Volume 11, Issue 8, August 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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The Impact of FDI on Economic Growth in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Zambia []


This study was carried out in order to investigate the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on economic growth (GDPGR) in developing countries, and in particular, Zambia. The data used was obtained from the World Bank’s world development indicators for the period 1990 to 2020. This paper makes use of times series analysis. A unit root test was carried out in order to determine whether the data was stationary or not. Thereafter, the ARDL model was run in order to test the significance of the variables as the variables were of a mixed order, based on the unit root test results which found that one variable was stationary at level while the other variable was stationary at first difference. Additionally, a Granger-causality test was carried out in order to find out whether FDI Granger-causes GDPGR. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between FDI and economic growth in the short run, but no relationship between the two in the long run. On the other hand, the results of the Granger-causality test found that FDI Granger-causes GDPGR, while GDPGR does not Granger-cause FDI, hence there being only a one-way causality effect.

The Effect of Leadership dan Locus of Control on the Performance of Financial Managers at the State Universities with Legal Entity Status (PTNBH) (Case Study on Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar) []


This study aims to analyze the effect of leadership and locus of control on the performance of the financial managers at the State Universities with Legal Entity Status (PTNBH). This research method uses a survey approach by providing a list of statements to the respondent in this case it is mandatory for individuals. This study uses a quantitative approach and uses multiple linear regression analysis with additional validity tests and reliability tests. This study also uses hypothesis testing in the form of determination coefficient test (R2) and partial test (t). The results of this study indicate that: based on the results of data analysis research it is known that leadership has a positive and significant effect on the performance of financial managers at the State Universities with Legal Entity Status. While locus of control has a significant effect on the performance of financial managers Keywords: Leadership, Locus of Control, Financial Manager’s Performance

FAITH-BASED LEADERSHIP AND STUDENTS’ CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT AMONG HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN COTABATO CITY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY []


The paper provides a description on the ways in which two faith-based institutions an Islamic schools maybe distinguish from Catholic schools. It identifies the extent of faith-based leadership manifested among students in terms of faith, social awareness, love, and obedience; determine the extent of the students’ character formation demonstrated by students when grouped according to schools in terms of compassion, communion, contemplation, and love for creation. The study adapts the four attributes of faith leaders of Sweeney and Fry’s model on the essence of developing students’ character which are anchored on the four core values of the O.P., Dominican Sisters. The paper uses descriptive-comparative design and a modified survey questionnaire. In total, 200 participants are involved in the study. The results show that most of the students developed the characteristics aimed to be instilled by the faith leaders. However; faith leaders need to have more programs on love, social awareness and obedience to develop student’s characters like contemplative, building a closer relationship with God and others, and being compassionate. These findings assert statements in the literature concerning the integrated nature of spirituality and its positive involvement to leader resilience. Henceforth, faith-based schools of higher institutions in Cotabato City may find spirituality useful as learning means through which they can critically examine their teaching practices. Secondly, faith leader promotes the physical, emotional, social, intellectual and spiritual well-being of learners. Faith-leaders recognition of faith and the importance of spirituality in human life is an essential perspective that represents service to members of the community. The paper suggests a further study be conducted on investigating the meaning of teachers’ spirituality and the effect this might have on their professional contributions. Keywords: Faith-Based Leadership, Student’s Development Character, Higher Education Institution, Cotabato City

QUALITY CARE AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES OF BIRTHING CLINICS IN COTABATO CITY []


This study aimed to evaluate the service delivery provided by birthing clinics in Cotabato City. The study is a descriptive-correlation design utilizing a researcher-made survey questionnaire to 74 selected respondents, using purposive sampling, employing mean and Pearson r., The findings revealed that the administration of birthing clinics in maternity service on pre-natal and post-natal care, normal spontaneous delivery, and care of newborn babies were all very highly administered. The safe quality care of birthing clinics was very highly improved. The correlational analysis between the delivery of services of the birthing clinics and the improvement in safe quality care revealed a significant relationship. Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. The study concludes that adherence to the standards mandated by the law of the birthing clinics can help improve care to mother and child that prevented maternal and child mortality and complications. The study generally recommends the intensification of support to capacitate the birthing clinics in providing quality services.Keywords: Quality Care, Delivery of Services, Birthing Clinics, Cotabato City

Strengthening sustainable approaches and technologies, including generation of biomass charcoal briquettes, rainwater harvesting and small scale vegetable gardens. []


