Volume 13, Issue 2, February 2025 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND VALUE OF FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN NIGERIA []


This research investigates the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the value of selected publicly traded manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The primary objective is to assess how corporate governance practices influence the value of these companies. Ten manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) as of 2024 were chosen for analysis. Data were collected from the annual reports of these companies covering the period from 2015 to 2024 and analyzed using STATA 15. The study employed descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis, utilizing the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. The findings from the multiple regression analysis indicate that board size has a positive and significant impact on the value of the selected listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. In contrast, board composition exhibits a negative but insignificant effect on firm value during the study period. Additionally, the study reveals that audit committee size has a negative and significant influence on the value of the selected firms. Based on these findings, the study recommends maintaining a larger board size, as a larger board enhances the likelihood of directors possessing the necessary knowledge, skills, and networks, ultimately contributing to greater value creation in the selected companies.

A MACHINE LEARNING MODEL FOR KIDNEY FUNCTION FAILURE USING MARS V2 []


This study developed a machine learning model using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) V2 to predict kidney function failure. A dataset of 500 patients with kidney disease was used to train and test the model. The MARS V2 model was optimized using a grid search algorithm and evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results showed that the MARS V2 model achieved an accuracy of 92.5%, precision of 91.2%, recall of 93.5%, and F1-score of 92.3% in predicting kidney function failure. The model identified serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine protein as the most important predictors of kidney function failure. The study demonstrates the potential of MARS V2 in predicting kidney function failure and highlights its utility in clinical decision-making. Keywords: Kidney function failure, machine learning, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) V2, prediction model, clinical decision-making.

TIME SERIES INTERVENTION ANALYSIS OF THE AVERAGE MONTHLY EXCHANGE RATES OF NAIRA TO EURO []


This research work seeks to model the time series intervention on the average monthly exchange rate of Nigerian Naira to European Euro. A secondary data used for the analysis was obtained from the official website of the Central Bank of Nigeria(CBN) spanning from January 2014 to December2023. As a result of the three interventions identified on the time plot at different lags on the series, two identical but different models taking cognizance of the intervention impacts (ramp) were applied for the analysis. ARIMA 101 was applied on the first and second parts of the data separately while ARIMA 001 which was the best fit for the last part of the data taking cognizance of the intervention impact (also called ramp which was very sharp, abrupt, permanent and the most significant) at this point on the data was also used. The three models together with their intervention impacts were used to obtain reliable forecasts for the future values. Based on the findings, the series exhibited interventions at various points as a result of the change in administrative policies, fall in the value of crude oil in the world market, high debt profile and continuous borrowings as well as the removal of the fuel subsidy among other factors.

Caractérisation du système de production des cultures maraîchères dans le marais de Nyalugana, Sud Kivu, République Démocratique du Congo []


This study was conducted in the Nyalugana hydrological marsh, located in the Walungu territory, where local farmers regard vegetable farming as their main activity. The primary objective of the study was to characterize the vegetable production practices in the Nyalugana marsh. To achieve this, an exploratory survey was carried out with 120 vegetable growers using a questionnaire. The collected data, which included sociodemographic characteristics and cultural practices, were analysed descriptively, particularly concerning irrigation water sources and protective measures during phytosanitary treatments. The results reveal that eight types of vegetables are grown in the region. Production is predominantly led by tomatoes (25%), followed by onions (20%), cabbages (18.75%), amaranth (15%), nightshade (10%), eggplants (6.25%), and garlic (5%). A portion of the land is also dedicated to growing sorghum and maize. Vegetable production in the marsh is intensive, with a workforce mainly composed of family members. Farmers use local seeds and practice crop associations. Their experience ranges from 1 to 40 years. This study highlights the importance of vegetable crops for food security and overall health while providing insights into the specific vegetable farming practices in the Nyalugana marsh.

