Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2023 Edition - GSJ Journal Publication

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INVESTIGATION OF ENERGY-EXERGY UTILIZATION IN A SUGAR PROCESSING PLANT IN LAGOS, SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA []


This research work was designed to study energy requirement and exergy inefficiencies for refining raw sugar in a Sugar refinery plant, Lagos, Nigeria. The study was carried out using a three phases, ten steps energy audit model by Cape and Kennedy (1997). In this research sugar refining was classified into six unit operations namely: reception and storage, melting, clarification, crystallization, centrifuging, drying/packaging and utility unit operations respectively. The energy intensity for refining 1800 tons of raw sugar input to 1694 tons output was estimated as 420.49 MJ/tons consisting of electrical (65.42%), thermal (34.49%) and manual (0.09%) of the total energy. The most energy intensive section was the utility section with a value of 410,964.27 MJ, while the crystallization group operation was the most energy intensive group in the sugar refining process with a magnitude of 142,720.76 MJ. The exergy analysis revealed that the utility section was responsible for most of the inefficiency (55.45%) followed by the crystallization group operation (18.2%) while the reception and storage, clarification and drying/packaging group operations had 1.27, 2.78 and 3.74%, respectively making them the groups with very little inefficiency. The most exergy loss took place in the boiler house, which accounted for 33.44% of the overall system inefficiency.

Teaching Effectiveness: A Literature Review []


Teaching effectiveness is both the quality of teaching and the capability of teachers. It requires teachers to continually enhance practice by adopting an assessing mind-set. Teaching effectiveness is informed by growth-focused evaluations of teaching practice, indicators of learning and wellbeing, and is facilitated by a positive school culture. An educational culture that encourages and supports teachers with their continuous growth and development contributes to improving the standards of teaching and outcomes for learners. Hence, effec-tive teaching directly and indirectly contributes to students’ academic achievement, improved relationships with teachers, improved wellbeing motivation, and willingness to learn feelings of belonging within the school.

Impact of Improved Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Operation System on Commuters Satisfaction in Metropolitan, Lagos, Nigeria []


The Lagos Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority (LAMATA) established Africa's first Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) scheme, which went into operation on March 17, 2008, in Lagos, Nigeria, to reduce the number of vehicles navigating our constantly congested roads as well as to reduce, curtail, the level of gas emission, and curb the menace constituted by the commercial bus drivers in Lagos State. It is important to note that the public transportation sector, especially the BRT in Lagos is characterized by long waiting queues, irregularity, and uncertainty around the bus arrival time which has frustrated so many to result in alternative transportation mediums or perhaps the purchase of individual cars, which has further increased the number of vehicles on our ever-busy roads, particularly during the peak period. This research is, therefore, aimed at examining the impact of the BRT operation system on passenger satisfaction in metropolitan Lagos, Nigeria. To achieve the aim, the opinion of the commuters was sampled using a questionnaire, which was distributed to the commuters through an online medium such as email, Google form and other digital mediums. The research reveals the BRT operation in the state has its dedicated lane which has been instrumental to its expansion. However, the research reveals an unnecessary delay of commuters at some major bus terminals which is sometimes connected to the non-adherence of buses to the scheduled timetable. BRT's operation has significantly impacted the travelling pattern of commuters around the corridor; hence, further improvement in its service will enhance the confidence of the commuters in its service. Keywords: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Commuters, Corridor, Metropolitan, Terminals, Transportation.

LEARNERS` VIEW ON QUALITY EDUCATION IN EMERGING PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOLS IN MABELREIGN/WARREN PARK DISTRICT, HARARE OF ZIMBABWE []


ABSTRACT: The study aimed to assess learners` view on quality of education in emerging private high schools in Mabelreign/Warren Park district in Harare Metropolitan Province of Zimbabwe. It is important to mention that the study was unique as it assessed the quality of education in emerging private high schools in an education set-up where the population of these schools increased at an alarming level. The study was guided by the systems theory. Systems theory view a system as an entity with interrelated elements which can then view a boundary around the organisation. The study adopted a quantitative research approach, positivism paradigm, and a descriptive design. More so, the sample for the study was 215 learners who were selected using simple random sampling technique. The major findings are that colour on the classroom walls, textbook-pupil ratio, and safe learning environment have positive contribution on quality education. The study concluded that colour on the classroom walls, low textbook-pupil ratio, and a safe learning environment have positive contribution to quality education in emerging private high schools. The study recommended that Entrepreneurs in emerging private high schools should purchase current Cambridge recommended textbooks for each learner such that they leave by their message to the target market as per their ads. Key terms: Quality education, emerging private high schools, traditional private high schools, global north countries and global south countries.

