Volume 12, Issue 10, October 2024 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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Extent of Dissemination, Awareness, and Acceptability of the Revised CSU Vision, Mission, and Graduate School Objectives among Students and Faculty []


This study determined the extent of dissemination of information, awareness, and degree of acceptability of the revised CSU vision and mission and the Graduate School objectives among students and faculty. Descriptive research design was employed using a researcher-made survey questionnaire. Results show a moderate level of the extent of dissemination and awareness of the revised CSU vision and mission and Graduate School objectives to both faculty and student-respondents. The finding suggests that information was disseminated properly and clearly through brochures, bulletin boards, leaflets, manuals, posters, and meetings. In terms of degree of acceptability, the results reveal that both faculty and student respondents accept the vision and mission and GS objectives for “total human formation” and delivery of “quality education.” Meanwhile, both faculty and student-respondents’ profile shows no significant difference in their extent of dissemination and awareness and with their degree of acceptance of the revised CSU vision and mission and GS objectives. It can be implied that they come to accept the vision and mission regardless of their profile. Lastly, both faculty and students’ extent of dissemination and degree of acceptability was found to have a significant difference. It can be deduced that if the information was disseminated clearly through different sources such as posters, bulletin boards, and the like the more they become aware by accepting the revised University’s vision and mission and GS objectives. Keywords: Dissemination, awareness, acceptability, revised CSU vision and mission, GS objectives

Intelligent Assistant Agents: Comparative Analysis of Chatbots through Diverse Methodologies []


Chatbots have rapidly evolved from rule-based systems to sophisticated AI models, transforming various industries and gaining more attention after advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Language Models for Dialogue Applications (LaMDA). This is what made chatbots spread in many cultures and different languages such as English, Arabic, and other languages. This research paper reviews the history of chatbots, their efficiency, applications, various methods and components of their construction throughout history, and different examples of it, as well as Arabic and English chatbot applications, methods of measuring accuracy, and their various problems. It also compares the other research on chatbots in Arabic and English in Machine Learning and Deep Learning. It explores different algorithms employed in their substantial evolution, enhancing chatbots' intelligence, accuracy, and understanding of human speech and inquiries, ultimately aiding users more effectively. Also identifies key strengths, limitations, and emerging trends, aiming to inform stakeholders about chatbots' transformative potential and future directions in research and deployment.

AGILE INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY: A DYNAMIC APPROACH FOR FLEXIBLE , ITERATIVE AND ADAPTIVE DESIGN AND DELIVERY OF INSTRUCTIONS []


Agile instructional strategy has evolved as a transformative approach to learning design, distinguished by flexibility, adaptability, and collaborative procedures. Unlike traditional linear models, Agile values iterative development, ongoing learner input, and cooperation among instructional designers, educators, and stakeholders. This dynamic approach enables rapid alterations to learning content, ensuring that it is relevant and responsive to learners' changing needs. The application of Agile principles in educational settings spanning from primary to secondary, higher education, and corporate training has resulted in more personalised and engaging learning experiences. The advancement of technology and techniques like artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and adaptive learning platforms has increased the effectiveness of Agile instructional design. However, implementing Agile offers problems, such as managing constant change and ensuring efficient team communication. This paper examines the essential ideas, process, important stages, benefits, problems, and future trends of the Agile instructional approach, emphasising its significance in current learning contexts.

EFFECTS OF COST OF PROGRAM ON THE CHOICE OF PROGRAM BY STUDENTS IN NATIONAL POLYTECHNICS IN KENYA []


Young people between 15 and 24 years are at a disadvantage in finding and maintaining quality jobs. Their unemployment rate is three times that of adults. Overall global unemployment is projected to reach 208 million people in 2023 with an unemployment rate of 5.8%.The scenario threatens economic growth and social cohesion. Acquisition of relevant skills that enhance task performance is a noble endeavor to bridge this gap. The dominant explanation for this scenario is increased production of less demanded skills on the job market. Determining which skills are most in-demand is necessary in career choice. Previous research primarily relied on cross-sectional data and thus has been unable to disentangle the changes between the available skills and most in-demand skills. The purpose of this study was to establish the factors that inhibit students from enrolling in various courses in TVETS that offer the in-demand courses in Kenya. Specifically, this study seeks to determine the effect of cost of programs, sex and students socio-economic status on choice of programs one enrolls in National polytechnics. The study was guided by the theory of demand. The study used ex-post-facto design. The study targeted a population of 83157 students from ten national polytechnics and ten principals of these national polytechnics. These students constituted the 2022/2023 cohort who enrolled in various programs in these national polytechnics. Stratified proportional to size, random and purposive technics were employed to pick a representative sample of 1854 respondents comprising of 1846 students and 8 principals. Data from student respondents was collected using questionnaires and document analysis while principals had an interview guide. My supervisors validated these instruments before being administered. The reliability of the questionnaires was determined using internal consistency using the Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.8. Frequency distribution tables, percentages, measures of central tendency-mean, median and mode, measures of dispersion-variance and standard deviation, pair wise correlation, chi-square, logistic and multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied on the quantitative data. Qualitative data was however analyzed by objective. The findings were presented descriptively and in tables. The findings of the study showed that cost of programs had statistically significant effect on the type of program of study by students in National Polytechnics in Kenya. The findings further showed that sex was statistically insignificant when it came to choosing programs in National polytechnics in Kenya. Finally, it was revealed that SES had statistically significant effect on the program type by students in National Polytechnics in Kenya. Consequently, the study recommends that the government increases the capitation in National polytechnics depending on the nature of the program. Female students to be lured in STEM subjects.

