Volume 12, Issue 10, October 2024 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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Effects of Floods on Mental Health of Adolescents in Rural Bangladesh: A Qualitative Analysis in Four Districts []


Due to Bangladesh’s geographical location, the occurrence of floods has been a common phenomenon, and one such recent catastrophic scenario was the August 2024 floods, which submerged a larger portion of the Feni, Noakhali, Comilla, and Lakshmipur districts. Out of the many losses that the floods caused, the change in the mental health conditions of the young ones is alarming. Due to their immaturity and lack of expertise in coping mechanisms, adolescents and children have been most affected by the flood and other traumatic experiences. The paper aims at dealing with the flooding aspects in terms of mental health for young people aged 14 to 22 years. This study explores the post-flood aspects such as health displacement, loss of income, disruption of education, etc. that are significant contributors to anxiety, depression, and mental distress. The theoretical background is provided by qualitative research with the help of 17 semi-structured in-depth interviews of victims – and talking to their family members – to get their emotional responses as well as fears regarding the future. It has been found that there is an ever-present problem of mental health associated with a lack of access to healthcare services, indicating that there are measures that need to be taken. This paper does not only describe the youth situation in flood-mitigating regions but also calls for the development and implementation of mental health strategies for any intervention targeted towards rehabilitation of the affected societies.

EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF OWNERSHIP STUCTURE ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE. DOES SIZE MATTER? EVIDENCE FROM OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN KENYA []


This study investigates the relationship between ownership structure, size, and financial performance among insurance firms in Kenya, highlighting the crucial role these firms play in economic development despite facing challenges related to declining financial performance. The objectives include examining the effects of managerial, institutional, and foreign ownership on financial performance, as well as assessing how size moderates these relationships. Anchored in agency, stewardship, and stakeholder theories, the research adopts an explanatory research design, analyzing secondary data from all 56 insurance firms in Kenya from 2018 to 2022. Key findings reveal that managerial, institutional, and foreign ownership negatively influence financial performance, while size serves as a synergistic moderator. The study's implications emphasize the need for refined governance frameworks by policymakers, particularly the Insurance Regulatory Authority (IRA), and suggest that management should optimize ownership compositions to improve corporate governance practices. Future research is encouraged to explore cross-sectional datasets across various sectors and regulatory contexts to deepen understanding of ownership dynamics and their impact on financial performance.

The Impact of Learning Outcomes and Education Quality on Students' Well-Being in Higher Education Institutions of Public Sector: A Cross-Sectional Reference from Pakistan []


This study examines the impact of learning outcomes and education quality on student well-being in public higher education institutions in Pakistan. Data were gathered from 384 students through a structured questionnaire, focusing on learning outcomes, education quality, and student well-being. The findings show a significant positive relationship between well-defined learning outcomes and student well-being, highlighting how fulfilling academic experiences align with personal goals, boosting satisfaction and mental health. High-quality education, characterized by a comprehensive curriculum, qualified faculty, and access to resources, plays a crucial role in enhancing students' academic success and personal development. Public institutions, despite facing challenges like limited resources and higher student-to-teacher ratios, offer diverse academic programs and research opportunities. Improving education quality in these institutions can positively affect student well-being, similar to private sector institutions. The study underscores the importance of faculty development, the integration of technology in teaching, and robust student support services, such as counseling and career guidance. Policymakers are encouraged to prioritize resource allocation to enhance education quality and student support. This research contributes valuable insights for improving student well-being in higher education and calls for further studies on pedagogical approaches and socio-economic influences.

Co-D’Go!: Effectiveness of Transcription Notes on the Academic Performance of General Biology 2 Students []


Students in the Philippines remain among the world’s weakest in math, reading, and science. With the alarming performance rate of Filipino students in these subjects and skills, teaching and learning interventions are necessary to improve their academic performance. This prompted the researchers to conduct a study on the effectiveness of transcription notes as an intervention to improve the academic performance of students. This study used a quasi-experimental quantitative research design and selected participants through purposive sampling. The participants were Grade 11 STEM - Health students taking General Biology 2, with Midterm exam scores between 20 and 50. The study used teacher-made exams covering General Biology 2 topics. Researchers prepared a midterm examination, and the students' scores were interpreted using a specific scale. Then, for four weeks, the students used transcription notes to improve their scores. After that, the students took a Final Term exam to see if the notes helped. The researchers used different statistical tools such as, Frequency Distribution Test, a Paired T-test and Independent Samples T-test. The study found that using Transcription Notes helped increase students' exam scores and that this method was equally effective for both male and female students. This suggests that introducing new strategies can improve academic performance. The researchers recommend that students and teachers use Transcription Notes in other subjects and that school administrators enhance these notes and provide training on their use. Additionally, curriculum developers should integrate this strategy into teaching, and future researchers should test its effectiveness in different subjects.