Abstract: Across the societies, the impacts of climate change affect women and men differently. Women are often responsible for gathering and producing food, collecting water and sourcing fuel for heating and cooking. With climate change, these tasks are becoming more difficult. Extreme weather events such as droughts and floods have a greater impact on the poor and most vulnerable. As climate change turns what were already unfavorable conditions into unlivable ones, Kenya that is made up of 80% arid land, still relies heavily on rain fed agriculture. Severe water constraints and prolonged droughts have exacerbated drought occurrence due to high anomalies in precipitation resulting from climate change. Despite women being disproportionately affected by climate change, they play a crucial role in climate change adaptation and mitigation. Women have knowledge and understanding of what is needed to adapt to changing environmental conditions and to come up with practical solutions. But they are still largely untapped resource. Restricted land rights, lack of access to financial resources, training and technology and limited access to political making spheres often prevent them from playing a full role in tackling climate change and other environmental challenges. This project aims at strengthening climate action and gender equality through sustainable approaches and technologies, including generation of biomass charcoal briquettes, rainwater harvesting and small scale vegetable gardens. Rainwater harvesting primarily consists of the collection, storage and subsequent use of captured rainwater as either the principal or as a supplementary source of water. Examples exist of systems that provide water for domestic, commercial, institutional and industrial purposes as well as agriculture, livestock, groundwater recharge, flood control, process water and as an emergency supply for fire-fighting. Production of renewable biomass charcoal briquettes on small scale by households using cow manure, kitchen waste, leaves, maize stalks, rice and coffee husks using suitable digesters that are considered as an alternative renewable source of fuel. To build greenhouses on a glass modular unit containing growing medium in the form of an engineered soil layer that is closed off entirely to the natural elements. To enhance knowledge management and information sharing on drought resilience and fully engage women who we intend to be fully responsible for the management of these projects.

EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS: IMPLICATIONS TO MATHEMATICAL SKILLS AMONG PRESCHOOLERS []


Mathematical skills are vital to the children’s life, because it will be used in making decisions in almost every area of their lives, in their studies and in other learning situations. The study investigated the relationship of executive functions: inhibitory control and working memory of the preschoolers to their mathematical skills. Descriptive research design was used. The participants were one hundred preschoolers of the three schools in Cagayan de Oro City. The researcher-made test was used to determine the preschooler’s mathematical skills which include classification, seriation, counting and comparing, one to one correspondence, number and number words, and addition and subtraction. Various assessments were employed to measure the pupils’ extent of demonstration of executive functions. The study found that the pupils’ mathematical skills were not significantly related to working memory but were found to have significant negative correlation with inhibitory control. Within the components, positive and negative correlations were found. The study concludes that the use of executive functions does not necessarily ensure the manifestation of good mathematical skills.

INFLUENCE OF CLASS SIZE ON TEACHERS TIME MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON THE STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KWALE COUNTY-KENYA []


Class size is a crucial factor in the classroom instruction since it determines the activities that are chosen. Activities in the classroom impact how a teacher engages with students and are critical in assessing learning quality. Class sizes in Kenya have grown over time as a result of increased population and the adoption of reforms in education aimed at making sure that all students receive a basic education. Education is a vital success factor in every economy, developed or emerging, because it is the process through which teaching and learning occur and knowledge is transmitted or passed down. Governments around the world support education to ensure that their populations are prepared with the skills and information needed to address existing and developing challenges. The statement made in the resolution of the Jomtien World Conference on Education for All in 1990, as well as the follow-up at the 2000 Dakar World Education Forum, emphasized the need of expanding access to education for all children. In Kenya, the implementation of the Free Primary Education (FPE) Policy in 2003 and the start of the Free Secondary Education Programme in 2008 more than doubled the number of students enrolled in both primary and secondary public schools. This issue has not only weakened teacher confidence, but it has also brought the topic of class size to the forefront of the country's educational and political agendas. Over the years, it had been seen that secondary public-school performance in Kwale County, Kenya, was declining. This objective of this study was to determine why performance was declining despite spirited efforts by stakeholders to support education. Further, the research sought to specifically establish the perception of students in secondary schools on their teachers’ preparedness and delivery of teaching and learning. The population was students in Kwale County represented by candidates in form four, their teachers and Principals. Therefore, it was from all 98 public secondary with 6,540 form four students and 960 Teachers and 98 principals. Krejcie and morgan (1970) table of sample size determination was used to get 364 of 6,540 students, 274 of the 960 teachers, and 29 of the 98 principals. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data through drop and pick method in the selected schools. Random sampling of respondents among form four students and teachers was carried out while purposive sampling of principals was done. Responses were gathered on a five-point Likert scale and data analysis carried out through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Regression analysis was carried out to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variable. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of.83, which indicates the research instrument's high level of internal consistency, was used to establish reliability. The findings established that large classroom, have a negative influence on two important and linked parts of a teacher's profession, namely instructional time and classroom management.