Assessment of IoT Enabled Robotic Systems for Enhancing Efficiency in Smart Farming: Analysis and Implications for Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change Mitigation []


In this era of science and technology, we are still using conventional mechanized farming where the efficiency is too low. The need for food and agriculture is increasing globally, but we have not seen any revolution in IoT-based farming. In this paper, we analyzed data on a custom-made robot, ‘Agrover.’ This paper shows how IoT-based robotic farming can revolutionize the highly efficient farming style and emits 0% carbon. The methodology involved creating a prototype of Agrover and adding essential features such as sprayers, seeders, and various sensors. Data collection and analysis focused on a moisture sensor at a hybrid tomato-pepper farm in Demra, Dhaka, Bangladesh, where we recorded 8-bit moisture values and converted them to percentage moisture content over ten hours and used Python code to produce a graphical representation of the pattern in moisture content variation, which is an important factor for growing crops. Including solar panels and lithium-ion batteries ensures zero carbon emissions, enhancing sustainability. This research demonstrates the potential of combining advanced technologies with smart farming practices to address the challenges of food security, health, and environmental sustainability in agriculture

THE LIVED EXPERIENCE OF EUDAIMONIA AMONG MILLENNIALS OF SHARIFF AGUAK []


This research wants to answer the question what is ‘the supreme good for man’, that is, what is the best way to lead our life and give it meaning? Is Aristotle’s concept of happiness parallel with the lived experience of eudaimonia among Millennials? For Aristotle, a thing is best understood by looking at its end, purpose, or goal. For example, the purpose of a knife is to cut, and it is by seeing this that one best understands what a knife is; the goal of medicine is good health, and it is by seeing this that one best understands what medicine is. Keywords: Eudaimonia, Millennials, Shariff Aguak, Maguindanao del Sur

Case Study / Suspicion of gas embolism upon removal of the central venous catheter: Iatrogenic accident still relevant. []


The use of central venous lines is a common procedure in various healthcare services but their management is not without risks. We report the case of a suspected clinical picture of gas embolism consisting of coma, respiratory distress, hemiplegia, acute coronary syndrome and acute urinary retention following removal of the internal jugular catheter in a sitting position. The diagnosis of gas embolism was retained despite the absence of paraclinical arguments in favor of the presence of gas bubbles. The late evolution was favorable with regression of all clinical symptoms. The specific treatment of this mild form was based on high-flow normobaric oxygen therapy. At the end of this article, we insist on recalling the rules of good practice when manipulating the central venous lines to prevent the risk of this accident. Keywords: gas embolism /central venous line / oxygen therapy.

The English for Academic and Professional Purposes in Relation to Grade 11 Students’ English Communication Skills []


This study aimed to assess the competence level of Grade 11 students in the subject English for Academic and Professional Purposes (EAPP) and its relation to their English communication skills in reading, writing, and speaking. A descriptive correlational design was used, with 20 Grade 11 students from Notre Dame Village National High School as participants. The study utilized teacher-made tests and students’ EAPP grades as instruments. Findings revealed that while the students had fairly satisfactory grades in EAPP, their communication skills were poor, particularly in reading and speaking. The study found a significant relationship between EAPP competence and writing skills but not for reading and speaking. The findings emphasize the need for targeted strategies to improve communication skills. Keywords: Academic and Professional Purposes, Grade 11 Students, English Communication Skills

Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques sur planification familiale par les couples du quartier Plateau 2 Cogelos, Commune de Mont-Ngafula, Kinshasa-RDC []


