Volume 11, Issue 9, September 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS AND ACID-BASE DISORDERS IN SEVERE COVID-19 PATIENTS. []


Background: The high prevalence of pneumonia and renal involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) leads to frequent acid-base abnormalities in serious patients and affects prognosis. In this study, we aimed to assess the arterial blood gas (ABG) and acid-base patterns in COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Objective: To evaluate arterial blood gases in covid-19 patients and to access the association of ABGs with the severity of covid-19. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted in Benazir Bhutto hospital involving 975 reverse transcription-polymerase chains reaction-positive COVID-19 patients. Demographic and laboratory data including ABG data within the first day after admission and in patients with multiple ABG analyses, only the first measurement was collected and analyzed statistically, including its association with comorbidities. Results: The most common age group of the patients was 46-60 years (33.4%), with a male predominance. The most common comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease found in 429 (44%) COVID-19 patients. Respiratory acidosis was observed in 414 (42%) covid-19 patients and alkalosis in 199(20.2%) patients. Just like that metabolic acidosis was observed in 758(76.9%) covid-19 patients and alkalosis in 106(10.8%) patients respectively. The most common ABG abnormality observed was primary respiratory alkalosis with secondary metabolic acidosis followed by primary respiratory alkalosis with secondary metabolic alkalosis. A statistically significant negative correlation was found with PaCO2 and pH (r = -0.530, p < 0.0001), a statistically significant positive correlation was found between pH and base (r = 0.533, p < 0.0001), pH and TCO2 (r = 0.260, p < 0.0001),), and pH and HCO3 (r = 0.354, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Acid-base abnormalities are commonly encountered in COVID-19 patients. Respiratory acidosis as a part of a single or mixed pattern on ABG was the most common pattern found in critically ill COVID-19 patients. ABG on admission in moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients can help in the early correction of metabolic abnormalities leading to improved patient outcomes.

Stimulating Entrepreneurship among the Youth []


Youth unemployment is one of the major challenges faced by the African Union (AU) Member States. The problem is exacerbated by limited alternate opportunities to earn decent livelihoods. Since the youth form the backbone of the African population - over 60% - the continent’s sustainable development hinges on harnessing the demographic dividend.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVE WASTE COLLECTION OF SOME SELECTED ESTATES AT IKORODU LAGOS, NIGERIA []


It is critical to assess the current state of solid waste collection as waste has impacts on public health, the environment, and potential resources in the land. Lagos is seen to be indicative of other significant metropolitan cities in Nigeria with a very high population, waste collection is crucial. This study examines the effectiveness of waste collection in some estates at Ikorodu. Jakande Estate, Ayanusi Estate, Jubilee Estate, Akasoleri Estate, Radio, and Old Winners Estate in the Ikorodu community were purposely selected for this study. To satisfy the study's goal, structured interviews, first-hand observation, and a review of secondary data were all used. Additionally, descriptive statistics like bar and pie charts were employed to examine additional data in line with the goals. The findings reveal that a whopping 79% of residents in these estates expressed satisfaction with the level of cleanliness that had been achieved, thanks to local waste collectors' efforts of Ola Jendor Int’l company, Samelu company, Juvinco company, and Zero Waste company. This is explained by the fact that the resident also observed waste spilling out of bins or containers, bad odors, and littered areas due to infrequent or delayed waste collection in their region. It is concluded that no single waste collection option can be employed in isolation for Solid Waste in Lagos. Disposal on waste sites is the dominant means of managing waste in the state. Therefore, recommended that properly designed and well-operated solid waste disposal sites are needed in the state, which would be sustainable. Key considerations should include proper siting and design. Keywords: Solid Waste, Waste Collection, Maintenace, Housing Estate, Lagos

EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTING IN COMBATING CORRUPTION IN NIGERIA []


ABSTRACT This paper is set out to evaluate the impact of forensic accounting in combating corruption behavior in order to ensure good corporate governance practice in the management of public fund. It is observed that the non-availability of the appropriate litigation support services in the court leading to misjudgment, loss of financial crime cases in our court system, poor corporate governance, weakness in traditional auditing and battered image of Nigeria in the international community, as major problems. The objective of this paper is to evaluate forensic accounting as antidote to curb corruption and other economic and financial crimes in Nigeria. The study will found amongst others that Forensic accounting is an effective tool to curtail corruption and other economic and financial crimes in the public sector, also that the forensic audit is an essential tool in ensuring corporate governance and appropriate litigation support in the prosecution of any corrupt practices. Based on this, the study would recommend among others, that government need to engage the service of forensic accounting to compliment efforts of other professionals, in combating corruption and other economic and financial crimes, in order to ensure good corporate governance in public sector in particular and Nigeria economy at large.