EDUCATIONAL ORIENTATION OF ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM (ALS) LEARNERS' AND THEIR ACADEMIC INVOLVEMENT []


Basic learning is seen as a gateway for everyone to advance their learning and skill training. Furthermore, education is a fundamental human right even in the new normal setting. Yet, not everybody appreciates education, especially the millennial's who lost their interest for learning when face to face classes are restricted. Hence, the study’s ultimate goal is to investigate the implication of the Alternative Learning System (ALS) learners’ Educational orientation on their academic involvement in South President Quirino District amidst the modular class in the new normal setting. It employed a quantitative study, specifically a Descriptive-Correlational Method to determine the relationship between the extent of the educational orientation of the ALS learners and their level of participation in their class at President Quirino District, division of Sultan Kudarat. Based on the result, the extent of the Educational Orientation of Alternative Learning System (ALS) learners, in terms of transition in Education, and acceptance of New Normal Educational System is found to be evident which entails that ALS learners are fairly aware of the transition. Further, the level of their academic involvement in the New Normal Setting, in terms of Modular class, and Portfolio Compilation is rated as fairly satisfactory which means that they are below average when it comes to their academic performance in the New Normal Setting. Finally, it has been concluded that there is no significant relationship between the extent of the Educational Orientation of ALS learners and their level of academic involvement in the new normal setting. Keywords: Educational Orientation, ALS, Portfolio, Module

LEARNERS’ INVOLVEMENT IN THE DIGITAL LEARNING AND THEIR PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING []


As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, most schools throughout the globe have been closed for a long time. Different ways have evolved to continue educating and supporting students, including in-person, distance, and hybrid configurations like remote/distance solutions. This study determined the relationship between the Learners’ Involvement in the Digital Learning and their Psycho social Well-Being of Grade Six learners at Kulaman District II, Division of Sultan Kudarat during the School Year 2022-2023. It utilized a Quantitative Research design, specifically, the use of Descriptive-Correlation with the Grade Six learners and teachers as respondents. Result revealed that the level of learners’ involvement in the digital learning, in terms of Google Instruction, You tube Videos, and Multimedia Classroom in DepEd Kulaman District II was Highly observed. Finding also suggests that the extent of learners' psycho social well-being in DepEd Kulaman District II, in terms of social, mental, and emotional well-being, was seldom noticed. This was due to the fact that the learners’ psycho social well-being was not affected by their usage of the technological gadgets. Finally, result indicated that the excessive engagement or involvement of learners in digital learning had no impact to their psycho social well-being. In other words, the mental, emotional, and social health of learners in Kulaman District II were not affected by the social media platforms they only used as these for entertainment and educational purposes. Consequently, it was concluded that learners were inclined when it comes to their media literacy.

SCHOOL HEADS’ INSTRUCTIONAL SUPERVISION AND TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE IN KULAMAN DISTRICT []


The progress of teachers' careers may be bolstered through participation in professional development programs, instructional supervision, and professional learning communities. Hence, the goal of this study was to determine the relationship between the extent of school heads’ instructional supervision, and the level of performance of Elementary School teachers in Kulaman District, Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat for the School Year 2022-2023. It utilized a Quantitative Research design, specifically, the use of Descriptive-Correlation. Based on the results, school heads in Kulaman district had the exemplary instructional supervision which can be understood that they perform well in the duties assigned to them, especially in monitoring the performance of the teachers leading them to progress, observing their growth as professionals, and evaluating their teaching strategies with utmost transparency that will make them more productive in their chosen career. Further, teachers had least research-based knowledge in their teaching. However, they had an outstanding or excellent performance when it comes to their mastery and application of knowledge. It can also be inferred that teachers in Kulaman district upheld to professional development that will impact their performance. Further, Establishing Safe and Secure Classrooms, were also observed among them which make learning meaningful to every single learner they have. It was then concluded that School heads in Kulaman District perfomed excellently in their instructional supervision which helped their teachers to grow professionally with constructive evaluation and transparent observation.