THE INFLUENCE OF OFFICER COMPETENCE AND OPERATIONAL PROCE-DURES ON SERVICE PERFORMANCE WITH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AS A MEDIATING FACTOR AT KSOP CLASS I BANTEN: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


At the Class I Port Authority and Harbormaster Office (KSOP) in Banten, service performance is influenced by the align-ment of officer competence, operational procedures, and the effective use of information technology. Competent officers with strong digi-tal skills can leverage technology to streamline processes and enhance efficiency. Despite the growing reliance on technology, challenges such as system integration, infrastructure readiness, and training gaps remain prevalent. This study explores the relationship between officer competence, operational procedures, and service performance, with information technology as a mediating factor. Keywords Officer Competence, Operational Procedures, Information Technology, Service Performance, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLO-GY IMPLEMENTATION AND EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION ON THE EFFI-CIENCY OF SEAFARERS' BOOK MANAGEMENT, MEDIATED BY SERVICE QUALITY: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


The advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has significantly transformed public services, in-cluding the digitalization of Seafarer Book issuance in Indonesia. The effective implementation of ICT in Seafarer Book management has the potential to improve service quality and efficiency. However, internal data from KSOP Class I Banten indicate a decline in the effectiveness of Seafarer Book processing over the past three years. Challenges such as infrastructure readiness, digital literacy, and communication barriers must be addressed to maximize the benefits of digital transformation. This quantitative study aims to examine the influence of ICT implementation and effective communication on the efficiency of Seafarer Book management, with service quality as a mediating variable. Keywords Information and Communication Technology Implementation, Effective Communication, Efficiency of Seafarers’ Book Manage-ment, Service Quality, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF KNOWLEDGE ON MARITIME SAFETY AND SECURITY, WITH UNDERSTANDING AND COMPLIANCE AS MEDIATING VARIABLES (CASE STUDY AT THE CLASS III HARBOR MASTER AND PORT AUTHORITY OFFICE OF SUNDA KELAPA): A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


This study examines the role of harbor masters in overseeing maritime safety and security at Sunda Kelapa Port, focusing on their knowledge of maritime regulations and safety protocols. Harbor masters are responsible for enforcing compliance with safety regulations, monitoring vessel operations, and managing vessel traffic to prevent accidents. However, the effectiveness of their oversight is influenced not only by their knowledge but also by factors such as understanding, compliance, and external elements like weather and technological advancements. This research aims to analyze how harbor master knowledge, understanding, and compliance contribute to improving safety management and reducing maritime incidents. The findings will provide insights into enhancing regulatory enforcement and maritime security at Sunda Kelapa Port. Keywords Knowledge, Maritime Safety and Security, Understanding, Compliance, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF E-LEARNING LEARNING METHODS, LEARNING MA-TERIALS, AND INSTRUCTOR COMPETENCE ON LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT WITH CADET SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE AT POLTEKPEL BAROMBONG: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


This study examines the impact of e-learning methods, learning materials, and instructor competence on learning satisfaction and academic achievement at Poltekpel Barombong. Internal evaluations from Poltekpel Barombong reveal a downward trend in stu-dent achievement, with average achievement scores declining from 87.5 in 2020 to 72.5 in 2023. Despite the increasing use of e-learning, challenges remain in adapting it to practical skills-based education. The study investigates how e-learning methods, competent instructors, and relevant learning materials influence student satisfaction and achievement, with learning satisfaction serving as a mediating variable. The findings aim to provide insights into improving e-learning practices and inform strategies to enhance student performance in vocational education at Poltekpel Barombong. Keywords E-Learning Learning Methods, Learning Materials, Instructor Competence, Learning Achievement, Cadet Satisfaction, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF PORT ADMINISTRATION SUPERVISION AND HUMAN RESOURCE COMPETENCE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH WORK MOTIVATION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE AT THE CLASS I PORT AU-THORITY AND HARBORMASTER OFFICE IN BANTEN: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