WHISTLE BLOWING MECHANISM AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA []


The aspiration for rapid economic development in Nigeria has become elusive, primarily due to persistent corruption and opportunism among public officials who are draining the economy. Corruption thrives in environments lacking accountability and transparency within public offices. The implementation of whistle-blowing mechanisms is crucial, as it fosters accountability and promotes good governance. Globally, whistle-blowing has garnered significant attention from stakeholders in both the financial and public sectors, as neglecting this practice can severely hinder sustainable economic growth and development. This study explored the relationship between whistle-blowing and economic development in Nigeria, focusing on both internal and external whistle-blowing mechanisms. The study utilized real gross domestic product (GDP) growth as an indicator of economic performance. It was grounded in the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Agency Theory, employing a mixed research design. The target population comprised federal ministries and parastatals in Nigeria, with data collected through structured questionnaires and secondary sources from the Central Bank of Nigeria's Statistical Bulletin (2018-2023). The reliability of the research instrument was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha, and data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multivariate regression. The findings indicated a significant relationship between all dimensions of whistle-blowing—both internal and external—and real GDP growth in Nigeria during the study period. Consequently, the study concluded that whistle-blowing plays a significant role in the economic development of Nigeria. It recommends the effective implementation of whistle-blowing policies in public institutions to combat pervasive corruption and emphasizes the importance of protecting whistleblowers to encourage the reporting of corrupt activities in the public sector, thereby fostering economic development.

Gestion des conflits liée au paiement de la prime locale à l'université de Mbandaka []


Le présent papier permet de faire une étude sur la situation de conflit qui prévaut au sein notre université et déterminer les pistes de solution pouvons servir à sortir de cette situation qui ne permet pas à l'université de bien accomplir ses missions sur la formation de l'élite

An Assessment on the Implementation of the Da'wah Programs of Hay-Atul Muallimeen Lid Da'wah Islaamiyyah []


Aminodin T. Maliga "AN ASSESSMENT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DA'WAH PROGRAMS OF HAY-ATUL MUALLIMEEN LID DA'WAH ISLAAMIYYAH". Master Thesis, Master of Arts in Islamic Studies, King Faisal Center for Islamic, Arabic and Asian Studies at Mindanao State University - Main Campus, Marawi City. July 2018

BOMBARDED ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES AND MENTAL WELL-BEING OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS []


Abstract Mental health issues remain prevalent nowadays, with excessive academic activities being a primary contributing factor, which is a crucial aspect in the realm of academics. This research study was quantitative, specifically employing a descriptive-correlational approach. The Simple Random Sampling Technique was utilized to select students from Grade 12 ACP, ICT, and HUMSS strands as respondents. Consequently, this study aimed to determine the significant relationship between the extent of overwhelming academic activities and the mental well-being of Senior High School students at Telafas National High School, located in Telafas, Columbio, Sultan Kudarat, for the school year 2023-2024. Based on the results of the study, bombarded academic activities specifically on homework, reports, and projects are found to be high extent among Senior High School students. Despite having peers available for assistance, other aspects such as sleep quality and stress levels were significantly affected by the academic workload. It was also concluded that mental well-being issues were linked to excessive academic demands. Moreover, results indicated a strong correlation between the extent of bombarded academic activities and the level of mental well-being of Senior High School students. Consequently, it is imperative to mitigate excessive academic pressures to prioritize the mental health of students at Telafas National High School. The research also recommended longitudinal studies for future research to track the impact of academic workload on students’ mental health over time, identifying patterns and potential long-term effects. Keywords: Bombarded Academic Activities, Mental Well-being, Descriptive Correlation, Quantitative

HIBRIDIZATION OF CRYPTOGRAPHY AND STEGANOGRAPHY ALGORITHMS IN SECURING IRIS IMAGE []