SCHOOL STRESS MANAGEMENT AND TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE IN THE IN-PERSON CLASSES []


Stress arises during the implementation of New Normal and in-person classes. Schools have become the most vulnerable to safety and security. Health concerns of school personnel, students, parents, and other stakeholders are at stake; thus, temporary closure of schools was enforced to contain the spread of the virus and reduce infections career. This study utilized a Quantitative Research Design, specifically, the use of Descriptive-Correlation to determine the significant relationship between the extent of the school stress management, and the level of performance of Elementary School teachers in DepEd Kulaman District for School Year 2022-2023. Based on the result, Kulaman District II have a commendable implementation of stress management, specifically in the areas of Proactive Work Management, Problem Solving, Participative/Empowering, Emphatic Engagement, Managing Conflict, and Use of Organization Resources. Result also revealed that teachers had the least research-based teaching expertise. In terms of their grasp and application of knowledge, however, they exhibit an exceptional or great performance. Therefore, it may be extrapolated that teachers in the Kulaman District are committed to professional development that influences their performance. In addition, they follow Creating Safe and Secure Classrooms, which makes learning relevant for every student they have. Finally, it way concluded that the implementation of the stress management had significant contribution on the performance of Elementary School teachers in Kulaman District II.

BREAKING THE HABIT: CAUSES AND STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING CYBER-TRUANCY AMONG STUDENTS []


Truancy is a growing concern that affects the overall performance of students. This descriptive research examines the causes and strategies for reducing cyber-truancy among students. The respondents consisted of a sample of 146 college students and 46 senior high school students 195 students. The results indicated that the respondents agree on the causes of cyber-truancy among late adolescents of the University of Baguio (M = 2.83, SD = .42). The study also revealed that there is no statistically significant difference in the degree of agreement on the causes of cyber-truancy among late adolescents of University of Baguio considering the school level of the respondents t(193) = 1.561, p = .120. In terms of strategies, the respondents agree on the strategies for reducing cyber-truancy among late adolescents of the University of Baguio (M = 3.18, SD = .37). Moreover, the study showed that the degree of agreement on the strategies for reducing cyber-truancy among late adolescents of the University of Baguio in the tertiary level was significantly greater than in the senior high school level t(193) = 3.409, p = .001. Overall, truancy is unlikely to be resolved by a single approach. Thus, identifying the causes of cyber-truancy can help create intervention strategies.

EFFECT OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN NIGERIA []


Employees of an organization are propelled and committed to organizational work based on certain organizational rationalities. For employees’ performance to be optimal, effective and efficient human resources management (HRM) must be in place. This study, therefore, examined the effect of HRM on employee performance of manufacturing company in Nigeria. Data for the study were obtained from a structured questionnaire administered among 2 sectors (consumer and industrial goods) of the manufacturing industries in Nigeria. For consumer goods, Unilever Nigeria Plc and Nestle Nigeria Plc. were selected while for industrial goods, Triple GEE and Company; and Dangote Cement Plc. were selected. Pearson product correlation and multiple regression analysis of ordinary least square were the estimation techniques employed. The results indicated that occupational health and safety, recruitment and selection and training and development exhibited a significant positive effect on the employees’ performance of the manufacturing company in Nigeria. It was therefore, recommended that organisation that aimed at improving performance should put in place requisite HRM practices as it has a direct correlation with achieving the overall performance of the organisation. Keywords: Employee Performance, Human Resources management Practices, Occupational Health and Safety, Recruitment and Selection and Training and Development

Phytochemical Screening of Lactuca sativa L. As Influenced by Various Nutrient Sources Under Soil and Ecological Conditions of Marawi City, Philippines []


The study was conducted to determine the phytochemical components of Lettuce applied with different types and levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Objective of the study is to determine the phytochemical properties of Lettuce using different fertilizer sources and compute its Return on Investment (ROI). Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications conducted at Mindanao State University, Marawi City. Results of the study revealed that all three replications of T3 showed double positive (++) in tannins indicating that T2 is having harmful levels of the phytochemicals. The results showed that all other treatments are safe from harmful phytochemical components. Result of the study, considering that T3 (Rec. Rate (RR) Inorganic Fertilizer) treated plants are high in tannins, it is therefore safe to recommend the use all other treatments. In urban areas, this study showed that the use of pots can be a practical alternative to increase production and provide food in urban settings.