This study examines the influence of port operations supervision and human resource competence on employee performance, with work motivation as a mediating variable at KSOP Class I Banten. Ports are vital to national economic development, particu-larly in maritime transportation and logistics, and their efficiency relies on integrated management and effective coordination among stakeholders. Despite efforts by KSOP in overseeing safety, security, and operational efficiency, employee performance has declined from 2020 to 2023, indicating challenges in achieving optimal efficiency. Previous studies show mixed results on the relationship between supervision, competence, motivation, and performance, suggesting that while supervision and competency development can enhance motivation and performance, motivation alone may not be sufficient without adequate organizational support. Keywords Port Operations Supervision, Human Resource Competence, Work Motivation, Employee Performance, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF RECRUITMENT SYSTEM AND CREW CHANGE ON CREW PERFORMANCE AT PT. HUTAMA TRANS KENCANA WITH WORK MOTIVATION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


Studies show that recruitment system significantly enhances crew motivation by ensuring the selection of qualified and motivat-ed individuals, while structured crew rotations improve job security and career development, leading to higher motivation. Work motivation, in turn, positively influences crew performance, with motivated crew members exhibiting greater commitment and productivity. However, neither the recruitment system nor crew change directly affect crew performance without the mediation of work motivation. Data from 2022–2024 highlight issues such as inconsistent performance assessments and premature con-tract terminations at PT. Hutama Trans Kencana, pointing to the need for improvements in recruitment and crew management strategies. This study explores the impact of recruitment systems and crew changes on work motivation and performance. Keywords Recruitment System, Crew Change, Work Motivation, Crew Performance, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF SALES PROMOTION ON BRAND LOYALTY THROUGH BRAND PERCEPTION AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS MEDIATORS (CASE STUDY ON GIBSON JAKARTA): A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


Brand loyalty plays a critical role in business sustainability, particularly in the musical instrument industry, where brands like Gib-son, Fender, and Ibanez hold strong emotional value among musicians. Sales promotions, such as discounts and loyalty programs, have been shown to enhance customer satisfaction and brand perception, thereby strengthening loyalty. Despite these efforts, Gibson’s market share in the U.S. has declined from 2022 to 2024, indicating challenges in maintaining its competitive position. This study examines the impact of sales promotions on brand loyalty through brand perception and customer satisfaction, with a focus on Gibson Jakarta. Keywords Sales Promotion, Brand Perception, Customer Satisfaction, Brand Loyalty, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF TRAINING AND LEADERSHIP ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SHIP CREW WITH WORK MOTIVATION AS A MEDIATOR ON PT TRANS YEONG MARITIME TUGBOAT: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


Effective crew performance is essential for maintaining safety, efficiency, and legal compliance during voyages. The performance of PT Trans Yeong Maritime's crew has declined from 95.47% in 2022 to 94.46% in 2024, based on KPI data, indicating the need for improvements. This research investigates how leadership styles and training can enhance work motivation, which in turn is ex-pected to improve overall crew performance, contributing to the operational success of tugboat vessels at PT Trans Yeong Maritime. This study examines the factors influencing the performance of ship crews at PT Trans Yeong Maritime, focusing on the im-pact of training, leadership, and work motivation. Keywords Training, Leadership, Work Motivation, Performance, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF INSTRUCTOR COMPETENCE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ON LEARNING OUTCOMES WITH CADET SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATOR AT POLITEKNIK BAROMBONG: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


The decline in average learning achievement scores of cadets from 91.0 in 2021 to 87.0 in 2023 highlights challenges in maintain-ing educational quality. Instructor competence, including technical knowledge and teaching skills, significantly influences cadet satisfaction, while adequate facilities create a supportive learning environment. Cadet satisfaction mediates the relationship be-tween these factors and learning outcomes, as satisfied cadets tend to be more engaged and perform better. This study examines the impact of instructor competence, facilities, and cadet satisfaction on learning outcomes at Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong, with cadet satisfaction serving as a mediating variable. Keywords Instructor Competence, Infrastructure, Learning Outcomes, Cadet Satisfaction, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF TRAINING AND COMPETENCE ON PERFORMANCE WITH WORK MOTIVATION AS A MEDIATOR FOR EMPLOYEES AT PT. PERTAMINA TBBM WAYAME AMBON: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