Abstract: Biometric system is used to identify a person based on their personal or physical traits. Facial, fingerprint, voice, and iris recognition are just a few of the biometric systems that are available. It is no longer safe enough to identify someone using a password or personal identification number (PIN). Iris recognition is considered to be one of the best and accurate form of biometric measurements compared to others because iris of every person is unique, it never changes during human life, time and highly protected against damage. In this work, a cipher text is embedded into a cover image by the steganography (LSB) algorithm, creating a stego image. The two level security techniques provide high embedded capacity and eminence stego images that are resistant to attackers. An iris image was generated from the MMU dataset and encrypted using the hybridize cryptography (Blowfish and AES) algorithm. Only a PNG image was used as the master or cover file.

Le manuel scolaire à l’ère du numérique : quels défis pour l'éducation ? []


Le manuel scolaire format imprimé ou numérique joue un rôle primordial dans l’apprentissage de différentes disciplines en générale et dans l’enseignement /apprentissage du français en particulier. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter une étude explorant la place et le rôle du manuel scolaire imprimé dans le système éducatif marocain, notamment dans le contexte de la digitalisation croissante de l'éducation. En effet, La charte nationale de l'éducation et de la formation au Maroc recommande l'intégration de supports numériques, cependant la réalité sur le terrain diverge de cette visée. Cette étude expose de manière fluide la coexistence du manuel scolaire imprimé et des potentialités du numérique dans le système éducatif marocain, tout en mettant en avant les défis à relever pour assurer une transition réussie vers une éducation plus numérique.

Insights into Same-Sex Student Relationships in a Catholic College in the Philippines: A Case Study []


This study investigates the experiences of same-sex relationships among male college students at a Catholic institution. It aims to uncover the complexities these students face while navigating their relationships within a religious context. Employing a qualitative research design with an instrumental case study, this study makes use of Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis framework to interpret the collected data gathered through semi-structured interviews with three participants from a Catholic school in Mindanao, Philippines. This study shows that male college students on Catholic campuses deal with the complexities of same-sex relationships by staying modest, making tough life choices, and encountering little bullying. They handle these challenges with social support, by balancing their personal choices with school rules, and by embracing self-acceptance and openness, while hoping for more inclusiveness. An important implication of this research is its impact on the broader Catholic community. Despite official Church teachings, same-sex relationships are a reality for many individuals. By examining the experiences of male students in same-sex relationships, researchers can foster a deeper understanding within the Catholic community on how to support and affirm LGBTQ+ individuals while respecting Church teachings. Coping strategies identified in the study include seeking social support, separating personal choices from school policies, embracing self-acceptance, and hoping for more inclusivity. The study emphasizes the need to better understand how sexuality, identity, and faith intersect and calls for a more inclusive and supportive environment in Catholic communities. It also looks at how effective LGBTQ+ support groups and resources are in Catholic institutions and their impact on student well-being. Keywords: Same-Sex Relationships, Catholic Institution, Male College Students, LGBTQ+ Support, Case Study

THE VALENZUELA MANDATORY DISCLOSURE PROGRAM: TOWARDS AN EFFECTIVE LOCAL GOVERNMENT TRANSPARENCY OPERATION POLICY []


Transparency and accountability are fundamental principles of good governance. In recent years, many local governments in the Philippines have implemented disclosure programs to promote transparency and enhance citizens' access to information. The Disclosure Program implemented by the Valenzuela City government is one such initiative. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this program in promoting transparency and accountability. This paper employed a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys and interviews with residents and government officials, as well as document analysis of program reports and relevant policies. The study focuses on four key areas: the accessibility of information, the completeness of information, the usefulness of information, and the accountability of local officials. The findings of this study will be relevant not only to the Valenzuela City government but also to other local governments in the Philippines and beyond. The research contributes to the growing body of literature on disclosure programs and their effectiveness in promoting transparency and accountability. The paper is significant because it addresses a critical gap in the literature. While many studies have examined the impact of disclosure programs on financial transparency, few have focused on their broader impact on governance and accountability. The paper will provide insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the Valenzuela City Disclosure Program and highlight areas for improvement.