THE IMPACT OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTING SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CORRUPT PRACTICES. []


ABSTRACT Corruption implies breaking of organizational established codes, norms of behavior for the benefit of the perpetrator which in turn abuses and distorts public power and growth. Corruption is the giving, requesting, receiving or accepting of an improper advantage related to a position, office or assignment. This phenomenon has grown in Nigeria to an alarming stage necessitating the government to establish special institutions that tackle corruption cases. With the establishment of these established institutions, corruption is still view as been on the increase. Individuals perceived to be corrupt are not in most cases convicted when taking to court. This study therefore, employ a survey design to test weather forensic accounting can help in unraveling corruption. Also a test was carried out to ascertain whether anticorruption agencies workers have the requisite techniques and skills to unravel evidences that could lead to conviction of perceived corrupt elements. The study administers three hundred and eighty five questionnaires (385) to two major anticorruption agencies EFCC and ICPC using random sampling techniques. Reproach questions and hypothesis were set and tested at 5% confidence limits using student t-test and chi-square statistics. It was found at that forensic accounting skills and techniques have significant effect on helping investigators in uncovering corruption practices in the Nigerian and Nigeria institution(s) fighting corruption have adequate skills and techniques in carrying out investigation. The study further reviewed that political landscape cannot hamper on the service of anti-corruption agencies since they have the right laws to back up their fight.

SELECTION OF THE UNIT OF ELECTRIC CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS IN THE WELL ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SUBANG FIELD []


The final qualifying work on the topic "Selection of the installation of electric submersible pumps in a well on the example of the Subang field" contains 84 pages, 19 figures, 15 tables, 42 formulas. Key words: OIL, FIELD, WELL, ELECTRIC CENTRIFUGAL PUMP, PRODUCTIVITY COEFFICIENT. The object of study is the Subang oil field (West Java, Indonesia). The purpose of the final qualification work is:  Analysis of the applied ESP;  Analysis of optimization of well operation with the use of electric submersible pumps on the example of a field. In the course of the work, an analysis was made of the current state of well development at the Subang field, as well as selection technologies were considered and measures were taken to improve the efficiency of well operation using electric centrifugal pump units. Recommendations are given for improving the efficiency of well operation using electric centrifugal pump units. The design, technological, technical and operational characteristics of oil production pumps with two upper and two lower sections are considered. The economic efficiency / significance of the work lies in the development of measures to improve the efficiency of operation of electric centrifugal pump installations, which allow solving the problem: with jamming of installations, increasing the operating time of electric submersible equipment.

Development and Evaluation of a Remote Controlled Bird Scarer for Rice Farms in Igbemo-Ekiti, Nigeria []


Different methods have been employed to keep birds away from rice farms. A remote controlled bird scarer was developed in this project work. It is an ultrasonic scaring technique which involves an alarm system for scaring birds in cereal crops. The device consists of an infrared receiver sensor, a remote control, and an automatic battery charging unit, a 12 volts battery and horns. The battery powers the infrared remote control receiver which receives an infrared signal from a remote control device and then triggers an alarm. The device can produce different continuous sounds at an increasing rate. Initial testing of the device showed that it emits a sound of 120 dBA at the range of 10m. The device was evaluated at five systematically selected farms in Igbemo-Ekiti between the cropping seasons of 2021 and 2022. The evaluation exercise showed the use of the device increased the annual production of the farmer with an average of 7.7% increase. It is believed that the use of the device can lead to increased production and further improvement on the device can revolutionize the production of rice in Igbemo-Ekiti.

ANALYSES BETWEEN RISK AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS INSURANCE PERCEPTION OF CIVIL SERVANT IN RIVERS STATE []


This study examined the risk attitude and insurance perception by Rivers State Civil Servants and identifying factors influencing their awareness of potential hazards and emergencies. Additionally, it investigated the patterns of insurance uptake, revealing variations in participation rates for different insurance products. This study employed a primary source of data collection. The instrument used in the collection of data is a well-structured questionnaire. The findings revealed that the majority of Civil Servants in the region exhibit a high level of risk awareness, with approximately 62.6% recognizing the possibility of health, flood, fire incidents, and other emergencies impacting their households and communities. Life insurance demonstrated a relatively higher uptake, with approximately 37.4% of participants securing this coverage. However, health insurance and property insurance had lower participation rates, with 20.1% and 26.2%, respectively. Regarding the diverse attitudes towards insurance among Civil Servants, and the drivers behind positive and negative perceptions of insurance as a risk management tool. This study contributes significantly to the body of knowledge on insurance and risk management within the Civil Servant community in Rivers State. The insights garnered from this research lay the groundwork for policymakers, insurers, and other stakeholders to design effective initiatives aimed at promoting insurance awareness, uptake, and overall risk management practices. Additionally, the findings highlight areas for further exploration, guiding future research endeavors to improve insurance coverage and financial security in the region. Keywords: Insurance, Risk perception, Rivers State, Risk Awareness, Civil Servants.

