Volume 13, Issue 2, February 2025 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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"Blue Bonds and Sustainable Fisheries: Scotia bank’s Contribution to Marine Conservation" []


Abstract: This article explores the role of financial institutions, particularly Scotiabank, in promoting marine conservation through Blue Bonds. Blue Bonds are financial instruments that support sustainable development while generating long-term economic returns. The article examines how Scotiabank has contributed to responsible fisheries and marine resource management, particularly in Mexico, by financing sustainable aquaculture and fishing initiatives. Additionally, it highlights the broader impact of Blue Bonds on biodiversity conservation, food security, and economic stability. The discussion also touches on complementary sustainability measures, such as offshore wind energy and eco-friendly fishing practices, demonstrating how financial strategies can drive environmental and economic progress.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF NIGERIA’S CURRENT ECONOMY ON THE ACADEMIC PROGRESS OF STEM STUDENTS’ IN TARABA STATE POLYTECHNIC SUNTAI JALINGO CAMPUS []


The World Bank 2022 estimate of Nigeria’s poverty rating of 38.9% is disheartening and troubling; 87 million Nigerians are living below the poverty baseline. This rating has cascading effects on the socio-economic, education and the general wellbeing of citizens. Millions of young people are leaving the country through illegal routes, through the Sahara to Europe in search of greener pastures. More troubling is the drop and nose diving scale of the dropout rate of year two National Diploma students’ of Taraba State Polytechnic Students’ due to the poor state of the economy even with the 50% cut in tuition payment policy of the State Government. The aim of this work is to assess the rate of discontinuity in the academic progress amongst diploma two STEM students’ in the schools of basic and applied science, engineering and environmental studies of the polytechnic. As an objective to satisfying the aim, descriptive statistical tools of mean, standard deviation and t-test was used to analyze the acquired data information from administered questionnaire. Questionnaire, with strong correlation coefficient (r) of 0.80, determined through the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient served as the instrument. The internal consistency of the questionnaire (α) = 0.95 was obtained using Cronbach’s Alpha formula by experts. Three (3) research questions and one hypothesis were formulated. Respondents’ alluded that economic hardship and poverty are major factors responsible for the dropout of students’ in the polytechnic. Some of the recommendations include improved national economic policy and the declaration of a state of emergency on STEM education in Nigeria. Keywords. Economy, Dropout, STEM, Poverty, Taraba.

AN EVALUATION OF THE EXTENT OF UTILIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL RESOURCES FOR THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF STEM COURSES IN TARABA STATE POLYTECHNIC SUNTAI, JALINGO CAMPUS []


Technological resources consists of electronic devices such as electronic and interactive white board, smart board, voice and video networks, wired and wireless data access, tablets, laptops and desktops and other devices for storing, manipulating, producing, communicating and dissemination of information. The aim of this work is to identify the availability, and to measure the extent of the utilization of technological resources for the teaching of STEM courses in Taraba State Polytechnic Suntai Jalingo campus using descriptive survey design. As an objective to satisfying the aim, descriptive statistical tools of mean, standard deviation and t-test was used to analyze the acquired data. The questionnaire was validated by experts with a reliability coefficient (r) of 0.85, determined through the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The internal consistency of the questionnaire (α) = 0.96 was obtained using Cronbach’s Alpha formula. The population of the study is comprised of 1737 diploma II students and lecturers. The sample size was 325. Purposive sampling technique was used to draw 300 respondents of students and 25 lecturers from the schools. Three (3) research questions and one hypothesis were formulated. Respondents agreed on the challenges encountered, technological resources in the polytechnic are grossly inadequate. Results show a no significant difference between the mean responses of teachers and students to the extent of utilization of technological resources in both schools of the Polytechnic. Public Private Partnership support for the provision of Technological resources to the institution is one of the recommendations made as a strategy for enhancing the effective utilization of technological resources for the teaching of STEM courses in the Polytechnic. Keywords: Technology, Resources, STEM, Teaching, Learning.