Prevalence of birth asphyxia at Kibuye Referral Kospital []


Background Neonatal asphyxia occurs among two to ten per one thousand of birth lives. Most of them are born prematurely. As a consequence, the World Health organization (WHO) estimates that each year, 4 million neonatal deaths occur due to birth asphyxia, representing 38% of deaths of children aged 5 years and less. In Rwanda, 33% of neonates born asphyxiated, contributing to 19/1000 live birth neonatal death. The purpose of this study is to determine prevalence of birth asphyxia at Kibuye Referral Hospital. Methods A retrospective cross sectional study design with quantitative approach was used. A data collection sheet that includes socio-demographic characteristics of mothers and neonates. The delivery registers were reviewed between January to December 2021. In total 1870 neonates born at Kibuye referral hospital meeting inclusion criteria were used to select a total sample of 401 neonates using Yamane’s formula. Statistical analysis was perform using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v23). Demographic characteristics of respondents and prevalence of birth asphyxia was presented using frequencies and percentages. Results The mean age of our study population was 30.03 (SD= ±7.14). In total, 40.6% (n=163) of mothers were in the age category between 24 to 34 years old. Majority of the mothers were married (70.1%, n=281. Regarding occupation, more than half of the mothers (70.8%, n=281) were farmers. Of 1870 neonates include in the study, 94 of them are born with asphyxia resulting in a prevalence of 5%. Conclusions The findings of this study support the existing evidence that birth asphyxia is considerably a public health threat. Kibuye referral hospital needs to ensure proper monitoring of women on labor to improve delivery outcomes.

Antimicrobial Activities and Phytochemical Screening of The Ethanolic Leaves Extract of Mitracarpus Scaber []


An evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of the Ethanolic leaves extract of Mitra-carpus scaber shows that it has inhibitory effects on Candida albicans, Aspergillus spp, Penicillium and Escherichia coli at various concentrations. Based on the zones of inhi-bition produced by the plant(M.scaber), the Ethanolic crude extracts showed a signifi-cant activity at concentrated and diluted solution of the extracts after 24hours of incu-bation on both C.albicans, Aspergillus spp, Penicillium and E.coli. The antifungal Flu-conazole and antibacterial Amoxicillin served as positive control. The antimicrobial studies reveals that the highest zone of inhibition of growth was observed as 29.33±0.66mm in the Ethanolic leaves extracts against C.albicans which shows a sig-nificant difference when compared with the standard drug Fluconazole (27.50±0.28mm) and the lowest zone of inhibition of growth was observed as 0.00±0.00mm in the Ethanolic leaves extracts against all the tested organisms which also shows a significant difference when compared with the standard drugs. The lowest MIC of this plant part (Leaves) was observed at diluted concentration of the extracts against C.albicans and Aspergillus spp with corresponding MFC also at diluted concen-tration of the extracts against C. albicans and Aspergillus spp. The highest MIC and MFC was observed at concentrated solution of the leaves extracts against almost all the tested organisms. The phytochemical screening carried out also shows the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, tannins, and anthraquinones. This shows that the Mitracarpus scaber can be used as herbal mixture for the treatment of skin infec-tions caused by some bacteria and fungi.

Health Practices of Tri-People Women []