IDENTIFICATION OF LOCAL KNOWLEDGE EMPLOYED BY THE FLOOD-PRONE COMMUNITIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA []


Food-prone communities having regularly experienced flooding seem to have developed local knowledge in their assumption that it will help reduce the disaster risk. Such local knowledge is only an informal and unscientific local way of attempting to combat the risks. Despite the local knowledge and other efforts by these flood-prone communities there seem to be more risk as the communities continually suffer the risks. This study assessed local knowledge for disaster risk reduction in flood-prone communities in Rivers State. The study used cross-sectional research design through survey in three local government namely: Ahoada West, Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni and Obio/Akpor which a total of 400 copies of questionnaire were administered in the flood-prone communities. The results shows that embeddedness of local and indigenous local knowledge in community practices which has gained a niche in disaster risk reduction has led to the development of time-test knowledge and method for preparing, mitigating, responding and recovering form impact of natural hazards. Keywords: Hazard, Flood, Risk, Local Knowledge and Disaster.

ASSESSMENT OF FIRE HAZARD PREPAREDNESS OF MAJOR MARKETS IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS []


This work seeks to access fire disaster preparedness of major markets in Port Harcourt metropolis of Rivers State. To access fire disaster preparedness in the markets, access fire risk and reduction strategies in the markets, analyse the perceptions and awareness level of stakeholders about fire disaster preparedness and reduction strategies. In doing this, we carried surveys as it were the most common form of research method for collection of primary data as a methodology from which we identified that various programmes which are meant to keep the traders abreast on fire disaster management are not functional, government and non-governmental organisation did not establish or provide emergency trust fund, market fire disaster preparedness and reduction strategy were not effective, most installation in the markets were not done properly. Finally, the traders should be sensitised with the new method of protection. Consequently, we recommended that those officials of government agencies involve in emergency operations should ensure that emergency facilities placed in the market are functional, both government and non-governmental agencies should sensitize the traders in the market, the traders and officials of the market develop preparedness strategy that should involve adequate readiness of fire fighting personnel and also fire drills should be done once in a month to make the people prepared, government should be able to establish fire station in each of the market with stand by fire personnel.

THE USE OF BIMODAL VOTERS ACCREDITATION SYSTEM (BVAS) IN NIGERIA ELECTIONS: USER’S PERCEPTION []


ABSTRACT Nigerian voting system is characterized by violence and malpractices, where some people use another person’s voting card to vote and many have more than one voter’s card in their possession, which allows them to vote more than once. This paper set out to investigate users’ perception of the new Bimodal Voters Accreditation System (BVAS) that was introduced in 2023 for the Nigerian general election. Utilizing a questionnaire survey of registered voters in Delta State Nigeria, The study revealed voters' perceptions as it regards how satisfied they are with the BVAS, their opinion about the functionality, acceptance, security, and accuracy of the system, their likelihood of using the BVAS for future elections in Nigeria, and their attitude towards the use of technology in the electoral process. The problems identified are not peculiar to Nigeria alone but include countries that are using a manual method of voting system. To combat the problems mentioned above, many solutions have been implemented to ensure credible elections. Some existing methods include the use of paper ballots, card readers, and punched cards, and the most recent method is the use of the Bimodal Voters Accreditation System (BVAS) which uses a fingerprint and facial capture to authenticate a voter. Although the current solutions reduced election malpractices and the amount of time they spend in the queue. There still exist some loopholes and dissatisfactions. The study was conducted using quantitative analysis methodology to identify the key issues with the existing system, Voters’ opinions on several issues such as the Functionality, Ease of Use, Acceptance of the existing system, and Security were sampled from a population size of 400. The Problems identified in the existing system include; a high rate of compromise because of the weak security features of the existing system. In conclusion, this study provides useful insight into users' perception of the Bimodal Voters Accreditation System, which electoral institutions, government, and political parties should take into consideration when implementing electronic voting systems for future elections. It is recommended thorough assessment should be carried out on the technical aspect of the system, with more emphasis on ensuring the security of systems and sensitizing the public on how to use the system. Furthermore, the government should consider more authentication systems that can be used in the event of technical difficulties for the conduct of future elections.