In response to the challenges posed by globalization and increasing competition, PT. Pertamina has implemented various training programs to enhance employee skills. However, performance data from the company's annual report shows a decline in employee performance, with the performance index decreasing from 91.2 in 2022 to 89.5 in 2023, and further down to 84.9 in 2024. This suggests that the training may not be fully effective, and other factors, such as work motivation, may be influencing performance outcomes. Previous studies have highlighted the significant role of work motivation in enhancing employee performance, espe-cially in the context of rapid technological changes. This research aims to examine the influence of training and competence on employee performance, with work motivation serving as a mediator at PT. Pertamina TBBM Wayame Ambon. Keywords Training, Competence, Work Motivation, Performance, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF EXPERIENCE AND AUDITOR CERTIFICATION ON AU-DIT QUALITY WITH COMPETENCE AS A MEDIATOR AT PT JAKARTA IN-DUSTRIAL ESTATE PULOGADUNG: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


Audit quality is essential for ensuring the accuracy and integrity of financial statements, with key factors such as competence, experience, and certification influencing its effectiveness. The evaluation scores for auditors at PT Jakarta Industrial Estate Puloga-dung from 2022 to 2024 show a declining trend in audit quality, with scores decreasing from 84.2 in 2022 to 81.8 in 2024. This decline may be attributed to factors like experience, certification, and competence. This study aims to analyze the impact of audi-tor experience and certification on audit quality, with competence acting as a mediating variable. Keywords Experience, Certification, Audit Quality, Competence, Conceptual Model.

THE INFLUENCE OF COMPETENCE AND THE ROLE OF CREW MANNING ON CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON SEAFARER PERFORMANCE: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


The maritime sector plays a vital role in the global and national economy, with seafarers being essential to ensuring safety, opera-tional efficiency, and the global supply chain. Data from PT X shows a declining trend in seafarer performance, with the perfor-mance index decreasing from 88.5 in 2021 to 82.2 in 2023. This study examines the influence of seafarer competence and the role of crew manning on career development and its impact on seafarer performance in the maritime industry. Keywords Competence, The Role of Crew Manning, Career Development, Performance, Conceptual Model.

THE EFFECT OF SIRE 2.0 IMPLEMENTATION ON THE OPERATIONAL RELI-ABILITY OF TANKER SHIPS WITH MEDIATION OF CREW PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL []


SIRE 2.0, an upgraded version of the Ship Inspection Report Programme, introduces risk-based inspection and integrates digital technology to improve the accuracy and efficiency of inspections. By assessing factors such as crew readiness, safety equipment, and adherence to operational protocols, SIRE 2.0 enhances operational safety. The research highlights that effective management practices and well-trained crews significantly contribute to the operational reliability of tanker ships. This study examines the impact of SIRE 2.0 implementation on the operational reliability of tanker ships, focusing on the mediation effects of crew performance and management practices. Keywords SIRE 2.0 Implementation, Operational Reliability of Tanker Ships, Crew Performance, Management Practices, Conceptual Model.

Automatic Attendance System Using Image processing []


The face is the physical characteristic that instantly identifies an individual. Since the image processing techniques revolution, the ways to exploit this attribute have greatly changed. Every school, college, and even libraries note attendance. The conventional method of taking attendance involves a teacher calling out each student's name and then recording their presence. This paper aims to highlight how technology can take attendance through image processing, a more efficient and sophisticated means of registering attendance in schools. This paper illustrates the functioning of An Automatic Attendance System in a classroom setup. First, the video clip of the classroom is recorded and stored. Then this clip is converted into frames. Next, Face detection methods such as the Ada-boost algorithm are implemented on the frames. In the identified face region, features are extracted using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) methods. The system first takes the students’ faces and stores them in the database. During the face recognition process, the detected faces are matched with the faces in the database using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Once the system identifies the face, the attendance of the student will be immediately marked.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF THE AMAHORO STADIUM RWANDA []