IELTS LISTENING TEST: LISTENING COMPREHENSION DIFFICULTIES OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS []


In the listening comprehension process, it is natural for listeners to experience different challenges and issues, which at some point affect their ability to recognize information from listening, and many non-native English speakers find these problems as listening comprehension difficulties. To enhance students’ listening comprehension, determining their listening comprehension difficulties can be very helpful and valuable. Thus, this study investigated the English listening comprehension difficulties of Senior High School students on the IELTS listening test. The study aims to determine students' listening comprehension difficulties when listening to native English speakers. The study’s participants are Grade 11 students from Philippine Engineering and Agro-Industrial College, Inc., comprising 226 Senior High School Department students. The study utilized a survey questionnaire to inquire about the listening comprehension difficulties of the students when listening to native English speakers. The study found that five listening comprehension difficulties significantly impacted the participants' ability to acquire, retain, and interpret information when listening to English text. These difficulties included listener factors, linguistics, lack of concentration, word recognition, and speaker factors. The IELTS listening test is relevant in evaluating K-12 students' listening skills and enhancing their comprehension by identifying their listening comprehension difficulties.

Factors Influencing Budget Absorption in Government Working Units: A Literature Review on Budget Planning, Competence of Human Resources, and Use of Information Technology []


Abstract— This study conducts a literature review regarding the influence of factors on budget absorption in Government Work Units (Government Work Units). The factors studied were budget planning, competence in human resources (HR), and the use of information technology. From the results of the literature review, it was found that budget planning has a positive and significant influence on budget absorption. HR competence also has a positive effect, although several studies have found that the effect is not always significant in the procurement of goods and services. The use of information technology, especially the SIMonev application, has also proven to have a significant effect on budget absorption. In addition, other factors such as technological task suitability, administrative records, organizational commitment, and the bureaucratic environment also affect budget absorption. Taking these findings into account, it is recommended for budget managers to improve careful budget planning, quality human resources, and the use of information technology in order to increase the level of absorption of the budget in government spending units. Index Terms— Budget Planning, HR Competence, Use of IT, Government Working Units.

Literature Review: The Effectiveness of Procurement of Goods and Services: The Moderating Role of Motivation in the Relationship between Workload and the Procurement Service Unit []


Abstract— This research is a literature review that aims to present an overview of previous studies that have been conducted regarding the effectiveness of the procurement of goods and services from the moderating role of motivation in the relationship between workload at the Procurement Service Unit (ULP). The effectiveness of the procurement of goods and services is considered important in improving government performance and providing maximum service to the public. Workload and employee motivation at ULP are considered key factors in achieving procurement effectiveness. High workload can have a negative impact on performance effectiveness, while employee motivation is an important aspect of facing challenges and pressures in carrying out procurement tasks. In this research, motivation acts as a moderating variable that can affect the relationship between workload and the effectiveness of the procurement of goods and services. The results of this literature review provide a better understanding of the factors that influence procurement effectiveness and provide input for the government in improving the quality of procurement of goods and services. Index Terms— Workload, Effectiveness, Motivation, Procurement of Goods and Services, Procurement Service Unit (ULP).

Phospholipid profiles in development of experimental atherosclerosis []


A change in the functional groups and fatty acid composition of phospholipids and cholesterol leads to a change in their phase state, and qualitative and quantitative changes in the lipid composition affect the functional activity of membranes and their protein components, in particular receptors and enzymes.

EFFECT OF VAN HIELE’S INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND ANXIETY IN GEOMETRY AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA []


This study effect of van Hiele’s instructional model on students’ academic performance and anxiety in Geometry among secondary senior school in Katsina State, Nigeria. Two Objectives and Research Question were generated to guide the investigation. Also, Two Hypotheses were postulated and tested at 0.05 level of significant. The study sample was 180 SSII students’ which were selected from the population of (3072) students of all public senior secondary school Kankia zonal education quality assurance using intact classroom. The study was adopt quasi-experimental design and two instruments Geometry Performance Tests (GPT) and Mathematics Anxiety Questionnaire (MAQ) was developed and adopted which is valid and reliability coefficient obtained are 0.736 and 0.947 respectively using PPMC and Cronbach alpha. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and mean rank) were used to address the research questions and inferential statistic (independent samples t-test and Mann Whitney U-test) was used to test the hypotheses at α = 0.05. The findings of the study led to the conclusion that, students taught Geometry using Van Hiele’s Instructional Model performed significantly higher than their counterparts taught using lecture method. It was recommended that, the Van Hiele’s Instructional Model should be incorporated into the teaching and learning of Mathematics at the Senior Secondary School level.