ADOPTING AND ADAPTING TO GLOBAL HUMAN FRIENDLY AND SUSTAINABLE CLIMATE CHANGE SOLUTIONS IN TARABA STATE OF NIGERIA []


In Taraba State of Nigeria, so much work has been done by authors on climate change issues, ranging from the establishing of empirical evidences of the effects of climate change, to the proffering of some adaptive and mitigation solutions to climate change in the State. Just recently, the government of the State invoked a militant security approach for the safe guiding of forestations in the State from deforestation by people who convert wood logs to charcoal. Though, the approach is legal and captured in the Nigerian Climate Change Policy, it was draconically done without human face and sufficient publicity. This work adopts the proportional stratification sampling technique to get information from the wards within the Jalingo metropolis on the extent to which adopting and adapting to global human friendly and sustainable climate change solutions approaches could present better results. Descriptive statistical tools of mean, standard deviation and t-test were used to analyze the data obtained. Questionnaire, with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.89, determined through the use of Pearson’s Correlation coefficient served as the instrument for the research work. The internal consistency of the questionnaire (α) = 0.90 was obtained using Cronbach’s Alpha formula by experts after a 14 days test-retest of the instrument. Three (3) research questions and one hypothesis were formulated. The work also looked at the socio-economic challenges faced by people in the metropolis as a result of the ban on charcoal. The work suggested strategies for better humanly friendly and sustainable climate change approach such as integrating climate change concept and framework into primary, secondary and tertiary school’s curriculum and the adopting of the sustainable forestation initiative management system than policing charcoal vendors within the state. Keywords: Climate Change, Adaptive, Mitigation, forestations, Charcoal.

ATTENDANCE MONITORING AND RECORDS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR PILAR NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL USING FACE RECOGNITION []


The Attendance Monitoring and Records Management System for Pilar National Comprehensive High School Using Face Recognition is designed to enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and security of attendance tracking. Traditional attendance methods, such as manual roll calls and fingerprint scanning, often lead to inefficiencies, errors, and security concerns. This system leverages face recognition technology to automate attendance recording, providing a contactless, fast, and reliable solution. By integrating real-time data processing and robust security measures, the system ensures compliance with data privacy regulations while minimizing administrative workload. Its implementation aims to improve school operations and establish a more efficient attendance management framework. The findings of the study indicate that the system significantly reduces errors associated with manual attendance tracking and eliminates instances of proxy attendance. With its encrypted and role-based access control features, the system safeguards biometric data, ensuring only authorized personnel can access attendance records. Real-time processing capabilities enable school administrators to monitor student attendance instantly, allowing for timely intervention in cases of absenteeism. User feedback from administrators, teachers, and students highlighted the system’s ease of use, reliability, and effectiveness. Pilot testing confirmed the system’s operational viability, demonstrating high accuracy even under varying environmental conditions. The study concludes that the integration of face recognition technology with a centralized records management system successfully meets the objectives of improving attendance tracking, enhancing security, and streamlining administrative processes. The system’s real-time reporting features provide immediate insights into attendance trends, assisting school officials in decision-making. Additionally, the research underscores the potential of biometric technology in educational settings, particularly in large-scale institutions seeking efficient attendance management solutions. Based on these conclusions, it is recommended that the system be expanded to monitor attendance within individual classrooms for more detailed tracking. Regular system updates and recalibration of face recognition algorithms should be conducted to maintain accuracy. Training sessions for school personnel are advised to maximize system effectiveness. Future improvements may include integrating an automated notification system to inform parents of student attendance in real-time. Lastly, it is recommended that Pilar National Comprehensive High School explore the possibility of expanding the system’s use to other school management functions or extending it to other institutions within the district to standardize attendance tracking practices. Keywords: Aemilianum College Inc., Attendance Data Management, Attendance Monitoring, Attendance Tracking, Automated Attendance System, Automated Record-Keeping, Digital Attendance System, Digital Record System, Education Technology, Face Detection and Recognition, Face Recognition Technology, Facial Recognition Attendance, Facial Recognition System, High School System, Pilar National Comprehensive High School, School Attendance System, Student Monitoring

ONLINE ADOPTION FORUM SCHEDULLER ATTENDANCE AND MONITORING SYSTEM []