REVOLUTIONIZING HEALTHCARE: SMART HEALTH PREDICTION SYSTEMS UTILIZING DATA MINING TECHNIQUES []


This paper provides an overview of data mining techniques and their applications in clinical predictions with enhanced accuracy and efficiency, particularly in the fields of medicine and education. The increasing availability of large amounts of medical and healthcare data, coupled with the limitations of human processing capabilities, underscores the need for data mining to aid in diagnosis and treatment planning. The primary goal is to assess the effectiveness of data mining techniques in healthcare and clinical decision-making to facilitate accurate decisions. The paper delves into various medical data mining techniques that can enhance different aspects of clinical predictions. Data mining, a powerful technology within the field of computer science, involves extracting valuable insights and patterns from existing databases, leveraging machine learning and database management. This process encompasses tasks such as clustering, forecasting, path analysis, and predictive analysis. The paper highlights the utilization of the Naïve Bayes Classifier for intelligent health predictions, explaining how it calculates the likelihood of illness based on learned characteristics during training. Patients and users benefit from this approach by gaining early disease prediction insights and a clearer understanding of their condition, enabling them to engage in consultations with specialized doctors. The system's efficacy is demonstrated through comprehensive experimentation and comparative analysis, showcasing its potential to revolutionize proactive healthcare management. By enabling timely interventions and personalized recommendations, this smart health prediction system contributes to improving individual well-being and reducing healthcare costs.

SKILL NEEDS IN REJUVENATING EXISTING FORST TREES IN AN APIARY IN THE SAVANNA AREAS OF KANO STATE []


This work was conducted in the Savanna Zone of Northwest Kano State, Nigeria, in the demonstration garden of the Federal College of Education, (T) Bichi. This study aimed to identify the skills required by agricultural education students for rejuvenation of older trees for all-year-round blossoming of flowers in an apiary. Two research questions and a null hypothesis were advanced, and the study was mixed research. The practical aspect of the work was done in the demonstration farm of the college of education, while the survey part was with a validated questionnaire, completed by modern honeybee farmers in the area and agricultural lecturers in two tertiary institutions in the zone. The findings showed that most of the skills were required by agricultural education students as they exceeded the decision mean of the study. In the test of the hypothesis, it was found that there was a significant difference in the opinion of modern honeybee farmers from that of the lecturers of agricultural education. Hence, the hypothesis that there was no significant difference in the opinion of modern honeybee farmers and that of lecturers was rejected. The report concluded with a list of recommendations. Among the recommendations were that practical teaching of apiculture be carried out with agricultural education students and that bee-loving plants should be documented for further use by local bee farmers. The formation of cooperatives is one act that can help improve bee farming in developing countries for sustainable beekeeping.

A Functional Perspective in Okpanachi's Corruption and U Tamsi's A Game of Cheat Heart. []


In order to understand the significance of social dimension in work (s) of art/ communication, this work begins its analysis from the text, examining its overall structure as a slate on which ideological context are inscribed at various levels. The paper examines the lexical choices made by the poets in order to understand the world that they seek to project. And comes out with the findings that Functional Perspective to poetry analysis shows profound details in surfacing the interconnected circuits of lexical elements, social context and how they function in the texts to create network of meanings, as well as immerse the reader into the world that the poets unravel. Overall, the texts aid to ground the notion that language is a semiotic for culture; through linguistic choices, the reader gains profound insight into the rich society, culture of the pre-colonial Congo and the state of the Nigerian nation; the tyrannical rulers who seek to undermine the masses.

Étude sociodemographique des connaissance, attitudes et pratiques des éleveurs pour la lutte contre les maladies ovines et les ectoparasites dans le Département des Bamboutos, Ouest-Cameroun. []


L’élevage des ovins est l’une des plus importantes activités du secteur agricole au Cameroun et joue un rôle important aux niveaux nutritionnel, économique, environnemental et culturel. Le niveau de connaissance des éleveurs peut influencer la productivité de cette activité. Le présent travail avait pour objectif d’évaluer les connaissances et de déterminer les attitudes et pratiques des éleveurs de moutons pour la lutte contre les maladies ovines et les ectoparasites dans le Département des Bamboutos. Les données collectées en novembre et Décembre 2021, ont été obtenues à partir d’une fiche d’enquête standard comprenant 42 questions auxquelles répondaient les éleveurs après libre signature d’un consentement éclairé. Cette enquête a révélé que les moutons de cette zone sont élevés soit en pâturage continu soit en claustration. Les éleveurs ont révélés que les contraintes à leur activité sont les maladies et parasites (diarrhée, lymphadénite, écoulement nasal, toux, piétin, amaigrissement, gale, tremblote, et tiques) ; les mortalités (qui ont pour cause la diarrhée (68%), les maladies infectieuses (32 %), la malnutrition (11.1%), les accidents (11.1%), les empoisonnements (14.8%) et le manque de pâturage. Ces éleveurs luttent contre ces contraintes en utilisant des médicaments et autres produits qui sont principalement : l’ivermectin (74%), la terramycine (20%) et le capsidor (14%). Les éleveurs de moutons du Département des Bamboutos doivent améliorer leurs techniques de gestion des troupeaux ; adopter des plans prophylactiques et faire appel aux personnels vétérinaires adéquats pour le traitement des cas de maladie afin d’améliorer la rentabilité de leur activité. Mots clés : élevage, maladies, mortalité, ovins, pâturage, productivité, traitement.