Bridging the Gap: An In-Depth Analysis of the Relationship between Natural and Social Sciences []


In order to find viable integration paths, this research aims to explore the intricate relationship between social science and natural science. To this end, the study will be conducted with this objective in mind. An examination of eight different attempts to bring together information from various fields into a single framework reveals that it has been challenging for researchers to come up with a thorough grasp of sustainability. Nonetheless, it seems that the most sensible course of action is to adopt a pluralistic perspective that can take into account different ontological presumptions. This study pushes for inclusive policies that address the societal and natural aspects of sustainability and highlights the role that academic institutions play in supporting interdisciplinary research frameworks. To further the field of sustainability science, future research should give priority to investigating the practical implications of pluralism, assessing interdisciplinary frameworks, and examining ontological distinctions. Keywords: Interdisciplinary Research, Social Science, Natural Science, Ontology, Pluralism, Unificationism.

Unlocking Privacy in Blockchain: Exploring Zero-Knowledge Proofs and Secure Multi-Party Computation Techniques []


As blockchain technology continues to evolve, the pursuit of privacy has become a significant challenge. Although the transparency and immutability of blockchain are essential features, they can unintentionally expose sensitive information. This paper investigates the potential of Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) and Secure Multi-Party Computation (SMPC) as innovative solutions to address these privacy concerns. ZKPs facilitate the verification of information without disclosing the underlying data, thereby enhancing privacy in transactions and identity verification processes. Meanwhile, SMPC enables collaborative computations while preserving the confidentiality of inputs, which is vital for industries such as finance and healthcare. Despite their potential, these technologies encounter challenges related to complexity, scalability, and regulatory compliance. This study offers a thorough analysis of ZKPs and SMPC, their applications, and the ethical implications involved, providing valuable insights into their role in creating a secure and privacy-conscious blockchain ecosystem.

UTILIZATION OF ALGEBRAIC EQUATION METHOD IN TEACHING BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS []


In the University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao – Junior High School Unit, Chemistry is taught as a subject of Grade 9 students, unlike most schools which introduce chemistry in Junior High School as early as Grade 7 since they observe the spiral curriculum. Balancing chemical equations is one of the recurring difficulties of students in chemistry. This study aimed to improve students’ knowledge and skills on balancing chemical equations using an algebraic equation method and determine the effectiveness of the said intervention among Grade 9 students at the University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao. The study utilized the randomized pre-test/post-test design quasi-experimental approach to determine the effectiveness of the algebraic equation method. The respondents constituted 165 students of Grade 9 Patience, Honesty, Generosity, and Friendship of the University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao. Grade 9 Patience and Grade 9 Generosity were part of the control group, whereas Grade 9 Honesty and Friendship constituted the experimental group. The teachers administered a pre-test and a post-test relative to the introduction of the algebraic equation method. The pre-test and post-test were administered to the students face-to-face in their respective classrooms during their science class. The program was implemented in February 2024. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between the pre-test scores of the experimental group and control group. There is also a significant difference between the post-test scores of the experimental group and control group. These results suggest that the intervention method is effective in enhancing students’ capacity in balancing chemical equations.

School-Community Collaboration in Basic Education: A Historical Profile of Northern Ghana (1852-2008) []


Abstract Basic education is at the heart of national development, playing a crucial role in eliminating illiteracy, a key driver of poverty (Nugba et al., 2021). Despite various initiatives by successive governments to improve educational outcomes in Ghana, particularly in rural areas, performance gaps persist between rural public schools and urban private schools. The Northern Region of Ghana, including the North East and Savannah regions, has consistently recorded below-average results in the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE). For instance, the pass rates in these areas between 2015 and 2020 fell well below the national average of 50%, with the highest score recorded at 43.2% in 2020 (Ghana News Agency, 2021). This paper explores the characteristics of school-community collaboration in the delivery of basic education in Northern Ghana from 1852 to 2008, examining how the relationship between schools and communities has evolved and its impact on educational outcomes. Utilizing a qualitative approach and drawing from archival documents, interviews, and thematic content analysis, the study profiles key aspects of collaboration, including the roles played by school management committees (SMCs), parent-teacher associations (PTAs), and local education officials. The findings indicate that while informal, community-driven education predated the arrival of Western education in the region, colonial and post-colonial reforms centralized the educational system, often sidelining local collaboration. However, recent efforts to re-integrate community involvement in educational planning and delivery have shown mixed results. The study recommends a more decentralized, bottom-up approach to basic education policy, emphasizing the need for local stakeholders to take a leading role in education planning and supervision. Keywords: School-Community Collaboration, Basic Education, Northern Ghana, Educational outcomes, Decentralized Education Policy