The Online Adoption Forum Scheduler Attendance and Monitoring System aimed to streamline the adoption process for Child Care Office V through a system with integrated modules. These modules included a Management Module for administrators to manage user accounts, an Event Management Module for users to generate and select pre-adoption forums, and a Client Management Module for accessing forums and receiving digital certificates. Additionally, SMS and Email Notification Modules enhanced communication by sending reminders, schedules, and meeting links. The system was evaluated using the ISO/IEC 25010 standard, focusing on functionality, reliability, usability, and other quality attributes. The study excluded advanced features like analytics and scalability to maintain a focused scope. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) Methodology was used to develop the system. This iterative approach allowed for rapid prototyping, continuous feedback, and refinement, ensuring the system met user requirements effectively and efficiently. The methodology enabled swift development while accommodating necessary adjustments throughout the process. During the development, as well as after testing and evaluation of the developed system, several key findings were established. The Online Adoption Forum Scheduler Attendance and Monitoring System successfully included a Management Module that enabled administrators to register, log in, update profiles, and manage user accounts effectively. The system also integrated an Event Management Module, allowing users to generate, navigate, and select their pre-adoption forums seamlessly. Additionally, a Client Management Module was successfully incorporated, enabling users to access the online pre-adoption forum and receive their digital Certification of Attendance. The study further added an SMS Notification Module that ensured clients were notified via SMS about their scheduled online adoption forum. Finally, the system included an Email Notification Module that sent clients an email containing the Google Meet link and the scheduled time for the online pre-adoption forum. Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusions were formulated. The implementation of the Management Module demonstrated the system's ability to streamline administrative tasks, enhancing efficiency and improving user account management for administrators. The integration of the Event Management Module highlighted the system’s effectiveness in providing users with a seamless and user-friendly experience for managing pre-adoption forum schedules. The incorporation of the Client Management Module showed the system’s capability to facilitate user access to online pre-adoption forums and streamline the issuance of digital Certificates of Attendance. The addition of the SMS Notification Module effectively enhanced communication by ensuring clients were promptly notified about their scheduled online adoption forums. Finally, the inclusion of the Email Notification Module improved client communication by sending timely emails containing the Google Meet link and the scheduled time for the online pre-adoption forum. Based on the conclusions drawn from this study, the following recommendations were formulated. First, the Management Module should be further optimized by incorporating additional features such as role-based access control and advanced reporting, which would enhance administrative efficiency and security. Second, the Event Management Module should be expanded by adding features like calendar synchronization and reminder notifications to improve the user experience and better manage forum schedules. Third, the Client Management Module should be enhanced by integrating a tracking system for user progress and enabling real-time updates on certificate issuance, which would improve user engagement and overall system functionality. Fourth, the SMS Notification Module should be improved by incorporating customizable message templates and delivery time settings to better accommodate client preferences and time zones. Fifth, the Email Notification Module should be enhanced by adding features such as automated follow-up reminders and the ability to resend the meeting link in case of delivery issues, ensuring better client communication and engagement. Lastly, it is recommended to implement a feedback mechanism within the system, allowing clients and administrators to provide suggestions or report issues, thereby contributing to continuous improvement in system functionality and user experience over time. Keynotes: Aemilianum College Inc., Adoption Forum Management, Adoption Process Coordination, Automated Scheduling System, Digital Public Service Platforms, Forum Attendance Monitoring, Notification System Integration, Online Adoption Forum Scheduler

RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION – BASED KIOSK SYSTEM FOR STUDENT EVALUATION []