Résumé : cette étude a contribué à l'amélioration de service de planification familiale (PF) des jeunes couples fréquentant les structures de santé pour la consultation prénatale dans la zone de santé de Plateau 2 Cogelos, commune de Mont-Ngafula, à Kinshasa-RDC. Il était question d'une enquête analytique à visée traversable du 01 Aout au 05 Octobre 2024. 84 couples ont été interview à l’aide d’un questionnaire et les données étaient traitées et analysées à l'aide des logiciels Word et Excel. Cette étude a montré 90,5% des connaissances sur la planification familiale 88,2%, utilisant les méthodes modernes, 11,8% les méthodes traditionnelles, 90,4% des attitudes favorables de couples et 89,4% les pratiques de la PF. La sensibilisation et la formation continue des couples par les professionnels de santé, seraient l’une des stratégies indispensables pour une bonne planification familiale (PF). Mots clés : Connaissances, Attitudes, Pratiques, Planification familiale, méthodes contraceptives, variables sociodémographiques, Plateau 2 Cogelos.

Les systèmes d’évacuation des eaux usées domestiques par les habitants de la Commune de Ngaba Kinshasa/Rd-Congo []


Résumé : les eaux usées sont celles souillées et générées par les activités quotidiennes des ménages et des habitations ; elles se composent des eaux vannes, issues des toilettes et des eaux grises ou ménagères, provenant des lavabos, douche, cuisine, lave-linge, etc. Les ressources en eau subissent une pression expansionniste continue de la population et de l’urbanisation. Une étude descriptive et transversale a été menée du 10 juillet au 15 octobre 2024 dans la Commune de Ngaba, auprès de 258 foyers. Les données ont été collectées sur base d’une interview structurée et d’un questionnaire préétabli. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que, la plupart des enquêtés se situent dans la tranche d’âge comprise entre 36 et 55 ans, soit 41,1%, dont 67,8% de sexe féminin et 37,2% de sexe masculin. 30,2% des eaux usées domestiques (EUD) proviennent de la douche. 29,8% des enquêtés jettent les EUD dans les puits et 28,7% dans les rues. Une campagne de sensibilisation de masse sur le mode d’évacuation des EUD ainsi qu’une mise en place d’un système d’assainissement des EUD permettront de répondre aux besoins ultimes de la population et un respect des normes urbanistiques sera établit. Mots-clés: Gestion, eaux usées domestiques, ménages, Ngaba

Transmission Line Fault Detection Using Machine Learning []


Abstract—Fault detection on transmission lines ensures that power systems are reliable and efficient. This paper aims to detail the use of ML methods for improvement in fault detection and fault prediction in transmission lines. Such techniques used in the industry include visual checks and the most basic automated systems, which are more of a hindrance when compared to helpful. Therefore, the application of sophisticated ML methods, including decision tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Deep Learning, will be employed in this research to enhance fault identification's efficiency and precision. The research uses archives of the transmission line fault histories, power distribution grid data, and information on the climatology of the study area. Consequently, after preprocessing the data, several ML models are trained for anomaly detection and the prediction of possible faults. The outcomes reveal that utilization of an ML-driven algorithm dramatically improves the efficiency of fault detection and prognosis, hence increasing the robustness of the grid. Furthermore, the study highlights problems that were encountered while implementing these systems into the power infrastructure and possible future uses of the technology. (Abstract) Keywords— Support Vector Machine, detection, algorithm

ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC INFORMATION RESOURCES USAGE AMONG STUDENTS IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY []


This study examines the use of electronic information resources (EIRs) by postgraduate students in the Library and Information Science Department at Abia State University, Abia State, Nigeria. A survey method was utilized to evaluate doctoral students' perceptions of the accessibility and efficacy of EIRs, collecting data from a sample of 30 students across different academic years. The study seeks to elucidate the patterns of EIR utilization, the frequency of interaction, and the perceived obstacles students encounter in accessing these resources. The study's findings indicate that although a substantial number of respondents acknowledge the significance of electronic information resources (EIRs), including e-books, journals, and online databases, considerable obstacles are impeding their regular utilization. Specifically, 46.7% of students indicated robust usage of electronic books, whilst 50% recognized the significance of online databases. Many individuals conveyed doubt about the dependability of free online resources. Frequency research revealed that 33.3% of students engage with EIRs every day, while a troubling 76.7% reported never employing them. The findings indicate an urgent necessity for strategic measures to improve interaction with EIRs, encompassing the enhancement of technological infrastructure access, the establishment of comprehensive training initiatives, and the execution of awareness campaigns. The paper proposes the establishment of a more supportive academic environment to solve these obstacles, thereby facilitating the effective utilization of EIRs and improving the research capabilities and academic experiences of postgraduate students. The results highlight the necessity of promoting digital literacy and enhancing access to electronic resources in higher education.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Fires in Riparian Forest Areas of the Dry and Humid Savannah Ecological Zone of Ghana []