Impact du crédit financier sur la croissance économique du Mali []


Ce papier traite l’impact du crédit financier sur la croissance économique du Mali, en utilisant un modèle ARDL de cointégration, sur la période de 1980 à 2020. Les données proviennent de la base de données de la banque mondiale et les résultats montrent que le crédit bancaire accordé au secteur prive impacte positivement et significativement la croissance économique au Mali. Par contre, le crédit intérieur impacte négativement et significativement la croissance économique au Mali. Mots clés : secteur financier, croissance économique, ARDL de cointégration, crédit bancaire accordé au secteur privé et crédit intérieur.

Time and the Solar System, a human brain condition and perception biologically limited by Darwinian evolution. []


Basically the article is a question about Time, considering the Solar System, where it addresses Kepler's Laws, Isaac Newton's Universal Gravitation, Albert Einstein's Restricted and General Relativity linked with Quantum Reality and Darwinian Evolution and the cerebral limit condition of perception of life by humans on Earth, a condition of adaptation through the Time of the Solar System of life on Earth from the perspective of it being a body in the Galactic Universe Reference, just as Einstein started from Mach's Principle to describe Special and General Relativity considering the Center of Mass of the Universe.

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN MINING VERSUS INVESTOR PROTECTION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO []


Speaking about the question of the legal regime of investments in the mining sector Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), arose the problem of the meeting between capital and development of this state of affairs that warnings remain considered as an added value that can meet the needs of the population. In view of the content of the subject which has been the subject of this study, we can in no way claim to have been exhaustive. Nevertheless, we are convinced that we have to the extent of our means, emphasized the essence of the matter that we have set ourselves to analyze. It is therefore a typical example of a regulation that has become increasingly complex over the years. This defect was accentuated by the large number of texts sometimes very old and fragmented. The fragmentation of rules applicable to foreign investment in the DRC causes more problems than it solves. It is therefore incumbent on the Congolese State to pursue a strategic policy to put its investment law in order, with a view to improving the business climate, which is undermined by corruption, and thus attracting many foreign investors and investments to its territory.

Unraveling the Intricacies of K-Means Clustering in Machine Learning: From Fundamentals to Real-world Applications []


Machine learning is a field that revolves around uncovering hidden patterns and structures in data. One of the fundamental techniques used for this purpose is clustering, which groups data points based on their similarities. K-Means Clustering is one of the most widely used clustering algorithms in machine learning. This comprehensive article will delve into the intricacies of the K-Means Clustering algorithm, covering its underlying concepts, the step-by-step process, and real-world examples. By the end of this article, you will have a deep understanding of how K-Means works and how to apply it to various data analysis tasks.

Monitoring of Land Use/Land Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing Satellite Imageries in Dutse Urban Area, Jigawa State, Nigeria []


Abstract The study examined land use/cover changes in the Dutse urban area, Jigawa State, Nigeria using remote sensing satellite imageries derived from Landsat satellite data. Different image processing techniques for analysing the images were utilised to detect land use/land cover changes in the period of study. The maximum likelihood classifier was used for the extraction of LULC classes over different periods of study. A land change modeler (LCM) was applied to detect the extent and magnitude of the land area of each class. The results revealed approximately 77.63 km2 of built-up land during 1998, which increased to 120.30 km2 in 2020; the rock outcrops area decreased from 85.48 km2 in 1998 to 81.96 km2 in 2020, the cultivable and uncultivable lands diminished from 334.83 km2 to 295.68km2 during 2020. A transition probability matrix results showed the area extent of rock outcrop, while presumptively, cultivable, and uncultivable land areas would be taken over by built-up area with about 19.70% and 28.13% respectively. The built-up land has a probability as high as 52.18% to remain as built-up land in 2020. Landsat data provides desirable information regarding land use and land cover patterns of changes essentially useful to stakeholders, town planners, and other related fields concerning the spatial growth and expansion of urban areas. Keywords: Landsat; urban; LULC; modeler; spatial, stakeholders