The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) - Based Kiosk System for Student Evaluation was developed to enhance the efficiency and security of the student evaluation process. Utilizing the Rapid Application Development (RAD) Methodology, the system was designed with a comprehensive database, an intuitive data management module, RFID authentication, and an interactive evaluation sheet viewing interface. The system also includes a durable kiosk enclosure to ensure usability and protection of electronic components. To guarantee reliability and effectiveness, the system was evaluated based on the ISO/IEC 25010 standard, focusing on functional suitability, performance efficiency, usability, security, and maintainability. The study's findings indicate that the system successfully stores and manages student evaluation data in a secure and organized manner. The data-management module enables authorized personnel to efficiently input and update evaluation sheets, while RFID authentication ensures secure and accurate student identification, preventing unauthorized access. The kiosk’s evaluation sheet viewing interface effectively enhances accessibility for students, improving their overall experience. Additionally, the system meets industry standards, demonstrating its robustness in usability, security, and performance. Based on these findings, the study concludes that the RFID-Based Kiosk System is a reliable and effective solution for managing student evaluations. Its secure database, user-friendly interface, and strong authentication mechanisms contribute to its efficiency and usability. The kiosk enclosure further supports its functionality by providing durability and protection for hardware components. Moreover, adherence to ISO/IEC 25010 ensures that the system aligns with global software quality standards, reinforcing its long-term sustainability and maintainability. To further improve the system, it is recommended to regularly update and optimize the database for enhanced security and efficiency. Future upgrades should explore advanced RFID technology or additional authentication methods to strengthen data protection. User feedback should be continuously gathered to refine the evaluation sheet viewing interface, ensuring accessibility and usability. The kiosk design should also be periodically assessed for durability and aesthetic improvements. Additionally, implementing a robust backup and recovery plan is essential to safeguard data integrity and minimize disruptions. Future iterations of the system should maintain compliance with ISO/IEC 25010 standards to ensure continuous enhancement in functionality, security, and performance. Keynotes: Aemilianum College Inc., Academic Records, Radio Frequency, Identification-Based Kiosk System, RFID, Student Evaluation, Student Information Access

INTERACTIVE PRINTING KIOSK FOR AEMILIANUM COLLEGE INC. []


The study focused on the development of an Interactive Printing Kiosk specifically tailored for Aemilianum College Inc., with specific objectives to address the printing needs of students, faculty, and staff. The system was designed to facilitate document printing for PDF and Word formats. Users could upload their files via supported storage devices and select specific options for their printing needs. These options included document type (black and white or colored), paper size (long or short), and specific page selection, providing flexibility and efficiency. The system is also integrated a coin-operated payment mechanism using a coin selector. This ensured accurate and straightforward transactions by accepting exact amounts for the chosen printing options. Thirdly, the study prioritized developing a user-friendly interface to ensure accessibility for all users. The interface featured intuitive navigation, allowing users to easily upload files, configure print settings, and complete transactions with minimal assistance. The kiosk was evaluated using ISO 25010 standards. The evaluation criteria included functional suitability, performance efficiency, compatibility, usability, reliability, security, maintainability, and portability. This comprehensive assessment provided insights into the system's overall effectiveness and ensured alignment with international standards. The development of this Interactive Printing Kiosk addressed the challenges of limited and inconvenient printing services while offering a streamlined, cost-effective, and user-centric solution for the Aemilianum College Inc. community. The findings of the study, derived from the development, testing, and evaluation phases of the Interactive Printing Kiosk, reveal several key insights. Firstly, it highlights the pressing need for a reliable and efficient printing solution that caters to the specific requirements of students, faculty, and staff at Aemilianum College Inc. The system effectively addresses these needs by enabling users to print documents in PDF and Word formats with options for black-and-white or colored outputs, long or short paper sizes, and specific page selections, offering a high degree of flexibility and convenience. Secondly, the study underscores the importance of integrating a straightforward payment mechanism. The kiosk's coin-operated system, using a coin selector, ensures accurate transactions by accepting exact amounts for the selected printing services, thereby streamlining the payment process for users. Thirdly, the findings emphasize the value of a user-friendly interface. The system’s intuitive design allows users to easily upload files, select their preferred printing options, and complete transactions without requiring technical assistance, making it accessible for all levels of users. Lastly, the evaluation of the system’s quality characteristics by diverse evaluator groups, including IT experts, college students, and professors, revealed high ratings across various metrics. These metrics include functional suitability, performance efficiency, compatibility, usability, reliability, and security. Additionally, the system demonstrated satisfactory maintainability and exceptional portability, further validating its overall effectiveness and suitability as a solution for the printing needs of Aemilianum College Inc. In conclusion, the findings of this study underscore several key points regarding the development and implementation of the Interactive Printing Kiosk for educational environments. Firstly, the study highlights the necessity of a reliable and efficient printing solution tailored to meet the specific requirements of students, faculty, and staff at Aemilianum College Inc. The kiosk’s ability to handle document printing in PDF and Word formats, with options for black-and-white or colored outputs, long or short paper sizes, and specific page selections, ensures flexibility and user satisfaction. Secondly, it emphasizes the importance of an integrated payment mechanism. The system’s coin-operated feature, utilizing a coin selector, simplifies transactions by accepting exact amounts, providing a seamless and hassle-free payment process. Thirdly, the study underscores the critical role of a user-friendly interface in ensuring accessibility and ease of use. The kiosk’s intuitive design allows users to navigate the printing process effortlessly, reducing the need for technical assistance and enhancing overall usability. Finally, the evaluation of the system’s quality characteristics by diverse evaluator groups, including IT experts, college students, and professors, yielded high ratings across various metrics, such as functional suitability, performance efficiency, compatibility, usability, reliability, and security. Additionally, the system’s satisfactory ratings for maintainability and exceptional ratings for portability confirm its effectiveness and suitability for the institution’s printing needs. These results affirm the Interactive Printing Kiosk’s success in addressing the challenges of traditional printing services and enhancing operational efficiency within the educational setting. Based on the conclusions drawn from this study, several recommendations have been formulated to guide future improvements in the system. To ensure smooth operation under all conditions, it is recommended to address minor performance issues through periodic updates and optimization, maintaining system efficiency. Strengthening security measures, particularly for payment processing, is crucial; integrating stronger encryption protocols and additional security features would help protect user data from breaches or misuse. Enhancing user experience by incorporating features like multi-language support and mobile app integration for remote printing would make the system more accessible and flexible. Lastly, ongoing monitoring, testing, and updates should be implemented to address emerging issues and incorporate user feedback, ensuring the system continues to evolve and perform effectively over time. Keywords. Aemilianum College Inc., Interactive Printing Kiosk, Printing Station, Student Printing Services, Aemilianum Colleges Printing Kiosk, User-Friendly Printing Interface, Student Printing Needs .

