetrators of domestic violence. The study highlighted the challenges facing the gender desk and best strategies for addressing these challenges were identified. The study recommended an increase in the funding and equipping the gender desks units by the government and deployment of more police officers and establishment of special courts for quick adjudication of cases. Keywords: Domestic Violence, Gender Based Violence, Rivers State, Gender Desk Officers.