This study examines the relationship between Total Quality Management (TQM) practices and project success, specifically focusing on the rehabilitation of Amahoro Stadium in Rwanda. The problem statement underscores the significance of quality management in construction projects, particularly in developing countries like Rwanda, where effective project management is crucial for achieving desired outcomes. Despite the increasing emphasis on TQM in various sectors, there remains limited empirical evidence regarding the direct impact of TQM practices on the success of construction projects in Rwanda. This gap necessitated the investigation of how various TQM dimensions such as quality planning, assurance, control, communication, collaboration, and continuous improvement affect project outcomes and success. The study employed a descriptive survey research design, targeting 144 stakeholders, including project managers, engineers, contractors, and relevant personnel, to gather data through structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis, including regression analysis, was used to assess the relationships between TQM practices and project success. The model summary revealed that the combined quality management practices explained approximately 97.9% of the variance in project success, as indicated by the R-square value of 0.979. This suggests that the TQM practices analyzed had a strong predictive capability in determining the success of the Amahoro Stadium rehabilitation project. The regression analysis results, presented in the coefficients table, further clarified the individual contributions of each TQM dimension. Quality planning showed a significant positive effect on project success, with an unstandardized coefficient of 0.539 and a significance level of 0.041, suggesting its critical role in setting clear project objectives and standards. Quality assurance practices had a substantial impact, with an unstandardized coefficient of 0.733 (p = 0.010), highlighting the importance of ensuring compliance with quality standards to reduce defects. Quality control practices also proved significant, with an unstandardized coefficient of 0.514 (p = 0.002), underlining the importance of maintaining high standards through regular inspections and corrective actions. Communication and collaboration practices had the highest unstandardized coefficient of 0.625 (p = 0.036), emphasizing the critical role of clear communication and stakeholder engagement in ensuring project success. The study's findings reveal that all TQM practices such as planning, assurance, control, and communication positively influence project success. The results strongly support the hypothesis that integrating comprehensive TQM practices in construction projects significantly enhances their chances of success. The findings also suggest that a robust quality management framework, which includes effective training, stakeholder involvement, and continuous improvement, is essential for optimizing project outcomes and achieving stakeholder satisfaction in future projects. In conclusion, this study contributes valuable insights into the role of TQM practices in the successful completion of construction projects in Rwanda, specifically in the context of the Amahoro Stadium rehabilitation. The strong correlation between TQM dimensions and project success underscores the need for integrating quality management strategies to enhance project performance, reduce risks, and improve overall outcomes in the construction sector. Key words: Total Quality Management, Project Success, Quality Planning, Quality Assurance, Amahoro Stadium.

STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DELAYED MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CHOLERA AND EPIDEMIC – ENDEMIC DISEASE []


Cholera is a potentially life-threatening bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, with the primary site of infection being the small intestine. The disease typically spreads through contaminated water and food and becomes more pronounced in areas with poor sanitation and inadequate access to clean drinking water. Cholera infection can lead to severe diarrhea, dehydration, and death if left untreated. Individuals with low personal hygiene have higher chances of spreading and/or contracting the disease. A nonlinear delayed mathematical model with environmental factor for the spread of cholera is proposed and analyzed. We prove that the delayed cholera model is biologically meaningful and analyze the local asymptotic stability of the equilibrium points for positive time delays. Both the disease-free (DFE) and endemic equilibria are found and their stability investigated using the Routh Hurwitz stability criterion method. Next Generation Matrix (NGM) method was used to get the basic reproductive number R_0. The disease-free equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0<1, while the endemic equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable if R_0>1. Numerical simulations are also carried out to investigate the influence of certain parameters on the spread of disease, to support the analytical results of the model.