Differentiated Instruction and Mathematics Achievement of Grade 3 Learners []


The effects of differentiated instruction on the mathematics achievement of Grade 3 pupils at Casugad Elementary School, Bula, Camarines Sur, for the school year 2023–2024 were examined using a descriptive-correlational research design. Grade 3 learners, their parents, and mathematics teachers participated in the study, with data gathered through a teacher-made test. Findings indicated that differentiated instruction was highly utilized, meaning teachers implemented various instructional strategies tailored to learners' needs. However, despite this high level of utilization, learners’ mathematics achievement remained at the below basic level, suggesting that additional instructional support may be required to improve learning outcomes. The greatest impact of differentiated instruction was observed in Statistics and Probability, where learners demonstrated better comprehension and problem-solving skills. Conversely, its weakest effect was noted in Measurement, highlighting the need for improved instructional methods in this area. Statistical analysis revealed a very weak correlation between the level of utilization of differentiated instruction and overall mathematics achievement, emphasizing the need for further refinements in instructional approaches to enhance student learning.

Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kabul []


Introduction: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral disease that generally has an acute and severe course and affects multiple organs. The CCHF virus is an RNA virus that belongs to the genus nairovirus and the family Bunyaviridae. This virus spreads to humans through the bite of infected ticks or contact with blood and fluids of infected persons. The CCHF virus is the second most common arbovirus after the dengue virus. The clinical features of the disease vary from a flu-like illness to non-lethal viral syndrome (encephalitis) or rapidly progressive hemorrhagic fever with a high mortality rate, which can reach up to 50% in humans. The first case of CCHF in Afghanistan was reported in 1998 after that, up to 2007, no cases were reported, but in 2017 an unusual increase in cases occurred, which is a concern Objective: The objective of this paper is to find the prevalence of CCHF in infectious diseases hospital, Kabul, during the year 1397 Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted with 164 patients who were admitted to Kabul infectious diseases hospital during one year. Results: During the year 1397 total of 8435 adult patients were admitted to Kabul infectious diseases hospital, of which 164 patients (1.94%) were diagnosed and treated as CCHF cases. 80.5% were males, and 19.5% females. The mean age of the patients was 33.92±14.51 years, and the majority of the patients were aged 15-25 years, and the least number of cases were in the age category of 66-75 years. Conclusion: In this research, the CCHF cases were more common in the age category of 15-25 years and was more prevalent among men compared to women. In terms of occupation, the majority of cases have occurred among butcher.