Existence and Uniqueness of Solution of an HIV/AIDS transmission dynamics Model lncorporating Screening and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) []


HIV is one of the deadly diseases human kind has ever faced, with profound social economic and public health consequences. The increasing trends of HIV pose a significant public health concern to the health sector, public health workers, the government and the whole world at large. As at today, there is yet no complete cure for HIV/AIDS. Many researchers and public health workers are still working hard to curtail and control the disease. In this study, a mathematical model for transmission model is formulated considering screening and treatment with highly active and antiretroviral therapy and the existence of it's unique solution is rigorously investigated.

ASSESSMENT OF GOVERNMENT AGENCIES IN RESPONSE TO DISASTER EVENTS IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA []


The study focuses on the assessment of government agencies in Response to disaster events in South-South, Nigeria. The study cut-across Rivers, Bayelsa and Delta and questionnaires were distributed among National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) in the study area. From outcome, 51% (456) of the respondents strongly agree that Government agencies presence are not felt during disasters, while 47% (428) of the respondents agree that Government agencies presence are not felt during disasters in the study area 2% (16) of the respondents disagree that Government agencies presence is not felt during disasters. . There should be a collaboration between faith-based organizations and government agencies during times of disaster relief as this will enable both to act in the same direction making their presence felt in the grassroots territory.

New Paradigm of Thinking []


ABSTRACT Scientific knowledge can be advanced by accepting new paradigms in the social world. Researchers and scientists’ discoveries a new knowledge and facts that were previously hidden from academia and practitioners due to multiple reasons. Proactive leadership always transforms the organization with a new thinking in the contemporary social world. “Leadership makes or breaks organizations.” Therefore, every aspect of leadership should be analyzed prudently; styles, types, reasons, and rewards, so that effective leadership can be appropriately placed and applied to accept new thinking to survive and compete with the dynamic environment of the business world. Considering the turbulent environment organizations are required to broaden one’s horizons by investigating the existing reality of their situations. Scholars, practitioners, and leaders displaying strong leadership communication skills can foster trust, instill motivation in others, and help team members be as productive as possible. Leadership communication skills form clear connections among your team members, fostering a stronger sense of community among everyone. From communicating with team members to keeping executives updated on daily operations, leaders must be able to effectively communicate in a variety of ways with all types of people. Keywords: Scientific Knowledge, New paradigms, scholar-practitioners, proactive leadership, contemporary social world, new thinking, effective communication skills, and turbulent environment.

Globalization and Education Policy in Somalia []


Abstract The present study aims to explore how globalization affected the education policy of Somalia. It looks at the issue from both positive and negative perspectives. It highlights how best Somalia’s education policy can adapt itself to challenges brought about by globalization. Somalia, a nation attempting to rebuild its institutions after a conflict, has seen a substantial impact of globalization on education policy. While resources like funding, technology, and instructional materials have been made available by globalization, it has also created difficulties in matching global goals with local needs. Through STEM education and international standards, there is a focus on creating a workforce that can compete on a global scale; nevertheless, this could jeopardize Somali culture and local authority. Foreign finance has increased enrollment and access, but it has also weakened local control and increased dependency on outside funds. Due to globalization, problems including inequality, privatization, and brain drain have increased. Despite some modifications that have been made, Somalia still requires balanced education policies that take both regional needs Keywords: Education, Education Policy, Effect, Globalization, Impact,

A study to determine the effect of automated processes on warehouse efficiency; 3PL warehouses in Sri Lanka []


Warehousing is one of the primary value adding elements in a supply chain and effective warehouse operations are likely to minimize issues such, labor shortages, high truck turnaround times, manual errors and inventory inaccuracies. Moreover, it is the most commonly outsourced function in Sri Lanka. Automation of basic processes in a 3PL warehouses such as receiving, storing, inventory management and order picking opens up opportunities for driving towards operational efficiency. Multiple means of automated processes under warehousing context exist globally, even though Sri Lanka is at its infancy. Similarly, the number of studies which has been carried out considering the use of automated processes in Sri Lankan 3PL warehouses is very limited. This study preliminary focuses on determining the impact of four main automated processes; AGVs, drones, WMSs and RFID, identified through literature on warehouse efficiency. Secondly, factors contributing to warehouse efficiency has been explored. Finally a primary study has been carried via in-depth interviews and a questionnaire survey to determine the impact of automated processes on warehouse efficiency amongst Sri Lankan warehouses. Questionnaire survey has been carried out amongst management level employees of manufacturing and producing companies who has already outsourced their warehousing service and who are with the potential of outsourcing. Key words: automated process, warehouse efficiency, AGV, Drones, RFID and WMS