Simulation en sciences de santé : conception et évaluation d’un logiciel d’auscultation thoracique []


Contexte : En sciences de santé, le dispositif d’évaluation sur patients réels est confronté à des contraintes d’ordre éthique, le patient ne devrait pas être utilisé comme matériel docimologique. La simulation comme technique pédagogique a été proposée comme alternative pour l’évaluation des acquisitions, notamment dans le cadre d’examen clinique objectif structuré. Celle-ci est confrontée à des difficultés vu le coût des simulateurs et le nombre croissant des apprenants. Un logiciel d’évaluation a été conçu afin de limiter l’utilisation des simulateurs ; l’objectif de cette étude a été d’évaluer sa fiabilité par comparaison des scores obtenus sur logiciel vs simulateur (gold standard). Matériel et Méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude de fiabilité d’un outil d’évaluation de l’auscultation thoracique. Elle a eu lieu entre septembre 2017 à février 2018, a porté après échantillonnage aléatoire sur logiciel IBM SPSS V.22 sur 45 étudiants. L’évaluation du logiciel s’est basée sur l’analyse de concordance ordinale (test Kappa de Cohen, test de corrélation de Kendall) des scores obtenus par les étudiants sur le logiciel par rapport au simulateur, considéré comme gold standard. Résultats : Pour l’auscultation cardiaque, le score moyen a été 90,6 % du score total sur logiciel versus 74,6% sur simulateur ; les coefficients de corrélation de Kendall 0,15 (p non significative) et de Kappa 0,15 (p= 0,116) ont révélé une mauvaise concordance selon l’interprétation de Lander et Koch. Pour l’auscultation pulmonaire, le score moyen a été de 95,6% du score total sur logiciel versus 88,4% sur simulateur ; les coefficients de corrélation de Kendall 0,45 (p=0,014) et de Kappa 0,64 (p=0,002) ont révélé une bonne concordance entre les deux supports d’évaluation. Conclusion : La simulation numérique semble une solution adéquate pour l’évaluation des acquisitions de l’auscultation thoracique pour de grands effectifs. Les résultats concordants du logiciel concernant la section pulmonaire doivent inciter à améliorer le volet de l’auscultation cardiaque. Mots clés : auscultation thoracique, simulation, graduation, évaluation

Syracuse-Collatz conjecture invalidation []


In this document, we study the syracuse sequences of all integers from 1 to infinity. Thus we obtain sequences whose limit at infinity are compared to the values ​​(4,2 and 1) in order to verify the conjecture.

TECHNO-ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF 4.5MWp SOLAR PV POWER PLANT AT KINAZI SECTOR-RWANDA []


Rwanda has had remarkable economic growth in recent years, but energy generation is still a big bugbear in its development. Rwanda has a lot of energy resources but, only around 10 percent of the available resources are utilized for electricity generation. This project work focuses on the exploitation of the sun which is an abundant and non-exhaustible resource of energy. The cost of the solar energy systems is analyzed and compared with other energy systems to emphasize the importance of interconnecting solar energy-based generation into the grid system for this particular area. The PVsyst7.2.5 software for renewable energy modeling played a significant role while performing the techno economics analysis of the 4.5MWp PV power plant at Kinazi sector in Ruhango district; it provides the key performance indicators like the capacity factor, yield factor, Levelized cost of electricity, net present value, performance ratio, payback period and the internal rate of return. After analyzing the results related to the solar PV performance indicators related to the site where Ruhango Provincial hospital is located, the study has proven that the investment in solar PV power plants for electricity generation in the specified area is feasible and profitable. From the simulation done, internalizing all necessary financial and technical parameters for Ruhango provincial hospital solar PV power plant, it has been found that the project is profitable and within 12 years, the total cost invested would have been recouped. Ruhango provincial hospital houses can support fifteen thousand solar PV panels that can yield 6993108kWh per year. This generation will make a considerable impact on the national installed capacity supplying the hospital, and the neighboring citizens, and the excess energy will be injected into the national grid.