Gestion du stress liée au diabète de type 2 et adhésion au processus de guérison : comment vivre aussi longtemps que possible avec son diabète de type 2 []


Résumé : le diabète de type 2 est une maladie potentiellement réversible. Une bonne gestion du stress consécutif à cette maladie peut déboucher vers l’adoption des comportements sains permettant au sujet atteint de cette maladie de vivre aussi longtemps que possible avec sa pathologie. Parmi les comportements sains relatifs au diabète, on a principalement : la pratique du sport, la prise régulière des médicaments et l’adoption d’un régime alimentaire approprié. Dans le présent article, il ne s’agit pas seulement de présenter comment l’adoption des comportements sains relatifs au diabète de type 2 peut reverser la courbe de la maladie voir conduire à la guérison, mais de montrer comment une bonne gestion du stress est un maillon essentiel pour l’adoption des comportements sains et partant permettre au diabétique de type 2 de vivre aussi longtemps que possible avec sa maladie. Mots clés : diabète de type 2, le stress, gestion du stress, guérison, adhésion au processus de guérison

THE CONTRIBUTION OF PEACEFUL SPORTS IN PEACEBUILDING []


This study conceptualized to find out the role of sports in peacebuilding. Sports have the unique ability to break down barriers of hinder making them an integral part of any effort to establish peace. There is no doubt that for young people uprooted from their homes by war or persecution, sport can provide them with an opportunity to heal, develop and grow, as well as an opportunity to feel included and protected. The grand mean of the importance of the sports was 3.74 which with the description of “very important”. This emphasizes that sport plays a vital role in our lives and there is no doubt that it has a positive effect on people in many ways. The building peace was 3.67 with the description of “highly evident”. This result means that sports have the benefit of building peace through the power of competition. The students’ reason in joining clubs were rated 3.75 which interpreted highly evident. This means that in many cases, students join clubs because of their own interests, and this is one of the most common reasons why they join a club. The contribution of sports in Peacebuilding were 3.81 which were interpreted highly evident. These results means that the role that sports play in building peace is something that cannot be underestimated. The study concludes that students become involved in sports clubs and activities so that they can benefit in the long run since sports play a significant role in the maintenance of peace among nations. Based on the findings and conclusion of this study the researcher strongly recommend to make the student's experience more enjoyable, the university may intensify its sports programs and may join another type of club in order to boost their other skills to the next level. Keywords: Peaceful Sports, Peacebuilding, Cotabato State University, Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF DENR ENFORCEMENT UNIT IN DAVAO REGION []


The main objective of this study is the estimation of technical efficiency and productivity of Community Environment and Natural Resource Offices (CENROs) environmental law enforcement units in the Davao Region from 2010 to 2018. The environmental law enforcement units of CENRO-Baganga, Davao Oriental, CENRO- Lupon, Davao Oriental, CENRO- Manay, Davao Oriental, CENRO- Mati, Davao Oriental, CENRO-Monkayo, Davao Oriental, CENRO-Davao City, Davao del Sur, CENRO-Digos City, Davao del Sur, CENRO- Malalag, Davao del Sur, CENRO-Maco, Compostela Valley, Province, CENRO-New Corella, Davao del Norte, and CENRO- Panabo City, Davao del Norte are evaluated. There were eight inputs for and three outputs of environmental law enforcement units that were considered in this study. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate the technical efficiencies and the Malquist Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Indices. Results showed that only seven CENROs’ – CENRO-Baganga, CENRO-Davao City, CENRO-Lupon, CENRO-Malalag, CENRO-Manay, CENRO-New Corella and CENRO-Panabo City – Environmental Law Enforcing Units were operating with technical efficiency, under the VRS assumption, from 2010 to 2018. Malmquist Index Summary of Firm Means revealed that Environmental Law Enforcing Units of CENRO-New Corrella, CENRO-Davao City, CENRO-Baganga, CENRO-Panabo, CENRO-Digos City, CENRO-Manay and CENRO-Malalag were productive performers. Keywords: Effeciency, Productivity, DENR Enforcement Unit, Davao Region