Variation of Response Reduction Factor for RCC Building Including Dome Shell Structure []


This study addresses the issue of the Response Reduction Factor which is used in modern codes to compare the elastic response of the structure with varying junctions of bare frame structures and top dome structures to get the related value of Response Reduction Factor. In the case of different Reinforced concrete framed buildings with storey stiffness, considering real assigned rebar in column section and different types of connections the same value of Response reduction factor for a particular case will not be suitable. The level of ductility and over-strength of Reinforced concrete buildings will be investigated by using five proposed models to vary the value of R and to find the optimum value of the Response Reduction Factor while the building may have a dome shell structure. The ductility and over strength factors are estimated by analyzing the buildings using non-linear pushover analysis for 5 designed Reinforced concrete buildings including the dome shell structure at the top story thus the stiffness represents a wide range of Reinforced concrete buildings in the context of variation of Response Reduction Factor shall be different and it is not practicable to use the same value of Response Reduction Factor as per connectivity type, composite types of connection as ductility the and response of the building will alter,. Finally, the response reduction factor of Reinforced concrete framed building is evaluated by using the relation of ductility and over strength factor, observing real data of actual assigned rebar in columns, beams and domes with different sizes, effective lengths, geometry and locations.

Applying the Principles of Therapeutic Architecture in the Design of a Drug Rehabilitation Centre. []


The concept of therapeutic architecture is gaining recognition for its potential to promote healing and well-being in healthcare environments, especially in drug rehabilitation centres. This paper explores the principles of therapeutic architecture and its application in the design of drug rehabilitation facilities. The study draws on the salutogenic theory, which emphasises factors that promote health and well-being, to inform the design strategies that support the recovery process. The literature review examines the role of therapeutic architecture in creating healing spaces and its alignment with the principles of salutogenesis. Nature-based elements, such as green spaces and natural light, have been shown to reduce anxiety and improve mood, making them crucial in drug rehabilitation centres. Colour therapy is also considered for its impact on emotions and psychological well-being. Flexible and adaptable design features are highlighted to cater to individualised treatment approaches. Two case studies, the Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment and the Rehabilitation Groot Klimmendaal, are analyzed to demonstrate the application of therapeutic design principles in drug rehabilitation centres. These case studies exhibit how open spaces, privacy, fenestrations, colour, and supportive social spaces contribute to creating a healing environment. The research methodology used a descriptive case study approach to understand the principles of therapeutic architecture in drug rehabilitation centres. The data presentation, analysis, and discussion highlight the significance and impact of the proposed drug rehabilitation centre's design components. In conclusion, therapeutic design in drug rehabilitation centres can significantly impact the recovery process by providing a supportive and healing environment. Incorporating nature-based elements, flexible spaces, and patient-centred designs can empower individuals and improve their treatment outcomes. By embracing these principles, drug rehabilitation centres can create environments that promote well-being, engagement, and sustained recovery from addiction.

Absenteeism in Rural Primary Schools: A Case of Selected Primary Schools in Luwingu District of Northern Province, Zambia. []


Absenteeism refers to the practice of regularly staying away from school without good a reason. It can also refer to the habit of staying away from school without providing a genuine or any reason for not attending classes. It is a truant behavior that negatively affects the performance among pupils. Absenteeism can lead to depression and also result in poor quality of education as a result of time lost while being away from school. It could also lead to moral degradation that leads to drug abuse, early pregnancies and unruly behavior. Hence, the study aimed at analyzing the impact of absenteeism in rural primary schools in Luwingu district of Northern province, Zambia. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: (a) To identify factors influencing absenteeism in rural primary schools in Luwingu district, (b) To assess the effects of absenteeism on the academic performance of learners in primary schools in Luwingu district and (c) To determine measures that should be taken to rectify problems of absenteeism in rural primary schools in Luwingu district. Purposive sampling of the site was preferred to select the research area from which participants participated in this study with a sample size of 120. The study employed both the qualitative and quantitative methods that sampled head teachers, primary teachers and pupils from the selected schools. Interview guides were used to obtain qualitative data which was analyzed using thematic analysis while quantitative data were collected using questionnaires which were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study found out that, learner’s absenteeism was as a result of parental poverty, lack of parental care, punishment at school, ineffective Parent Teacher Association (P.T.A), pupil’s attitude towards education and unconducive classrooms. The study therefore recommended that parents should try by all means provide their children especially those in early childhood with their basic school needs such as uniforms, books, pens, school bags and all that is needed so that they can feel comfortable and enjoy school life. Teachers on the other hand should also motivate their learners to always be in school.