Forest fires are common in Ghana's forest reserves, but their patterns in riparian forests within the Dry and Humid Savannah ecological zones are poorly understood. This study investigates fires in Tankwandi (dry savannah) and Kogyae (humid savannah) forest reserves from 2001 to 2020 using fire records and MODIS satellite data. Findings indicate that 62,070 hectares burned in both zones, with 4,138 fire hotspots detected. The humid savannah zone experienced more extensive fires (39,945 hectares, 75.2% change) than the dry savannah zone (22,125 hectares, 34.5% change). The humid savannah zone had a higher average number of hotspots per year (133.15) than the dry zone (73.75). January had the most hotspots in the humid savannah zone (50), while November had the most in the dry zone (45). Tuesday was the day with the most fires in both zones (27% in humid, 20% in dry), while Sunday had the fewest (2 hotspots in dry, 1 hotspot in humid). The study recommends outreach and education programs to raise awareness about fire prevention and promote responsible practices, especially during high-risk month

ROLE OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON STUDENTS’ MORAL BEHAVIOUR DEVELOPMENT AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN MUHEZA DISTRICT, TANZANIA []


ABSTRACT: This study was carried out in Tanzania's Muheza District and looks at how parental engagement in the formation of moral behavior affects pupils' academic success. In particular, the study ascertains the impact of parental participation on the development of kids' moral behavior with respect to their academic success and recommends actions to address this development. The research was directed by Kohlberg's (1981) Theory of Moral Development. There were 104 responders in the sample. Data was gathered via interviews and questionnaires. The results of the study showed that parents play a role in their children's moral behavior with regard to their academic achievement. Their involvement was noted in the areas of leadership, attendance, teaching responsibilities, discipline, hygiene, and academics. The results also revealed that instruction, parent-teacher communication, counseling, and motivation teaching discipline and time management, guiding students to follow school rules and regulation and setting of clear expectations contribute to the improvement of moral behavior among students. Ultimately the study concludes that parental involvement in moral behavior development need to be strengthened so as to enhance students’ academic performance. Keywords: Parental involvement, moral behavior development and academic performance.

Evaluation de l’application des normes de gestion des déchets hospitaliers dans les structures intégrées de la zone de sante de Karisimbi []


The main objective of this study is to assess the application of hospital waste management standards in the integrated structures of the Karisimbi health zone. Two questions were the driving force behind this research, including knowing the level of application of standards for the management of waste similar to household waste and the other to know the level of application of standards for the management of waste from infectious health care activities in the health structures of the Karisimbi health zone. However, we reached the results that 97.5 % of respondents limit the amount of waste assimilated to household waste, 97% make responsible consumption, 54% never recycle waste assimilated to household waste. 83.8% of respondents always sort waste, among which 50.0% put it in bags of different colors. 98.5% of respondents have a waste collection and transport service and the transport service has protection tools. In addition, for healthcare waste with infectious risks, 99.5% of respondents confirm the existence of suitable collection equipment; 99.5% of respondents have a collection service within the structure and 81.8% of respondents apply waste collection once a day; 96.5% of respondents disinfect before treating the latter.

CORRELATION OF HIP ABDUCTION STRENGTH WITH PAIN IN GRADE II AND III KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS []


BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Knee Osteoarthritis (0A) typically known as degenerative joint disease, is characterized by wear and tear as well as progressive loss of articular cartilage of the knee joint. The main aim of this study was to determine the co-relation of hip abduction strength with pain in grade II and III knee OA patients. METHODOLOGY: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2021 to January 2022. Total approach cases were 100 out of which 70 met the inclusion criteria. Patients were selected via the convenience sampling technique. The tools used for data collection were a self-structured questionnaire for demographics, Sphygmomanometer was used to measure hip abductor strength, and a Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was used to measure the intensity of pain. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21. Results were presented as descriptive statistics and tabulation. RESULTS: The mean age and standard deviation were 53.21 years. Out of 70 participants, 14(20%) were males and 56 (80%) were females. The frequency of duration of knee OA of less than 1 year was 1 (1.4%) and above 2 years was 69(98.6%). The frequency of Grade II Knee OA patients was 36 (51.4%) while the frequency of Grade III knee OA patients was 34(48.6). There was a very strong negative correlation of NPRS and Hip Abduction strength with an r-value of -0.704. The r-value of Grades of OA knee and NPRS was 0.603 which showed that there was a strong positive correlation between them. The r-value of grades of OA knee and hip abduction strength was -0.703 which showed that there was a very strong negative correlation between them. CONCLUSION: There was no co-relation of hip abduction strength with pain in grade II and III Knee osteoarthritis patients. KEYWORDS: Knee OA, NPRS, Sphygmomanometer