RECENT ADVANCES IN APPLICATIONS OF GRAPH THEORY []


The field of mathematics plays vital role in various fields. One of the important areas in mathematics is Graph theory. The era of graph theory began with Euler in the year 1735 to solve the well-known problem of the Königsberg Bridge. In the modern age, graph theory is an integral component of computer science, artificial engineering, machine learning, deep learning, data science, and social net-works. Modern Applications of Graph Theory discusses many cutting-edge applications of graph theory, such as traffic networks, navigable networks and optimal routing for emergency response, and graph-theoretic approaches to molecular epidemiology. In this paper describe the description and recent applications of graph theory

CHALLENGES FACED BY TRIBAL LEADERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS IN THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S COMMUNITIES IN SOUTH UPI, MAGUINDANAO DEL SUR []


This study described the challenges faced by tribal leaders in the implementation of peace & development programs in the indigenous people’s communities in South Upi, Maguindanao Del Sur. The exploratory qualitative-descriptive research design was used in the study. An in-depth interview was employed as the data-gathering technique. The researcher involved ten (10) members of tribal councils of Tёduray and Lambangian tribes in Barangay Kuya and Barangay Itaw South Upi Maguindanao Del Sur, respectively. The study found the following: The peace and development programs implemented in the Indigenous Peoples communities were Livelihood, Provision of Agricultural Machinery, and Infrastructure. The strategies applied by the tribal leaders to support the peace and development programs implemented in the Indigenous Peoples communities; Peacebuilding, Inclusion in the Advocacy of Indigenous Peoples' Rights, Participation in Community Development Conferences, and Women Empowerment. The challenges faced by the tribal leaders in the implementation of peace and development programs in the Indigenous Peoples' communities are; Discrimination, Lack of Recognition, Armed Conflict, Land Conflict, Geographically Isolated Areas, Lack of Education, and Diversity Loss. The strategies of the tribal leaders to overcome the challenges faced; General Assembly and Collaboration. Keywords: Challenges, Indigenous People's Community, Peace and Development Programs, Strategies, Tribal Leader

Dissecting the Effect and Challenges Of Intelligence Coordination As Method Of Effective Counter-Insurgence In Nigeria. []


Counter-insurgency efforts in Nigeria, particularly against groups like Boko Haram and ISWAP (Islamic State in West Africa Province), have faced significant challenges despite substantial military and intelligence resources. One critical strategy that holds potential for greater success is intelligence coordination. This paper explores the impact and challenges of intelligence coordination in Nigeria’s counter-insurgency operations. It argues that effective intelligence-sharing and collaboration between military, police, and intelligence agencies are crucial in curbing insurgency. However, issues such as inter-agency rivalry, poor communication infrastructure, bureaucratic red tape, and mistrust between local communities and security forces undermine these efforts. Additionally, the decentralized nature of insurgent groups, evolving tactics, and the vast, difficult terrain further complicate intelligence operations. Through a dissection of Nigeria’s current intelligence coordination mechanisms, the study highlights areas of weakness and provides recommendations for enhancing cooperation, improving technology, and fostering trust to boost the overall effectiveness of counter-insurgency operations. The paper concludes that while intelligence coordination is vital, overcoming institutional and operational challenges is key to realizing its full potential in Nigeria's ongoing fight against insurgency.

Challenges of Using the “Balance Score Card” (BSC) Framework to Serve as a Basis for Strategic Decisions and Reforms in a Public Sector Organization []


The Balance Score Card (BSC) is a strategic management tool used to measure and improve an organization’s performance. However, implementing the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) framework in public sector organizations poses numerous challenges. These challenges can be categorized into lack of clear goals and objectives, bureaucratic structure of public sector organizations, resource constraints, lack robust data management systems, stakeholder complexity, data management, resistance to change, diverse stakeholders, maintaining momentum, challenge of overemphasis on financial metrics and complexity and time-consuming nature of the Balanced Scorecard. The study underscores that addressing these challenges requires clear understanding of the organization’s goals and objectives, careful planning, leadership commitment, and a willingness of stakeholders to adapt and evolve.