Les asymétries d'information sur le marché du travail congolais []


l’asymetrie d’information permet d’expliquer pourquoi l’économie de marché conduit, contrairement à ce qu’enseigne la théorie traditionnelle, à une situation de chomage involontaire. Appliquée au marché du travail, l’asymetrie d’information aboutit à différents types d’analyse des comportements rationnels des agents (selection ou aléa moral). ce travail poursuit comme objectif principal de mettre en évidence les effets des emplois (temps partiel, contrat à durée déterminée écrit, ou autres), ainsi que des relations de travail basées sur des contrats sur la rémunération (salaire et accès aux prestations sociales) et la satisfaction, et la mobilité sur les marchés du travail de la République Démocratique du Congo et spécifiquement d’évaluer les informations non saisies (en termes d’asymétries d’information), et l’efficacité du marché de travail congolais, qui est imparfait. Après investigations sur le marché de travail congolais, nous avons établi (comme résultats) que le marché est asymétrique. En effet, globalement sur les caractéristiques salariés-employeurs (qualification, mobilité, âge, …), il y a asymétrie d’information. Un coût d’agence important de 201, 191 en millions de Francs congolais, et de 394, 8710 en Francs Congolais dans les entreprises publiques et privées. En outre, les enquêtes ont révélé que beaucoup d’employeurs rendent des informations imparfaites sur la qualification, la rémunération ainsi que le type de contrat.

JUDGING PEOPLE ON THE BASIS OF WRONG PERCEPTIONS []


Humans have a tendency to judge others based on their appearance, but this is not limited to appearance. They also judge others based on pre-existing beliefs about how other people's personalities work. Many factors influence accurate perception, including the extent to which perceivers hold correct beliefs about how behaviors reflect the characteristic being judged. This research paper discusses why humans judge the personalities of others, summarizing a wealth of existing studies from a wide range of contexts. This paper also discusses the factors that allow people to judge others and how these factors can be reduced.It describes moderator domains that influence how well perceivers can judge the personalities of others based on a process understanding (e.g., a good trait, good judgment, good target, and good information). Finally, a design-based solution is presented to highlight a set of issues that we believe are critical for future research on the accuracy of personality judgments. Keywords: Perception, Judgement, Behaviour, Opinions.

Housing Affordability among Low income Earners in Ibadan []


Abstract The paper examines affordability of Residential Houses among Low Income Earners in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Public Housing as social good which is targeted at the poor was highlighted. Income levels of residents of Owode Housing Estate and Ajoda Housing Estate in comparison with rent paid was used in determination of the affordability of Residential Houses among Low Income earners. Descriptive statistics- frequency count was adopted in data analysis. The result shows only 17.4% paid above 30% of their income on rent and most (82.6%) paid above 30% of their income on rent in the two estate. The study therefore concluded that housing is affordable to low income earners in the study area. Despite this, the study recommends strict screening of allotees of the housing estates in ensuring total occupation by the low income earners; and construction of more housing units to force down house rent and makes them totally affordable. Keywords: Housing Affordability, Low Income, Public Housing, Ibadan

Structural Attributes, Geo-electrical and Induced polarization technique for mapping Abung Magnetite in Part of Oban Massif, South-Eastern Nigeria. []


Magnetite ore deposit has magnetic properties once advances close to a magnet. These singular peculiarity was used as reconnaissance tool during surface geological mapping alongside measurement of the attitudes of the significant magnetic anomaly planes surfaces, A Compass Clinometer was used to measure about fifty two (52) attributes to ascertain the regional trend and strikes to aid in design of traverses. Magnetite ore deposit were evaluated for conductivity and resistivity potentials using DUK2A Resistivity system deploying 2-D dipole – Dipole array for a spread of 450 making a total of 1.8km for all the traverses. This research method can be described as ground-truth. Using Geo-electrical and Induced Polarization survey of Electrical methods which is cost efficient and relatively fast due to availability and accessibility. In this study, we examined the applicability of Magnet, Geo-electrical and Induced Polarization survey of Electrical methods to map ore bodies and country rock in order to depict potential area of magnetite ores deposit. The research interpretation of the attitudes and geophysical results are made base on geological trend and geophysical anomalies confirms magnetite prospect thus calling on the attention of federal Government to further exploration on this site. Key words: Abung, Magnetite, Oban Massif, Ground-truth, Geo-electrical, Induced Polarization, Dipole-Dipole array, Chargeability