Traduction journalistique et promotion de la culture Fon : une appréciation de la revue de presse de Dah Houawé (Bénin) []


This article examines the linguistic challenges faced by the journalist-translator in their role as an intercultural mediator. It also addresses the question of adhering to the norms and specificities inherent to Fon culture. The primary objective of this article is to identify, analyze, and describe the linguistic modalities of the written press in Benin, as well as the various translation techniques and strategies adapted to better disseminate information in the local language, particularly Fon. To achieve this objective, a qualitative approach was adopted. Results show that six categories of structuring linguistic modalities emerge: political cultural realia, journalistic cultural realia which are dominant, polysemy, figures of speech (metaphors), idiomatic expressions (saying and proverb) and isotopy. The translator used a 71.41% domestication strategy, compared with 28.56% foreignisation, which suggests a general adaptation of the meaning of the information, with some retention of onomastics in the written press and toponymic realia of Benin. Keywords: Translation, journalistic translation, community translation, press review.

Mortality effect of bee venom against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions and analysis of GC-mass to bee venom []


The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis is a one of serious pests all over the world. It’s managed by many methods of methods, some of these methos, using chemical substances and essential oils to control it. This pest attacks large crops and vegetables. The bee venom is considered one of the biocontrol agents, using it against the 2nd instar of Spodoptera littoralis. The results illustrated that, the higher concentration was 1gm with the higher corrected mortality77.2ppm while, the lowest concentration with lowest corrected mortality 10 ppm. GC-mass analysis is considered one of the methods to know the components of the bee venom. The analysis explained that is Cyclopentadecanone,4-methyl-, Benzene sulfonamide, 5-amino-2-methyl-, N-phenyl-,Acetic acid, bromo-phenyl ester,α-Pinene o-Cymene,8-Heptadecene, Cyclotridecane, Hydrocinnamanilide,α-Farnesene,2-Nonadecanol and Retinal are some of components of the bee venom that listed by retention time (RT).

Thai Secondary School Learners’ Knowledge of Prefixes and Suffixes and Their Relationship with Vocabulary Size []


Vocabulary plays a crucial role in the overall language skills of second and foreign-language learners. This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between vocabulary size and knowledge of prefixes and suffixes among Thai high school learners. Using a sample of 595 participants, data were collected through three vocabulary knowledge tests. The findings reveal a moderate relationship between vocabulary size and affix knowledge, suggesting the need for increased focus on affixes in language teaching. Implications for educators and recommendations for future research are discussed.

Livelihood Situation of the Fishers in Coastal Area of Bangladesh []


Livelihood status of the fishermen of Kutubdiapara village, located in Cox’s Bazar Sadar Upazila of Cox’s Bazar district were studied during the period from June 2009 to March 2010 ( 10 months). This is an expressive type of study. Conventional survey techniques applied to collect information from randomly selected 50 families. Among the respondents 94 % Muslim, 4% Hindus & 2% found Buddhist. The fishermen were found to use 8 types of gear of which nets (five), fishing traps (two) & wounding gear (one) for their catches. Snake head fishes are the highest catch. Three types of mechanical & two types of non mechanical crafts used for this purposes. Three types of fisher identified such as professional fishermen occupying 58% of community people & earn annually BDT 30000, occasional or seasonal fishermen 32% earning 32600 & 10% representing as subsistence fishermen with having income BDT 38000. Among the respondents 66 % found fishing, 18% agriculture & 16% fishers found daily labor, small trade etc as their main income source. 52% fishers living in Katcha house, 42% availing tinshed housing, 8% fishers having half building & only 2% fishers are living in building. 62% fishers receive health services from village doctor. Only 4% fishers having own tube well for drinking water , 82% use community tube well & 14% using neighbor tube well for drinking water. Almost 60% fishers don’t have proper sanitary latrine. 66% fishers have access to use electricity. 16% fishers have TV. 20% using electric fan, 94% fishermen family using chair, 36% fishermen family using table & 64% fishermen family are using khat. Among the respondents 64% have chicken, 22% have cow & 14% fishers have bullock. Professional fishers life becoming more insecure day by day. Crisis credit dadon business made up fishers as slaves to their business lord.