IMPACT DE L’APPROCHE PAR SITUATION (APS) DANS L’ASSIMILATION DU SAVOIR ESSENTIEL « FORCE » CHEZ LES APPRENANTS DE PREMIERE ANNEE DES HUMANITES SCIENTIFIQUES DE LA VILLE DE KANANGA. []


Le titre de notre article est l’impact de l’APS dans l’assimilation du savoir essentiel « force » chez les apprenants de première année des humanités scientifiques de la ville de Kananga. Notre problème était de vérifier si l’APS a l’impact sur l’assimilation du savoir essentiel « force » et cela à l’aide d’une épreuve de physique que nous avons posé aux élèves de première année classés en deux groupes ; un expérimental qui avait suivi toutes les formations et un encadrement sur l’APS et l’autre de Contrôle. Après la présentation, l’analyse et l’interprétation des résultats. En comparant les résultats de deux groupe à l’aide du Test-t de comparaison des moyennes de réussites pour échantillons indépendants, l’analyse montre que la valeur de la signification des variances est 0,000 qui est inférieure à 0,05, cela prouve que le groupe Expérimental a présenté une meilleure performance que le groupe de contrôle ; donc l’utilisation rationnelle de l’APS a l’impact sur l’assimilation du savoir essentiel « force » et améliore le rendement des apprenants. En termes de pourcentage, le groupe expérimental a obtenu 61% et le groupe de contrôle 40%. Mots clés : Force, impact, approche par situations (APS), assimilation et rendement

Integrating Sustainability into Global Sports Marketing: The Case of Forest Green Rovers []


Abstract The world's first carbon-neutral vegan matchday Forest Green Rovers (FGR) and the club FGR developed a unique global marketing campaign. FGR's environmental sensibilities are different from anything else in sport. The research deeply explores why FGR wanted to go global, its struggles in various countries, and how cultural differences can alter consumer attitudes towards sustainability, vegetarian lifestyles, and eco-consciousness. It also Appraises the performance of FGR global marketing strategies in product development, brand positioning, messaging, and penetration. The marketing is worldwide (even with a more local scope). Therefore, we will end this paper by highlighting some critical recommendations for FGR that they can use to improve their market worldwide and continue their position in green sports. Print FGR, the world's first carbon-neutral and vegan football club, put its ground-breaking global advertising campaign under the microscope for this research. FGR's commitment to sustainability has introduced the first environmental standards in sports. The reasons why FGR decided to expand into foreign countries, the difficulties it has faced so far, and how the cultural gaps have affected customers' perspectives on sustainability, vegetarianism, and environmental consciousness are some of the stories explained in this article. It also assesses the global practices of these four functions by FGR, marketing strategy at different organizational levels (product creation and brand positioning/communication), and beyond business borders (market penetration). A qualitative methodology based on secondary data collection and case study analysis will be used in this research. The recommendations outlined in the report will help FGR embed its sustainable sports ethos even further, spearheaded by marketing strategies to seize opportunities and maintain the sustainability leadership of a top-tier club. Keywords: Brand Positioning, Carbon Neutrality, Cultural Differences, Eco-Friendly Initiatives, Environmental Responsibility, FGR, Global Marketing Strategy, Sports Branding, Sustainability in Sports, Veganism in Football

Strategic Decision-Making and Organizational Alignment in Oman’s Energy Sector: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Strategic Frameworks []


Abstract Well-considered and academic strategic decision-making is essential to ensuring a business's continued sustainability and development, particularly within an ever changing energy sector. SM of Business: E-practices in strategic management of Oman energy sector businesses. It utilizes SWOT Analysis, McKinsey's 7S Framework, Strategic Alignment Model (SAM), and the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix. This paper examines the current strategic status of Oman's Energy Sector entities, evaluates their alignment with national goals as per Oman Vision 2040, and recommends specific measures for enhancing the productivity of energy trading companies to make them more competitive and sustainable in global markets. This research adopts a qualitative approach, combining secondary data analysis and case study evaluation to explore the strategic management practices of Oman Energy Sector Organizations. This article aims to help organizations in the energy sector better navigate through a changing energy landscape and, simultaneously, be more aligned with what benefits Oman over the long term based on its vision for growth and resilience. Keywords: BCG Matrix, McKinsey’s 7S Framework, Oman Energy Sector Organizations, Oman Vision 2040, Strategic Alignment Model, Strategic Decision-Making, SWOT Analysis