A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, COMPETENCE, AND COMPENSATION SYSTEM ON WORK PERFORMANCE BY MEDIATING WORK DISCIPLINE AND WORK MOTIVATION []


Improving work performance is essential for a company's success, and it is influenced by various factors, including organizational culture and employee competence. Organizational culture plays a vital role in shaping employee behavior and commitment to company goals. This paper discusses the relationship between organizational culture, competency, and compensation systems in relation to work performance, with work discipline and work motivation as mediators. Performance is crucial for organizational success, and various factors in-fluence it. The study examines how organizational culture impacts work discipline and work motivation, which, in turn, affects work performance. Competency and the compensation system also play essential roles in this relationship. The conceptual model depicts the inter-connectedness of these variables. Seventeen hypotheses are formulated based on the model. The research employs a qualitative approach with questionnaires distributed to employees at PT Aman Jaya. The Likert scale is used for scoring, and path analysis is employed for data analysis. The paper aims to provide insights into the key factors influencing work performance in the company.

A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE EFFECT OF MANNING MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION AND SAILING SAFETY KNOWLEDGE ON OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS MEDIATED BY UNDERSTANDING SAILING SAFETY AT PT X []


Human-caused maritime accidents can seriously affect ship crews, shipping companies, and the marine environment. Understanding the causes and prevention of accidents is critical for guaranteeing marine safety and security. The effect of manning management implementation and sailing safety knowledge on occupational accidents at PT X, a merchant ship firm, is investigated in this conceptual research. The study considers sailing safety understanding a mediator component in this association. Manning management is concerned with human resource management on board, whereas sailing safety knowledge is involved with crew members' understanding of sailing safety concepts. The study hypothesizes that manning management and sailing safety knowledge directly and favorably affect understanding sailing safety and occupational accidents. A Likert scale questionnaire is used for data collection, and route analysis is used for analysis. The theoretical framework gives insights into increasing marine safety and reducing workplace accidents

THE EFFECT OF SYAHBANDAR’S KNOWLEDGE ON SHIPPING SAFETY AND SECURITY WITH SYAHBANDAR’S COMPLIANCE AND UNDERSTANDING AS MEDIATOR (CASE STUDY AT CILACAP CLASS II PORT AUTHORITY AND KESYAHBANDARAN OFFICE): A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


In a globalized society, maritime transportation is essential. This study underlines Syahbandar's critical role as the person in charge of marine safety and security. Syahbandar's knowledge, understanding, and compliance significantly impact maritime safety, where a thorough understanding of regulations, processes, and practices is essential. A knowledgeable Syahbandar can predict hazards and ensure cautious precautions are taken throughout travel. Their emergency response skills are critical in crises, and their expertise with modern navigation systems improves surveillance. However, the public image of maritime safety has deteriorated, possibly due to weaker Syahbandar aware-ness and compliance. This article aims to offer a conceptual model that investigates the direct and indirect consequences of Syahbandar's knowledge, understanding, and compliance with maritime safety and security. The study uses a quantitative approach to promote a safer and more secure maritime environment.

THE EFFECT OF COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEE WORK QUALITY WITH SELF-MANAGEMENT AND WORK CREATIVITY MEDIATION AT PT PELINDO MAKASSAR: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


In the maritime industry of Indonesia, ports play a crucial role in economic growth and national development by facilitating trade and connecting islands. However, challenges such as operational efficiency, infrastructure, security, and technology adoption impact the industry. These challenges can be linked to employee job quality. Competency development enhances work quality, while self-management ensures emotional balance and productivity. Workplace creativity also contributes to work quality by fostering unique ideas. At PT Pelindo Makassar, a pre-survey identified a decline in work quality due to organizational changes. This study investigates the relationship between competency development, self-management, work creativity, and work quality, aiming to develop a conceptual model that addresses these aspects. The literature review indicates the significance of these variables, and the hypotheses outline their direct and indirect effects on work quality. The study uses a quantitative approach with data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The findings will contribute to understanding and improving employee work quality at PT Pelindo Makassar.

THE EFFECT OF WORKLOAD ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SHIP GUIDES MEDIATED BY WORK FATIGUE AND WORK STRESS: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


The maritime sector relies on ship guiding to maintain safe, secure, and efficient marine traffic. Ship guides work with port authorities, captains, and other staff to smooth sailing operations. This conceptual paper explores the critical function of ship guides in the maritime sector, concentrating on Indonesian legislation requiring foreign ships to use ship guides. Navigating ships in Indonesia provides problems owing to the complicated seas, necessitating highly trained and knowledgeable guides. The research focuses on the effect of workload on ship guide productivity and the mediating elements of work fatigue and stress. The study used a quantitative methodology, including path analysis, to analyze the relationship between workload, job weariness, work stress, and productivity. The goal is to give valuable insights into enhancing ship guide performance and efficiency at the PT. Pelindo IV Balikpapan Branch.

THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP STYLE AND WORKLOAD ON SHIP CREW PERFORMANCE MEDIATED BY WORK FATIGUE AND SHIFT ROTATION SYSTEM: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


This paper examines the effect of leadership style and workload on ship crew performance, considering the mediating function of work tiredness and the shift rotation system. The research is based on empirical research as well as observational data. The literature review investigates leadership styles, workload, work fatigue, and the shift rotation system. The conceptual model depicts the interactions be-tween these factors. The model is used to generate hypotheses. The process entails collecting and analyzing quantitative data using questionnaires and SPSS software. This study aims to help with human resource management in the shipping industry by identifying the elements that impact crew performance and applying successful techniques

THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGY AND SERVICE QUALITY ON BRAND IMAGE MEDIATED BY CUSTOMER LOYALTY AT PT HUTAMA TRANS KENCANA: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


The fast-paced era of globalization emphasizes the importance of building a strong brand image for businesses in Indonesia. Social media plays a crucial role in shaping brand perception, and a positive brand image offers advantages like increased customer loyalty and differentiation. Digital marketing strategies, service quality, and customer loyalty influence brand image. PT. Hutama Trans Kencana, an international shipping company, faces challenges in maintaining its brand image. A survey revealed a possible connection between this decline and digital marketing strategy, service quality, and customer loyalty. Thus, PT. Hutama Trans Kencana must improve its digital marketing strategies, enhance service quality, and strengthen customer loyalty to improve overall business performance. The research investigates the impact of digital marketing strategy and service quality on brand image mediated by customer loyalty at PT. Hutama Trans Kencana.

THE EFFECT OF WORKLOAD AND CREW ROTATION ON CREW PERFORMANCE BY MEDIATING WORK STRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT PT. TOS INDONESIA: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


The Covid-19 pandemic has caused issues for Indonesian maritime services, affecting the continuity of shipping operations and sailor safety. The ship's crew faces an extra workload due to crew change delays imposed by travel restrictions and lockdowns. As a result, the ship's crew performance has been deteriorating for the last three years. The impact of workload and crew rotation on crew performance during the Covid-19 pandemic in PT. TOS Indonesia is investigated in this paper. Due to travel restrictions, the ship's crew faced obstacles, resulting in an increasing workload and decreased performance during the last three years. This research provides a conceptual model with hypotheses for investigating the relationships between workload, crew rotation, job stress, and crew performance. SPSS and path analysis were used to acquire quantitative data from 50 crew members. This paper explains how workload and crew rotation affect crew performance, mediated by job stress.

THE EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLE AND HR QUALITY ON SHIP X CREW PERFORMANCE MEDIATED BY MOTIVATION AND DISCIPLINE: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


Efficient crew performance is crucial for the safety and efficiency of maritime operations. This conceptual research investigates the effect of leadership style and human resource quality on the performance of a ship's crew, with motivation and discipline serving as moderators. The study underlines the importance of effective crew performance for the safety and efficiency of the marine sector. Crew performance is influenced by essential aspects such as leadership style, human resource quality, motivation, and discipline. The study adopted a quantitative technique, with data collected using a Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. The project intends to give significant insights into human resource management onboard ships by understanding the relationships between these factors.

THE EFFECTS OF SERVICE QUALITY, SYSTEM QUALITY, AND E-TICKETING INFORMATION ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY BY MEDIATING USER SATISFACTION AT PT. ASDP (PERSERO) MERAK BRANCH: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


Since introducing digital technology a decade ago, the ferry transportation sector has significantly transformed from traditional ticket sales to digital ticketing systems. This change has resulted in more efficient ticketing processes using digital platforms such as mobile ticketing and barcode scanning. The benefits of digital ticketing include fewer physical ticket handling, improved customer preference tracking, and significant cost savings. However, issues persist, especially in providing a consistent user experience with the e-ticketing system. This study focuses on PT. ASDP (Persero) Merak Branch, studying the impact of service quality, system quality, and information quality on customer loyalty, with user satisfaction as a moderator. This study will use a quantitative method to improve the e-ticketing system, nurture customer satisfaction and loyalty, and secure a competitive position in the ferry transportation sector.