ABSTRACT Parents serve as role models for their children to establish a healthy lifestyle. This study on health practices of tri-people women utilizing the descriptive survey research design aimed to determine the respondents and family health profile, the practices in safeguarding the health of the tri-people women and their families, and aspirations for the health of the tri-people women’s families. There were 46 women from partner communities of Southern Christian College (SCC) Peace and Tri-people Dialogue Project Phase 5 identified using convenience sampling were interviewed using a survey questionnaire, and the data gathered from them were treated using descriptive statistical tools such as frequency, percentage and weighted mean. Findings revealed that a large number of respondents were in their active years, 20-29 years old (12 or 26%), Bangsamoro (20 or 43.48%), believers in Islam (22 or 47.8%), had attended college, worked as farmers (15 or 33%), barangay workers (16 or 34.8%), and had a household size of 2 to 6 (30 or 65%). All (46) of the respondents have water-sealed toilets, but many of them (35 or 76.1%) only use them for their families. Although the designated midwives or nurses visited their respective Barangay Health Station (BHS) at least twice a month (24 or 52%) and twice a week (22 or 48%), the BHS was open every day. The majority of the women reported that all members of their family received anti-CoVid 19 vaccinations (61%); had taken sick family members to the closest government hospital located within their municipality (72%); and reported that the barangay ambulance, and rescue van, or multi-carry vehicle was available whenever medical emergencies arose. Further findings showed that the respondents personally always practiced taking a bath every day, keeping themselves clean before going to bed, finding ways to interact with their family or laugh to relieve stress and anxiety, and taking deep breaths. They also made sure that each meal was healthy and balanced, used traditional remedies for healing, and engaged in physical activity (exercise) every day. On the other hand, among the respondents' families, drinking enough potable water, eating at least three meals together, sleeping sufficient hours, maintaining good hygiene, limiting screen time to any gadgets as well as abstaining from sugary foods, cigarettes, and alcoholic beverages, and participating in worship and prayer together were highly practiced. Moreover, the respondents wanted their families to be well and free from disease, as well as for them to practice regular prayer, eat a healthy diet, maintain good hygiene, and complete their education so that they can have brighter futures. Based on the findings, it is inferred that these tri-people women in SCC partner communities share a lot of similar behaviors for ensuring their own and their family's health naturally. Making the most of the available resources, their rural lifestyles are advantageous to their health. Although the family of these tri-people women needs to do more, there is still a need for increased family participation in community activities that enhance knowledge and improve family members' health. In the future, it is suggested that women take part in more barangay health awareness and community activities so they are better familiar with the services and programs accessible to families, particularly those focused on enhancing their health and welfare.

Challenges facing beginning teachers’ mentorship in enhancing their pedagogical skills in government secondary schools in Tanzania []


This study investigated challenges facing beginning teachers’ mentorship in enhancing their pedagogical skills in government secondary schools as case of Sumbawanga Municipality and Nkasi District in Rukwa region, Tanzania. The study employed exploratory case study design and qualitative research approach in exploring teachers’ experiences on the challenges facing beginning teachers’ mentorship in enhancing their pedagogical skills. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires. Data were thematically analyzed and ethical considerations were observed. Findings show that both beginning teachers and mentor teachers faced time limit for mentorships purposes, they were also faced with lack of reinforcement of laws to implement mentorship and finally, they faced shortage of teaching and learning materials for mentorships in schools. The study concluded that teachers in schools cannot perform mentorship in schools effectively due to; the prevailing limited time from experienced and beginning teachers for mentorship programmes; the presence of huge teaching workloads in schools due to big number of lessons; and the silence of the government in releasing circulars and regulations to guide mentoring activities in schools. In this situation, the study recommends that there should be deliberate efforts from the schools’ administrators and decision makers to provide ample time for mentorship activities in schools, train and employ adequate teachers who will support in the reduction of teaching workload, and amend and enact mentorship circulars, regulations and by-laws to enforce mentoring activities in schools.

A STUDY OF MACRO DETERMINANTS OF LIFE INSURANCE CONSUMPTION IN ZAMBIA []


Despite posting higher average real growth in the period 1999 to 2018, Zambian’s life insurance sub-sector’s contribution to the Zambian economy still remains inadequate. Consumption of life insurance in Zambia was not high enough to support the generation of adequate premiums and improve the subsector’s contribution to the economy. The study investigated macro variables that determined the consumption of life insurance in Zambia. The study took a descriptive research approach, and employed a quantitative research design. To this effect, the study used time-series secondary data the period 1990 – 2019 resulting in a sample size of 30 years. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyse the times-series data to determine which macro variables had a significant relationship with the consumption of life insurance. Results showed that out of the five (5) independent variables included in the multiple linear regression model, Financial Development, Domestic Savings, Inflation, Young Dependency and Social Security, only Young Dependency and Social Security had significant relationships with life insurance consumption. It was therefore concluded that Young Dependency and Social Security were significant macro determinants of life insurance consumption in Zambia. The study further concluded that Young Dependency and Social Security each had a negative relationship with consumption of life insurance. In a lower middle-income country like Zambia, high young dependency resulted in citizens not being able to satisfy their current needs to think about life insurance. High young dependency rendered income insufficient to buy life insurance. Increased access to social security reduced the need to buy pension products from the life insurance sub-sector. Social security displaced life insurance. Lastly, the study recommended; the formulation and implementation of deliberate policies that support job creation, making having life insurance mandatory, and pricing life insurance products to accommodate individuals in lower income brackets, as ways to increase consumption of life insurance in Zambia.

GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN NEPAL: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES []


The government and public lands are valuable resources that the government manages and oversees for the benefit and welfare of the country’s citizens. So, the management of these lands is crucial for ensuring good governance, sustainable development, and equitable distribution of land resources. However, the system faces numerous challenges that hinder its effectiveness and efficiency. This study provides an overview of the legal provision existing in Nepal for government and public land management and discusses possible challenges and opportunities in the government and public land management practice in Nepal. There are several legal arrangements for the preservation and management of government and public land, but the lack of a comprehensive land policy, an integrated land act, and a bureau responsible for their preservation and management has resulted in their continuous encroachment of land. The challenges identified from various literature reviews include ambiguity in institutional roles and responsibilities, a lack of accountability and methodology in land allocation and use, inadequate information on state and public land, weak enforcement and compliance mechanisms, and limited public participation in decision-making processes which overall contribute to land encroachments. Similarly, the opportunities which are supposed to enhance and improve land management and land governance include the provision of land access to marginalized groups, formalization of informal settlement, implementation of land inventory and audit process, and so on. The article underscores a recommendation to address the possible challenges in the land management system in Nepal in order to provide a strong foundation for further policy making which ensures effective governance, equitable access, and responsible utilization of land resources to all stakeholders.

ATTITUDE TOWARDS CONFLICT AND PERFORMANCE IN VALUES EDUCATION AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS []


Conflict is an unavoidable aspect of life, but how students manage it makes all the difference. A vital life skill for students is learning how to resolve conflicts in a positive way. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between attitude towards conflict and performance in Values Education among peer mediators. The researcher made use of descriptive research design, specifically descriptive-correlational research, to objectively analyze the relationship that exists between the attitude towards conflict and performance in Values Education among peer mediators at the University of Baguio High School. This study also utilized the descriptive-comparative research design to find out the difference in attitudes towards conflict among students. Based on the analysis of the data gathered, it was found that the attitudes towards conflict among peer mediators and non-peer mediators vary along the five modes of conflict that were used in the study. Students trained in peer mediation primary utilized accommodating and compromising when faced with conflict situations. There is a significant difference in the attitude towards conflict among peer mediators when compared to non-peer mediators across the five modes of conflict. The performance of peer mediators in Values Education is very satisfactory. Also, there is a moderate positive correlation between the attitude towards conflict and performance in Values Education among peer mediators. The findings provide a contextual perspective on peer mediators’ conflict resolution skills, which lead to increased social and academic achievement. This further indicates that improved social skills and attitudes towards conflict helped students achieve academic success.

Baguio City Police Office Response to Emergency Calls []


Police response to emergency calls is a crucial aspect of law enforcement that ensures public safety and security (Schafer, 2010). Timely response is essential to prevent injury, loss of life, and property damage (Braga, 2001). Thus, this study aims to know the common emergency calls responded by police officers in Baguio City including the factors affecting their response and the challenges encountered during the response. This study made use of qualitative descriptive design. This study involved thirty (30) police officers from Baguio City who were selected through purposive sampling. Interview guide was the main gathering tool of the study. Data collected were organized in order to reveal the codes. The findings revealed that the common emergency calls responded are: theft, commotion or disturbances, physical injuries, vehicular accidents and family matters. While the factors affecting the response of the police officers are: inaccuracy of details given by the caller, distance, location and accessibility of the place of incident, understaffing of police personnel, traffic congestion and availability of mobile car. The problems or challenges encountered are uncooperative victims and witnesses, insufficient personnel, presence of bystander crowding the area, delayed arrival of EMS or ambulance, dangerous/armed suspect, severe weather condition, time pressure, and difficulty in locating the area of incident. Keywords: police response, emergency calls, factors affecting police response, challenges encountered, law enforcement

Evaluate the quality of the management of obstetric-surgical emergencies at the SIKASSO Hospital []


ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the quality of the management of obstetric-surgical emergencies at SIKASSO Hospital. Methodology This is a prospective descriptive cross-sectional comparative study. Our study extended over 2 months, from October 1 to November 30, 2016. This is a study carried out in the operating room of the obstetrics and gynecology department of the anesthesia, resuscitation and emergency department of the SIKASSO Hospital. Our study focused on all the anesthesia records of patients meeting the following criteria: Included were all women admitted to a surgical obstetric emergency chart. Not included were all women without non-emergency obstetrical-surgical pathology and those whose records were not found. The information obtained from the medical files is mentioned on an individual data collection sheet on which the variables to be studied appear. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 10.0) and Microsoft Office 2007. Results Our study allowed us to identify 117 patients out of 135 during the study period, i.e. a frequency of 86.66% of our activities. Conclusion Anesthesia-resuscitation plays an important role in the management of obstetric and surgical emergencies. Also, the adequate management of obstetrical and surgical emergencies requires the establishment of a good anesthetic technical platform in order to minimize perioperative complications. Keywords: Quality, obstetrical and surgical urgency, care

Reasoning and Argumentation in Teaching Mathematics and Mathematics Achievement in Oyo State, Nigeria. []


Abstract The purpose of this was to explore the role of reasoning and argumentation in teaching pedagogy and learning in primary mathematics in Nigeria by investigating the existing pedagogy of mathematics in Nigeria primary (basic level) schools, examine the extent of implementing reasoning and argumentative approach in teaching mathematics at the basic level and examining the degree at which students use reasoning and argumentation in solving mathematics. 220 teachers were surveyed about their beliefs and practices regarding the teaching of argumentation and these views were correlated with their students (n=440) performance on reasoning and argumentation tasks. A significant correlation was found between more favorable attitudes and more practices and student performance. This confirms previous findings that showed that the teaching critical thinking skills was also an effective means of enhancing students’ understanding of Mathematics concepts even at the primary school level.

ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF PROJECT RESOURCE PLANNING ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE: A CASE OF 100 WEEKS PROJECT IMPLEMENTED BY CARITAS IN MUSANZE DISTRICT []


The effectiveness of project resource planning can be measured in terms of the extent to which it influences the implementation of the project and its performance as well. This study aimed at assessing the influence of project resource planning on performance of 100weeks project implemented by Caritas in Musanze district. The data were collected using a linked scale questionnaire where 1=Strongly Agree, 2= Agree, 3= Neutral, 4= Disagree, and 5= Strongly Disagree. The study employed 150 respondents sampled from 240 workers of Caritas. Among them, 44equivalent to 29.3% were males, while 105equivalent to 70.0% were females. The specific objectives were, to evaluate the influence of human resource planning, financial resource planning, and material and time resource planning on performance of 100weeks project. The demographic variables were reported by using frequencies and percentages, while the perception of respondents about the influence of project resource planning and performance of 100 weeks project was reported by mean and standard deviation. The relationship between variables was studied by using Pearson correlation tool of SPSS software. The results showed a very high perception of respondents about the influence of human resource planning on performance of 100 weeks project ( =1.39, δ=0.52). The results also showed a positive correlation between project resource planning and performance of 100 weeks project. In the same context, the results showed a strong positive correlation between human resource planning and performance of 100 weeks project (r=0.521, p=.000, N=149), a strong positive correlation between financial resource planning and performance of 100 weeks project (r=0.562, p=.000, N=149), and a medium positive correlation between material and time resource planning, and performance of 100 weeks project(r=0.348, p=.000, N= 149). From these findings of the study, the researcher recommended public and private sectors to reinforce the resource planning process, project managers to develop project resource plan, and to employ work breakdown structure for all the staff so as to identify their area of competence and specialization. The researcher also recommended further researchers to investigate other factors that can influence project performance than resources.

Fostering Digital Citizenship in the University of Baguio Basic Education []


Digital citizenship empowers people to participate actively and responsibly in society with access to and understanding of digital tech-nologies. This study aimed to identify and analyze the strengths and limitations of learners' and teachers' digital citizenship practices at the University of Baguio Basic Education. A descriptive survey and a correlational study were applied. Given the pervasiveness of technology in every sector, respondents were already accustomed to modern digital technologies, and youngsters continue to accept new technologies as they mature into adults. This proved that their digital literacy was strong among female learners and male teach-ers but no significant difference among grade levels. Some competencies revealed a significant difference between all female and male teachers and learners across grade levels in the digital safety and resilience domain. Under participation and agency, only in the interacting, sharing, and collaborating where a significant difference was reported among teachers; netiquette for learners but grade levels showed no effect across all competencies. As to the digital emotional intelligence, a significant difference existed in the self-regulation, interpersonal skills, and empathy of learners from different grade levels, but only self-motivation varied between male and female learners, with no difference among teachers. Creative literacy varied among male and female teachers and learners but not their grade levels. The pandemic expedited the pace of digital transformation. Thus, approaches and strategies should continue to be developed and applied to foster the growth of digital citizenship in education.