Modern Teaching/Learning Materials and Pupils Academic performance in primary schools in Yaounde 1 sub Division of Mfoundi Division in Center Region []


(helen.maimbgehe@fse-uy1.cm) Abstract We live in a time when technology is dominating in all aspects of life. It has greatly transformed education in the last two decays. Technology has also been of aid to the needs of different types of learners and learning styles. The purpose of this study was to find out how modern Teaching/learning Materials like computer, television and smart phone influence Pupils’ Academic Performance in selected primary schools in Yaounde 1 Sub-Division. The study focus was to have an understanding of the influence of teaching/Learning materials on pupils’ academic performance. The study employed the use of simple random sampling technique to select a sample of 100 teachers from eight schools in Yaounde 1 sub division. The survey data was collected through the use of a questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. The results show that the use of computers, television and smart phone have a strong positive relationship with pupils’ academic performance. Recommendations issued from the results note that: modern teaching/learning materials should be made available to teachers and pupils in schools; teachers should implement the use of modern teaching/learning materials as an aid to improve on pupils learning needs and learning styles; Parents too should provide modern teaching/learning materials at home to meet up with their children’s learning needs. Key words: Modern Teaching/learning materials, academic performance, computer, smartphone, television

conception d'un didacticiel d'apprentissage des algorithmes en BAC 1 informatique: une approche basée sur le scratch []


The aim of this article on designing an algorithm learning tutorial using Scratch is to propose an innovative solution to the challenges faced by students and teachers in computer science education, particularly regarding algorithms at the first-year undergraduate level in computer science. KEYWORDS : Learning, Algorithm, Teacher, Students, Scratch.

The “short umbilical cord sequence syndrome”: an unusual case report []


Short cord syndrome is a complex, lethal and rare poly-malformative syndrome. We report a case, described in Tunisia, of this syndrome observed antenatally in a 33-year-old parturient, by an initial obstetric ultrasound performed at 26 weeks' amenorrhea. After termination of pregnancy, macroscopic examination revealed a male newborn with several diagnostic criteria of the short cord sequence, principally abnormal folding of the embryo in the early phases of development (lack of closure of the abdominal and thoracic wall). This is known as Cantrell's pentalogy associated with short cord sequence.

Analysis of the Iodine Content in Branded Table Salts Used in Amassoma Community. []


Deficiency or excessive dietary intake of iodine can result in serious pathology problem, mostly in relation to thyroid gland metabolism which may represent a direct threat to human life.Therefore, it is important that the intake of this mineral is adequate according to the recommended daily intake. This study was aim at determining the iodine content in different brands of table salt in Amassoma community. The different (4) branded table salt were obtained. From Amassoma market and analyzed using lodometry to determine if they have the required iodine content (50 ppm) as regulated by WHO/NAFDAC. The result from the analysis of the four (4) branded table salt sample collected from Amassoma market shows that each of the salt sample has iodine content agreeable with NAFDAC approved range for human consumption. Hence the four brands of table salts can be recommended for human consumption without any fear of unhealthiness

Crise d’intégration économique dans le Marché Commun d’Afrique Orientale et Australe, COMESA en sigle []


Summary This article studies the crisis of economic integration in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, COMESA in acronym. This crisis prevents the organization from achieving its objectives, in particular to make the economic integration of the Member States effective. The problems observed are both endogenous and exogenous. Among the endogenous problems, we revealed the political problem linked to political 2 instability, to the multiplicity of international organizations in the area. Also, this organization is stumped by the legal problem, in particular the delay recorded by the Member States in the adoption of various texts of different stages of economic integration of COMESA. Finally, it is experiencing economic problems, such as economic underdevelopment and the unequal level of economic development between the different COMESA member states. However, the exogenous problems have long been linked to the balkanization of Africa as desired by the Berlin conference, slavery and the dependence of West Africa. Keywords: Economic integration, dependency, underdevelopment.

Review and Analysis of Existing Solid Waste Management System in Lahore []


The continued increase in urbanization & industrialization has resulted in increased solid waste generation in Pakistan, which is impacting environment conservation, public health & aesthetic beauty. In this review paper, an effort is made to evaluate the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation, storage, collection, transfer & transport, processing & recovery & landfill sites, in Lahore. The study concludes with identifying issues in the existing solid waste management system of Lahore along with recommendations.