STAKEHOLDERS’ ENGAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF COFFEE PROJECTS IN RWANDA: A CASE OF RWANDA MARKET BUILDING FOR PEOPLE AND PROSPERITY []


The purpose of this study is to examine the role of stakeholders engagement and performance of coffee projects in Rwanda with the particular goals: To determine the effect of involvement of local stakeholders on performance of coffee projects; to examine the effect of clarification of responsibilities on performance of coffee projects; to establish the effect of team collaboration on performance of coffee projects and to evaluate the effect of communication of stakeholders on performance of coffee projects. It could be a subjective examination that includes cautious perception of a situation. The analyst utilized surveys to gather information, as distant as this consider is concerned, the populace was comprised of people, staff management and partners of Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity focusing on 174 workers. In this way, sample sizes of 174 individuals were considered to answer formulated questions. Universal sampling, as all population was questioned. The sample was made by number the staff management, stakeholders and employees of Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity respondents who will be involved in interaction with researcher. Research was adopted the questionnaire for collecting primary data and documentation review to collect secondary data. Pilot study was performed to ensure the validity and reliability of data collection instrument. The data will be analyzed trough Statistical Product and Service Solutions to percentage, mean standard deviation, Pearson Coefficient Correlational and Multiple regressions linear. Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity develops easy accessibility of the products on local markets at affordable price with its uniqueness as it can be seen where 60 (34.4%) agreed and 88(50.5%) strongly agreed that Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity develops easy accessibility of the products on local markets at affordable price with its uniqueness, 10 of respondents with 9.1% are neutral the statement while 10 of respondents with 5.7% are disagree. The strong mean and standard deviation of 4.22 and 0.039 respectively, implies that Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity develops easy accessibility of the products on local markets at affordable price with its uniqueness. The variation of Spearman Coefficient correlation is between -1 and 1. Spearman Coefficient correlation has significance when it is equal or greater than 0.01. According to the research, the correlation of 0.993 (91.4%) is located in the interval [0.75 - 1.00] categorized as positive and strong correlation. As the significant level is at 0.01 (1%), the p-value of 0.000 (i.e. 0.0%) is less than 1%. This leads to confirm that there is significant relationship between stakeholder’s engagement and performance of coffee projects. Based on the findings of this study, in regards to focus areas of project identification, Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity should strive to ensure that more focus is directed towards indicators of the project and the components and deliverables of the project. Regarding the influence of planning on the performance of the project, Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity needs to adopt planning practices that involve different levels of stakeholders more, and most especially community members. Though a few respondents suggested that they had not participated in the project planning process and given the importance of project planning to the entire project, Rwanda Market Building for People and Prosperity project managers should ensure that the planning process is carried out with maximum transparency and that all stakeholders and the community are offered equal chances to participate and offer their feedback and views. Keywords: Stakeholders’ engagement and performance of coffee projects.

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTIONS AND MYTHS REGARDING INFERTILITY AMONG SELECTED ADULT POPULATION IN SOUTH-EASTERN NIGERIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY []


Infertility is a disease of the male or female reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. This research was carried out to discover the knowledge, perception and myths regarding infertility among selected adult population in South-Eastern Nigeria. A structured administered questionnaire was used to obtain the data. The participants within the age range 33-44 were 35%, 45-75 were 30%, 27-32 19% and 18-26 were 16%. The female respondents were 52.5% while males were 47.5%. 70% of the participants were married while 30% were not married. Only 23.5% stated that Infertility is diagnosed usually after one to two years of regular unprotected sex, while 76.5% stated that it is diagnosed either less than twelve months or more than 3 years. This study revealed that 26% said previous use of intrauterine device by females can cause infertility together with 23% who said it is due to use of contraceptive pills used by females. Also some still believe that it is caused by supernatural powers. More so, 52.5% considered IVF unacceptable because of beliefs that its procedure may use foreign egg or sperm. In this study religion and customs continue to play a major role in the practices related to infertility. There is limited knowledge about treatment options coupled with its cultural and religious perspective that is unclear, which resulted in reduced acceptability of assisted reproductive technologies.